我国旅游业发展现状及对策(原文).docxVIP

Tourism development in China and countermeasuresCAO You-qing, WU You, FEI Li-ya(School of Economics,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079, China)Abstract:Tourism is an important industry in the national economy and has a significant role in promoting the development of national economy and society as a whole.China has abundant natural and human tourismresources but the breadth and depth of domestic tourism is can not meet the needs of the economic development and peoples living standards .So the infrastructure and service facilities domestic tourism industry should be to strengthen use of economic legal administrative measures to strengthen macro- control tourism market fully improve the tourism environment in order to promote economic development better.Key words:Tourism;national economy;tourism status;Development StrategiesAs the market economy development and peoples income levels to further increase awareness of tourism consumption will further increase the demand for domestic tourism industrys position in the national economy and an increasingly important role.According to statistics, in 2009 Chinas total tourismBody to maintain a steady and rapid growth.Annual number of domestic tourists reached 1.902 billion passengers, an increase of 11.1%; income of 1.02 trillion yuan of domestic tourism, an increase of 16.4%; total tourism income of 1.29 trillion yuan, up 11.3% in the context of the financial crisis, Chinas tourism industry in general is still maintained a steady and rapid growth, thus stimulating domestic demand driven by Chinas economic growth.1 the impact of tourism to national economic developmentTourism is an important industry in national economic development, the entire economic and social development are associated with a strategic leading role.Tourism to a countrys economic development is multifaceted, and the development of tourism can not only promote goodInto the economic and social development, increasing national income, earn more foreign exchange for the expansion of the field of employment, the development of related industries is also a huge role.(1) to promote rapid economic development.Tourism revenue is an important indicator of national income, the increase in tourism revenues is bound to increase national income; the other hand, tourism is very broad, will lead to the development of tourism-related industries, thereby increasing the income of related industries.Tourism industry as the third focus is an important part of modern service industry, according to 1959-2009 data in China Statistical Yearbook, tourism value of the proportion of total GDP output value increased year by year, which in 2009 accounted for the added value of Chinas tourism industry GDP, more than 4 percent in 2010, Chinas tourism revenue target is to achieve 1.44 trillion yuan, an increase of 12%.Tourism role for economic growth has become increasingly evident.(2) promote the development of related industries.Tourism is a high correlation of industry, not only to promote the development of material production sectors, but also promote the rapid development of tertiary industry.Only with certain material living conditions for the development of tourism in order to provide better service on the other hand, tourism and consumer spending is the most comprehensive end-consumer, in the total social demand, especially consumer demand plays a very important role .According to the World Tourism Organization estimated that a dollar of direct tourism income can bring 4.5 yuan of revenue related industries, thus the total tourism income of the whole countryHow much revenue is a significant leading role.It is not only for the railway, civil aviation, highway and waterway transportation and hotel accommodations for conveying a large number of tourists, but also for cultural and entertainment about 50% of the contribution rate, on the restaurant industry, retail, contributed more than 40%.(3) to increase foreign exchange earnings.Foreign exchange in a countrys foreign economic relations is very important, China is the worlds foreign exchange reserves than any other country, more emphasis was placed on the foreign exchange earnings.Tourists have to travel to carry out consumer products, save foreign trade of goods during transport, storage and insurance costs, reduced exchange costs; tourist source country or region exports from trade protection, restrictions, free from customs duties impact; tourism foreign exchange easy, no complex product packaging storage and transportation and other import and export procedures.All the advantages of the increased tourism has gradually become an important indicator of foreign exchange earnings.(4) to expand the field of employment.Tourism is a comprehensive consumers labor-intensive service industries, not only the rapid development of its own, but also a very good led the development of related industries, thereby increasing employment opportunities, provide more employment opportunities for visitors to the tourism industryProvide food, shelter, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment, a comprehensive consumption, with most sectors of national economy has a direct or indirect relationships in general, from a direct increase in employment in related industries will increase by 5 jobs can say that tourism can provide the community with a large number of jobs, especially in populous countries like China, a large amount of labor, todays society there are many unemployed people to develop the tourism industry, not only to promote economic development, but also good The number of unemployed relief, employment pressure this social problem.2 Development of Chinas tourism industry(1) single mode of travel.Chinas tourism industry is based on general tourism services are usually based, monotonous activities, lack of direct participation in the activities of visitors, a direct result of the weak attraction attractions, tourists do not want to stay long.Meanwhile, tourism is not high quality, our tourism product is still in the initial development level, yet to be developed.(2) The tourism infrastructure is weak.As Chinas domestic tourism market is huge, domestic tourism service facilities can not keep up the development pace of the expansion of tourism consumers, state investment is relatively small, basically stick to a tour to support tourism, the policy, money and more projects rarely touched, only crude, which facilities are notWhole.Over the past few years, mainly engaged in hotel, restaurant construction, some infrastructure and tourist facilities failed to pay sufficient attention, leading to inter-area traffic is not convenient, street lighting and area lighting in many places within less than(3) competition in the tourism market competition in the disordered state.As the tour operator did not long-term strategic plans, market positioning is not clear, but driven by economic interests, all kinds of unfair competition prevalent in the tourism market.Domestic tourism involving transportation, entertainment, food, business, culture and other departments, not a game of chess concept, decentralized operation between the tourism industry, travel agents, hotel defame each other, especially in a vicious price competition, particularly serious.In order to attract more visitors, some travel agencies only charge the basic cost of the banner ad, or even lose money low prices, seriously affecting the overall image of Chinas tourism.(4) inappropriate tourism development on the increasingly serious negative impact on the environment.With the expansion of the tourism industry, particularly in the current relevant laws and regulations are not perfect in the case of individual travelers to get more profits at the expense of destroying the environment.3 response to the current development of domestic tourism(1) to strengthen domestic tourism infrastructure and service facilities.With the current expansion of domestic demand, increasing investment opportunities, the tourism infrastructure as an important aspect of investment, there are plans to strengthen tourism infrastructure.First, we must raise more money into infrastructure construction, which requires government departments to try to increase investment, but also need to raise funds in private, such as financing, bonds, foreign investment, so as to infrastructure and service facilities to do a pre- conditions Secondly, strengthen the construction of the following aspects: strengthening transport investment to address the bottleneck.Traffic and general traffic to travel to distinguish, let independent operators tourism transportation; development strategy to develop tourism attractions, the overall planning, development and implementation steps, good information on the tourism market forecasts, advertising, and the analysis of the feasibility study to planning and construction and management to overcome the blindness; strengthen the domestic tourism theory, statistical harmonization of domestic tourism, enhance forecasting.(2) diversify tourism products.The rapid expansion of Chinas tourism product mix, more tourists travel to the project selection.Can continue to maintain tourist resort tourism product development, digging out more tourism products: dig culture, and vigorously develop cultural tourism products; to join the WTO as an opportunity to actively develop business tourism products; prominent theme, innovative vigorously develop special tourism products.(3) full use of economic, legal and administrative means to strengthen the tourism markets macro-control.In order to reduce the tourism market vicious competition, so that tourism-related departments into one service for domestic tourism, the state must strengthen macroeconomic management and coordination: The use of economic instruments to price leverage as a basis for the tourism industry in line with the scope of norm