历年考研英语作文总结.docx

作文写作类型一般有两类：一是问题解决型的，一是现象分析型的。题材类型有以下几种：1教育、学习类（2003,2007）教育的目的：不仅仅是书本的学习，还有培养学生的理解自我和周围的世界，批判性思考，包容其他观点，独立之精神，自由之思想，奉献社会等（只要和教育学习有关的，应该可以先扯上教育的目的作用，再根据题干，指出这是不符合教育的目的，然后提出建设性意见、预见或是指出其中的不足）The primary reason why I agree with the proposition is that true education amounts to far more than gaining the knowledge and ability to excel in ones major courses of study and in ones professional career. True education facilitates an understanding of oneself, and tolerance and respect for the viewpoints of others. True education also provides insight and perspective regarding ones place in society and in the physical and metaphysical worlds. (理解自我、包容异见)The mission of our education is to afford students cultural perspective and a capacity for understanding opposing viewpoints, and to encourage and nurture the skills of critical analysis and skepticism-not to indoctrinate students with certain ideas while quashing others.（批判思考、包容异见）Education not only affirms the personality of seeking independent spirit and free thought , but also deny the thought of pursuing indulging in material comfort, and the inclination indulged on the behavior.(自由思想、独立精神，切忌贪图享乐) Education foster a notion that the young individuals do not forget to contribute the society while they pursue their ideals, (追求理想不忘奉献社会)教育的好处：三个有利于，有利于社会和谐，提升社会道德；有利于经济的发展；有利于先进文化的发展The well-educated individuals are beneficial to enhance the level of ethical principles and moral values, are beneficial to promote the social economys progress, and are beneficial to impel the social culture develop and flourish.2环境类（2000）保护环境的目的和好处：下一代是关键，可持续发展Protecting the environment serves not only our human but also animals, plants, and even the next generation, thus, we must make individuals awake the need of protecting environment and foster a sustainable developments notion in our society破坏环境的危害：Soil and water loss, prevent loss of water and soil erosion; deforestation, desertification, ozone hole, 解决办法：政府：推行法律Government should enact strict laws and regulations to guide the factories behavior and to punish these factorys owners who dont implement pollution control measures.企业：改进科技Factory should promote the production technology, reduce the wastage of resource and control the emission of pollutants个人：树立环保、节约意识Individuals should have a awareness about the importance of environmental protection, and keep a economical lifestyle.3个人行为与社会的影响（2001,2004,2005,2007,2008）个人的行为的题材很广，一般是宣扬某种价值观：如真善美和个人价值的追求，因此可以联系教育类等4企业和伦理道德企业的目的：为股东创造利益还是创造利益和服务社会并重Successful leadership is generally defined as that which achieves the goal of profit maximization for a firms shareholders or other owners. Moreover, the prevailing view in modern corporate culture is that by maximizing profits a business leader fulfills his or her highest moral or ethical obligation. Whether our most successful business leaders are the ones who embrace these additional obligations depends on ones own definition of business success. 企业的社会责任：There are compelling arguments for supporting modern corporate responsibility is that by maximizing profits a business leader fulfills his or her highest moral or ethical obligation. For example, business leaders have a duty to do no intentional harm to their customers or to the society in which they operate, for example, by providing safe products and by implementing pollution control measures. What is more, when corporations create and gain the social wealth, these business leaders should be imposed on an affirmative obligation to protect consumers, preserve the natural environment, promote education and take steps to help alleviate societys problems.5科技类(2009)科技与人文的影响6文化交流和融合类（2002,2006,2010）交流的好处：闭关自守的倾向：崇洋媚外的倾向：真题的题材类型很广，背一些真题的范文很有必要，因为一些话题可以相互联系的，也就是说，遇见你不熟悉的题材或是没有背过的题材，可以把你熟悉且背过的题材写上，也许这样有点牵强，但总比自己临场发挥的要好，例如：2002和2010年的作文都可以说成文化交流；环境类题材更是如此。假如遇见一些你所不熟悉或是无从下笔的题型，例如：一个人冲破了终点线（2004）或是你一只脚，我一只脚走南闯北（2008），这些都可以从所背教育类或是伦理道德类着手，比如2004年冲破终点线的可以说成鼓励个人的奋斗，教育的目的也是鼓励个人的独立奋斗达成自我愿望；2008年的题目是合作，合作很多种，企业之间的合作使利益最大化，提高经济，创造就业，节约成本，提升管理和技术；国家的合作有利于文化交流，减少分歧。我已把历年的范文下载了，你看看，根据自己的需要选择一些；最好是自己总结，这样背起来容易记住。考研作文的第一段一般很难写，因为看图作文先需要描述图给意思，这就涉及到很多不会写的词汇。如果碰到这样的问题，最好是背一些开头的套话，稍作描述，然后点明题意。中间一段或是两段，基本上都是你平时背的套话一字不落的写下，这样可以保证字数够多而且不会出错。最后一段：还是把背的东西写下，最好要点题，突出一下中心。如果你觉得你的中间段有点偏题，那这样做就更有必要了。平时尽可能的多练习，最好是掐时间去练习。