英语专业四级-词汇、语法详细解答_4.doc

专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答 4名词性分句中的虚拟语气虚拟式常用于出现在wish, would rather, suppose, imagine之后的that分句中，表示一种臆想的(通常是不可能发生的)情况。例如：I wish it were spring all the year round.Id rather I were not at the site of the accident.在“Its time + that分句”结构中，that分句中应使用一般过去时。例如：Its time that I went.在If I were you 这一分句中，were不能换成was,应当特殊对待。例如：Were I to do it (If I were to do it), I should rely on you.近义词辨析surprise, amaze, astonish, astound这组词均含有“使人惊奇、惊异”的意思。surprise指因出乎意料的、突然的事或前所未有的人或特殊的事而感到惊讶。It doesnt surprise me that his parents did not allow himto marry beneath him.他的父母不允许他同地位比他低的女子结婚，这并不使我感到惊讶。amaze强调对意外的事感到迷惑，或表示惊叹之情。Hes amazed that she should get promoted over his head.他对她得以迈过他而提升感到惊异。astonish指对很不平常的事大为吃惊，难以置信。It astonished him that his son had been caught cheating in the exams.他的儿子考试作弊被抓住了，这使他大为吃惊。astound强调完全出乎意料，用以往经验知识无法解释，其惊讶程度很强。The enormous changes in the quality of life of the inhabitants astounded us.城镇居民生活质量的巨大变化令我们惊愕。全真模拟试题1. Everyone in the family bullied her and made her do all the chores, she was indeed _.A. CiderellaB. a CinderellaC. the CinderellaD. that Cinderella2. Air is to us _ water to fish.A. likeB. asC. whatD. that3. _ troublesome the problem is, he faces it with patience.A. HoweverB. No matterC. DespiteD. Although4. Peter became angry and said that _.A. he was tired to listen to them B. the listening to them was tired for himC. he was tiring listening to themD. he was tired of listening to them5. Weather _, the picnic will be held as scheduled.A. permitsB. should permitC. will permitD. permitting6. We regret _ you that your subscription is overdue.A. informingB. to informC. being informed D. to be informed7. _ you are a college teacher, you probably have to take your holidays in July and August.A. Since thatB. Since now C. By nowD. Now that8. He had no business _ mixed up in such a matter.A. gettingB. in gettingC. to be gotD. get9. Everybody must observe the rule, not _ the director.A. exceptB.but C. exceptingD. except for10. The texture of the rocks grains were described _“like sugar”.A. as beingB. as isC. as wasD. as if11. The subject of children starving to death is too _to joke about.A. grimB. griefC. shrewdD. snobbish12. We cant just _ these objections off.A. wardB. layC.shrugD. shake13. Children are _ for saying the wrong thing at the wrong time.A.naughtyB. plainC. versatileD. notorious14. Lets _ the bird from the case.A. liberateB. putC. setD. free15. She regarded the burglary as a(n) _ of her home.A. invasionB. suppressionC. violationD. theft16. I telephoned this afternoon, but nobody _ .A. repliedB. respondedC. returnedD. answered17. The _ of my paper on animal communication includes a book on whale songs.A. biographyB. preface