新视野3Unit 5课前预习词汇.doc

新视野3Unit 5课前词汇预习1. gauge V-T If you gauge the speed or strength of something, or if you gauge an amount, you measure or calculate it, often by using a device of some kind. (常指用仪器) 测量例：He gauged the wind at over thirty knots.他测量出风速为30节以上。2.N-COUNT A gauge is a device that measures the amount or quantity of something and shows the amount measured. 测量仪器例：.temperature gauges.温度计。3.V-T If you gauge peoples actions, feelings, or intentions in a particular situation, you carefully consider and judge them. 判定例：His mood can be gauged by his reaction to the most trivial of incidents.他的情绪可以通过他对最琐碎的小事的反应来判定。4.N-SING A gauge of someones feelings or a situation is a fact or event that can be used to judge them. (评价、判断的) 标准例：The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity.这个指数是政府对未来经济活动的主要判断标准。2. suffice1.V-I If you say that something will suffice, you mean it will be enough to achieve a purpose or to fulfil a need. 足够例：A cover letter should never exceed one page; often a far shorter letter will suffice.附信绝不应超过一页；通常一封更短的信就足够了。2.PHRASE Suffice it to say or suffice to say is used at the beginning of a statement to indicate that what you are saying is obvious, or that you will only give a short explanation. 不必多言例：Suffice it to say that afterwards we never met again.不必多言，后来我们再也没见过面。词组短语 同近义词 同根词词根：sufficeadj.sufficient 足够的；充分的adv.sufficiently 充分地；足够地3. prone1.ADJ To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it. 易于 (受某事物影响或做某事) 的例：For all her experience as a television reporter, she was still prone to camera nerves.尽管有丰富的做电视记者的经验，她仍然倾向于在镜头前紧张。2.COMB in ADJ -prone combines with nouns to make adjectives that describe people who are frequently affected by something bad. 易受影响的 (与名词结合构成形容词)例：.the most injury-prone rider on the circuit.赛车道上最容易受伤的车手。3.ADJ If you are lying prone, you are lying on your front. 面朝下的例：Bob slid from his chair and lay prone on the floor.鲍勃从椅子上滑下来，面朝下躺在了地板上。4. dedicate1.V-T If you say that someone has dedicated themselves to something, you approve of the fact that they have decided to give a lot of time and effort to it because they think that it is important. 投身表赞许例：For the next few years, she dedicated herself to her work.随后的几年里，她全身心地投入工作。2.ADJ 投身于的 dedicated例：Hes quite dedicated to his students.他奉献很多给他的学生们。3.V-T If someone dedicates something such as a book, play, or piece of music to you, they mention your name, for example, in the front of a book or when a piece of music is performed, as a way of showing affection or respect for you. (把创作品) 献给例：She dedicated her first album to Woody Allen, who she says understands her obsession.她把她的第一张唱片献给伍迪艾伦，她说艾伦理解她的痴迷。同近义词 同根词词根：dedicateadj.dedicated 专用的；专注的；献身的n.dedication 奉献；献身v.dedicated 以奉献；把用于（dedicate的过去式和过去分词）5. foster1.ADJ Foster parents are people who officially take a child into their family for a period of time, without becoming the childs legal parents. The child is referred to as their foster child. 收养的例：Little Jack was placed with foster parents.小杰克被安置在养父母家。2.V-T If you foster a child, you take it into your family for a period of time, without becoming its legal parent. 收养例：She has since gone on to find happiness by fostering more than 100 children.她此后又通过收养一百多个孩子找到了快乐。3.V-T To foster something such as an activity or idea means to help it to develop. 促进例：He said that developed countries had a responsibility to foster global economic growth to help new democracies.他说发达国家有一种促进全球经济增长以帮助新兴民主国家的责任。6. incentive1.N-VAR If something is an incentive to do something, it encourages you to do it. 鼓励例：There is little or no incentive to adopt such measures.几乎或根本没有鼓励来采取这样的措施。2. adj. 激励的；刺激的7. commonplace1ADJ-GRADED 平常的;不足为奇的 If something is commonplace, it happens often or is often found, and is therefore not surprising. Foreign vacations have become commonplace.去国外度假已经变得很平常了。2N-COUNT 平常的事;司空见惯的事 A commonplace is something that happens often or is often found. Its become a commonplace to see people collapsing from hunger in the streets.现在在街上时不时会看见有人饿晕。3N-COUNT 老生常谈;陈词滥调 A commonplace is a remark or opinion that is often expressed and is therefore not original or interesting. It is a commonplace to say that Northern Ireland is a backwater in the modern Europe.说北爱尔兰是现代欧洲死气沉沉的落后地区已是陈词滥调了。8. innovation1.N-COUNT An innovation is a new thing or a new method of doing something. 新事物; 新方法例：They produced the first vegetarian beanburger an innovation which was rapidly exported.他们制造出第一个素式豆堡包一种被迅速销往国外的新食品。2.N-UNCOUNT Innovation is the introduction of new ideas, methods, or things. 创新; 革新例：We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage innovation.我们必须提倡独创性，激发创造力，鼓励创新。9. revenue1.N-UNCOUNT Revenue is money that a company, organization, or government receives from people. (公司、组织或政府的) 收入例：.a boom year at the movies, with record advertising revenue and the highest ticket sales since 1980.电影业欣欣向荣的一年，广告及票房收入都创下1980年以来的最高纪录。10. simultaneous1.ADJ Things which are simultaneous happen or exist at the same time. 同时的例：.the simultaneous release of the book and the CD.书与激光唱片的同时发行。2.ADV 同时地 simultaneously例：The two guns f