What is shown in the column chart above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the market share of certain brands in domestic car markets from 2008 to 2009. During the period, there was a marked jump of 8% from 25% to 33% in the market portion of Chinese brands, while that of Japanese brands declined significantly by 10% from 35% to 25%. At the same time, the percentage of American brands remained steady. There are at least two fundamental causes accounting for these changes. On the one hand, advancements in science and technology have offered a technical foundation for the rapid development of Chinese aotuomobile industry by providing material basis and technical means. Meanwhile, it wont be difficult to notice these days that natioanal automobile companies in mounting numbers turn to price promotions to boost sales. On the other hand, the dishonest words and behaviors of Japanese automobile corporations such as Toyota in recent years cheapens their image and finally ruin their reputation. To sum up, brands are insubstantial treasure. They are akin to a products or a companys reputations. Obviously, if Chinese automobile industry wants to make continuous profits, what they need is to try promotions that reinforce Chinese brands image. (204 words) 上述柱状表中显示的数据表明，从2008年到2009年，国内轿车市场部分品牌市场份额发生了很大变化。在此期间，国产品牌的市场份额从25%急剧上升到33%，上升了8%；而日系品牌的市场份额则从35%急剧下降到25%，下降了10%。与此同时，美系品牌所占的百分比保持平稳。 至少两点主要原因造成了上述变化。一方面，科技进步通过提供物质基础和技术手段，为中国汽车产业的迅猛发展提供了技术基础。同时，众所周知近年来越来越多的国产轿车公司大搞价格促销来提升销量。另一方面，近年来丰田等日系轿车公司的欺诈言行削弱了其形象，并最终毁坏了其声誉。 总之，品牌是非实体的财富。它们就是一种产品或一家公司的声誉。显而易见，如果中国轿车产业想要继续赢利，他们需要的是尝试提升国产品牌形象的促销方式。 A Hot Pot of Cultures, Both Delicious and Nutritious In the picture above is a large hot pot. But different from the traditional Chinese hot pot, in which you see beef or lamb, luncheon meat, mushrooms, and a variety of vegetables, in this hot pot are various “cultural foodstuffs” of both Chinese and foreign origins: Confucius, Aristotle, and Shakespeare; Taoism, Greek mythology, etc. What lies behind the picture, or “buried” in the hot pot, is clear: for the construction of the Chinese culture and the future, materials of both Chinese and foreign features are indispensable. We are living in an age when economic globalization is not only heard over the media but also seen and felt in the reality of our daily life. No nation or country can maintain its well-being by living on and by itself. The history of China in the last half of the 20th century has provided a whole pack of vivid and convincing experiences, both of successes and failures, in that consideration. Only from the various and varied sources of the other nations, together that of with our own, can we obtain sufficient nutriments for a Chinese culture worth her pride and her leadership in the present and the future world. (197 words) 文化火锅，既美味又营养 在上面的图画中有一只巨大的火锅。但是和可以看到牛羊肉、午餐肉、蘑菇和各色蔬菜的传统中式火锅不同，在这个火锅里是各种中外来源的“文化食品”：孔子、亚里士多德、莎士比亚；道、希腊神话，等等。 在图画背后或“埋藏”在火锅里的含义显而易见：为了建设中国文化及未来，具有中外特色的物质都是必不可少的。 我们生活在这样一个时代：经济全球化不仅可以在媒体中听到，也可以在我们日常生活现实中看到、感受到。没有一个国家能够完全依赖自身就可维系安康幸福。在此方面，20世纪后半叶中国的历史已经提供了一系列生动可信的成功与失败的经验。由于中国文化在当今与未来的世界中值得自豪同时引领全球，因此只有通过自身与其他国家丰富多彩的资源，我们才能汲取充分的营养。 As is vividly shown in the cartoons, with the rapid social and economic development, the number of fishes has sharply decreased. In one picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900. On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, but many fishing-boats. The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to the decline of ocean resources. Owing to over-fishing, the number of fishes has obviously shrunk. If we let this situation go as it is, we do not know where fish will be in the near future. By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction. Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are vital to us. Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also I assume that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a brighter future. 如图所示，我们可以清楚看出随着商业捕鱼的发展，鱼的数量明显下降。在一幅图中，1900年有很多种鱼，只有一艘捕鱼船。相反，在1995年，只有一条鱼，但是渔船很多。 这些图画的目的是告诉我们应该充分重视海洋资源的减少。由于过渡捕捞，鱼的数量明显下降。如果我们让这种情况听之任之，我们不知道鱼的未来在哪。到那个时候，我们的环境将遭受巨大的破坏。 因此，我们很有必要采取严厉措施。一方面，我们应该呼吁政府制定严格的法律控制商业捕鱼。另一方面，我们应该提高人们的意识：海洋资源对我们非常重要。只有这样才能保护我们的海洋资源。同时，我认为我们人类能够克服这个困难，并将拥有美好的未来。 