C. introductionD. bibliography18. Many experts _ a lowprotein, highcarbonhy drate diet.A. promptB. advocateC. inherentD.claim19. The medical centers annual fee is _ , covering all visits and services.A. indicativeB. indefiniteC. inclusiveD. integral20. Dominic is the most _ pupil in class.A. individualB. industrialC. indulgent D. industrious21. Mr. Morgan gradually _ a knowledge of the subject.A. attainedB. requiredC. acquiredD. enquired22. Though steam engines have now passed the _ of their usefulness, their heritage remains.A. primeB. eraC. epochD. date23. What he said just now had little to do with the question _discussion.A. withB. underC. byD. over24. Molten iron is poured into the mixer in the same way _tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.A. asB.thatC. sinceD. like25. The Russians also burned their farms and _ their dams and power plants.A. blew upB. blew offC. blew outD. blew over1. B)【句意】家中的每个人都欺侮她，叫她做所有的家务，她真是个灰姑娘。【难点】Cinderella源于童话灰姑娘,现已成为专有名词。2 C)【句意】空气对于我们来说就像水对于鱼一样。【难点】固定句型A is to B what C is to D.3 A)【句意】无论问题多么麻烦，他都耐心地去面对。【难点】however=no matter how, 意为“不管”。4 D)【句意】彼得非常生气，并说他很讨厌他们说话。【难点】sb be tired of doing sth意为“某人厌倦做某事”。5 D)【句意】若天气允许的话，野餐将如期进行。【难点】“Weather permitting”作为独立结构，意为“如果天气允许的话”，也可以用“if weather permits”。6 B)【句意】我们很遗憾地通知你，你的订单已经过期。【难点】“We regret to inform you”意为“我们很遗憾地通知你”。7 D)【句意】既然你是个大学老师，你大概不得不在七、八月份休假。【难点】now that=since, 意为“既然”。8 A)【句意】他没有理由卷入这件事情。【难点】getting为get的现在分词形式，与mixed up构成现在分词短语，修饰business，作定语。9 B)【句意】每个人都要遵守规则，主任也不例外。【难点】but=except,not but意为“不除之外”。10 A)【句意】岩石的纹理结构被描述为“像糖”。【难点】be described as 意为“被形容为”。11 A)【句意】儿童饿死这一话题太无情，不该拿来开玩笑。【难点】grim意为“无情的，冷酷的，可怕的”；grief是名词，意为“悲伤，悲痛”；shrewd意为“机灵的，精明的”；snobbish意为“势力的，媚上欺下的”。12 C)【句意】我们不能对这些反对意见不予理睬。【难点】shrug off 意为“对满不在乎，对不屑一顾”；ward off意为“避开，挡开，避免”；lay off 意为“停止打扰；不理会；戒绝”；shake off 意为“抖落，摆脱”。13 D)【句意】孩子们常在错误的时间说错话，这一点众所周知。【难点】notorious意为“坏方面闻名的，臭名昭著的”，后接介词for；naughty 意为“顽皮的，淘气的；plain意为“明白的，清楚的”；versatile意为“多才多艺的，有多方面才能的”。14 D)【句意】咱们把鸟从笼子里放了吧。【难点】free意为“使自由；释放”，常与from连用；liberate意为“释放”；put不能和from连用；set后面接from的时候还要加free，即set free from.15 C)【句意】她认为入室偷盗是侵犯家宅的行为。【难点】violation意为“侵犯（行为），妨碍（行为）；invasion意为“侵犯，侵害”，尤其隐私和个人权力；suppression 意为“压制，镇压”；theft意为“偷窃，失窃”。16 D)【句意】我今天下午打了电话，但没有人接。【难点】answer the telephone意为“接电话”，是习惯用法。reply是“回答，答复”，后接介词to；respond意为“应答”，后面也接介词to;return意为“返还”。17 D)【句意】我那篇有关动物交际的论文的参考书目中包括一本关于鲸语言的书。【难点】bibliography意为“书目；作品目录”；biography意为“传记”；preface意为“序言，前言，开场白”；introduction 意为“导言，开场白”。18 B)【句意】许多专家提倡低蛋白、高碳水化合物的饮食。【难点】advocate意为“拥护；主张；提倡”;prompt 意为“促使；激励；鼓舞”；inherent是形容词，意为“内在的，固有的，本来就有的”；claim意为“声称；认领；自称”。19 C)【句意】医疗中心的年度费用是包括一切的，含所有检查和服务费用。【难点】inclusive意为“包含一切的”；indicative意为“暗示的，暗指的”，后接介词of;indefinite意为“不明确的，含糊的，不清楚的”；integral意为“构成整体所必需的；固有的”。20 D)【句意】多米尼克是班上最勤奋的学生。【难点】industrious意为“勤劳的，勤奋的”；individu