The picture vividly depicts a lovely American girl in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face. She wears ribbons, necklaces and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain Chinese minority group. Undoubtedly, the costume has added oriental charm/glamour to her beautiful look/appearance/features.What the picture conveys goes far beyond only/merely a new fashion trend. Instead, it carries cultural meanings/implications as well. The fact that people from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture indicates that to some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally. In other words, a nations unique/distinctive culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. Since the trend of globalization become irresistible, the increasing cultural exchanges can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship.It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished. Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture for those ideas from the other cultures, controversial or even absurd at first sight, can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run. Nevertheless, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side. Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous. (221 words)这幅图画生动描述了一位可爱的美国小女孩身穿传统的中国服装，面带甜蜜的微笑。她戴着具有某个中国少数民族服饰特征的发带、项链和其他装饰品。毫无疑问，这套服装为她美丽的外表增添了东方的魅力。这幅图画所表达的远远不只是一种新的时尚潮流。反之，它具有文化内涵。神秘的中国文化吸引了各国人民这一事实，显示了在某种程度上，一种文化可以被国际性地接受、尊重、欣赏和分享。换而言之，一个民族独特的文化可以通过全球性的经济和文化交流走向世界。由于全球化潮流不可阻挡，所以文化交流可以有效增进相互间的理解和友谊。在我看来，我们应该保存和珍惜作为无价精神财富的民族文化。同时，我们很有必要推广世界文化，因为来自其他文化的观点，即使乍看起来相互矛盾或荒谬，但从长远看来，可以为我们观察这个世界提供一种不同的视角。然而，在我们面临不同文化时，应该充满理智地取其精华、去其糟粕。只有这样我们才能积极发展民族文化，并使我们的世界丰富多元、五颜六色、充满活力。When we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. The picture below illustrates the real meaning of love, by stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. As a matter of fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the most sublime of human emotions.As an illustration of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of the deadly earthquake in Sichuan Province. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they canbe it money or goodsto help their needy fellow citizens. Furthermore, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.It is my view that the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place, for, as the picture shows, the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines. (241 words)当我们用到“爱”这个词时，我们不仅仅指对异性的吸引，这是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。下面的图画注解了爱的真正含义，它强调了爱心是情感的力量，不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗，爱心都能支撑我们。事实上，历史上处于不同文化中的人们都把爱当作人类最高尚的情感。举一个例子证明爱心的力量，我们应该记得中国各族人民如何响应号召去支援四川地震中的受难者。尽管他们的收入按照国际标准衡量还是处于低水平，但是全国人民毫不犹豫地尽他们所能捐献不管是钱，还是物品去帮助那些受难的同胞们。并且，他们这么做不考虑自己的得失。我认为，表示爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手，无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样，我们能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方，因为，正如图画所描绘的，悲伤的阴影越黑暗，爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. Regretfully, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.Odd and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.I dare say that our society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”. (219 words)过去几年发生了一个现象：各行各业开始出现了各种各样的承诺。遗憾的是，相当多的承诺纯粹只是空话，正如漫画中的这只母鸡一样，承诺下蛋不见棱见角，并保证有蛋皮、蛋清、蛋黄。尽管这些承诺听起来奇怪有趣，但在全国各地都可以看到听到这样的虚假承诺。管理部门保证不接受任何贿赂，公正有效地履行指责；生产厂家保证生产高质量产品；商业企业发誓提供真货和礼貌热情的服务。在这些所谓的承诺中，除了他们的义务、责任和工作之外，你还能发现任何新的和实质性的东西吗？我想你的答案将是否定的。事实上，他们做这种承诺的目的只是披上华丽的外衣以便取悦并欺骗公众。我认为这个社会正在受到腐败和欺骗的影响，这在物质和道德上都在对社会造成了伤害。但这只母鸡及其同类应该知道：在市场经济体系的激烈竞争中，没人能通过欺诈的言语而生存下去。他们应该牢记这条谚语：“诚实为上策”。Currently, there is a widespread concern regarding the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. As the two graphs obviously portrayed, American population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. A clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural resources.There are a great many causes responsible for the aforementioned tendency. To begin with, to satisfy the space demand for booming population, the only available solution for Americans is to take occupation of forests and grasslands that used to be the habitat of wild animals and plants. In addition, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.In my point of view, the dearth of wild species today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. In order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. Drastic measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed.近年来人们开始普遍关注以前被忽略的人口增长和自然物种减少之间的关系。正如两幅图表显示，1980年的美国人口是1900年的250倍，同时在过去的300年间大约有70种野生生物在美国灭绝。这清楚表明人类给自然物种带来了巨大的负面影响。以上趋势是由诸多原因造成的。首先为了满足迅速增长的人口对于空间的需求，对于美国人来说唯一有效的解决办法就是占据森林和草原，而这些地方曾是野生动植物的栖息地。此外，工业化和城市化的进程造成了严重的污染，在根本上摧毁了环境和生态系统。我认为，今天野生动物种类的灭绝和数量的减少预示着将来人类并不明朗的前景。为了减少物种灭绝，我们应该制定并执行相关的法律法规来保留大部分的原始生态区。同时，我们也应该采取有效的措施来确保消除污染的影响。The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacc