选修7 unit 3知识点.doc

Book 7 unit 3 Under the sea 重点单词 1. witness vt. 当场看到，目击，见证 witness sth eg1. The year 1949 witnessed （1949年见证了）the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China.n. 目击者，证人be a witness to sth 目击某事，是。的目击者appear as a witness for sb 出庭为某人作证give witness to sth 做。的证人、证据give witness on behalf of sb 替某人作证eg2. His good health is a witness to （他健康的身体证明）the success of the treatment.Eg3 He is the witness to the accident.（他是事故的目击者）Eg4.The old man gave witness on behalf of an accused person.(为被告作证)Eg5.The witness （目击者）who witnessed the accident（目击了这场事故） gave witness to the police（向警察提交了证据） and promised to be a witness .（作证人）Eg6.2010 witnessed Premier Wen doing morning exercises together with some Japanese in Tokyo.(2010年温总理在东京与当地人一起晨练。)Eg7.We are witnessing the development of yucai high school.（我们亲眼见到育才高中的发展）2. accommodation n.住宿，住所 accommodations (US)(食宿，住宿) Eg1.The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for graduates in big cities.(昂贵的住宿费使得大城市的毕业生生活困难) make/ offer accommodations for 为。提供食宿arrange ones accommodation 给某人安排住处 eg2.The university offers excellent accommodations for students.(为学生提供很好的食宿) eg3.The travel agency always makes the worst accommodations for travelers.(旅行社总是为游客提供最差的食宿)3.opposite 1) prep. 在。对面，面对某人、某物 opposite (to) sb/sth eg1. I stood opposite to him. 我站在他的对面 eg2. The school is opposite the supermarket.学校在超市对面 2) n. 反义词，对立的事物、人 Eg3. Hot and cold are opposites.热和冷是一对反义词。 Eg4. Light is the opposite of heavy. 轻是重的反义词。 Eg5. He is honest and hardworking, but his twin brother is the complete opposite.（恰恰相反） 3) adj. be opposite to sh/sb 相对的，相反的。 Eg6. The key is on the opposite page. （答案在反面） Eg7. The two lovers walk in the opposite directions.（朝相反的方向走） Eg8. I could see smoke coming out of the window of the house opposite.（我看见烟从对面房子的窗户出来）4. pause vi/n. 暂停，中止 Eg1.you had better pause to consider the matter. A pause in sth 在。过程中停顿一下 without pause 不停地 Eg2. There was a long pause before she answered.（她停了好一阵才回答） Eg3. He slipped out during a pause in the conversation.( 谈话中暂停时) Eg4. The boy spoke without pause /pausing.(不停地)5.flee vi/vt 逃跑，逃离 (fled/fled) Flee (from). Flee to/into Eg1. During the civil war thousands of people fled their motherland(逃离了国家),and the decided to flee to another country.( 逃往另一个国家) Eg2. You should not flee from responsibility.(逃避责任)The enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions , (四处逃窜)but few of them could escape.（逃脱掉）6.urge vt.催促，极力主张 urge sb to do sth/ urge sb into doing sth 催促某人做某事 urge that sb should do sth Its urged that sb should do sth 极力主张，强调Eg1. Its urged that the food price should be controlled.（食品价格要控制）Eg2.They urged that the library be kept open during the vacation.(要求图书馆在假期应该开放)n. 强烈的欲望，冲动 have an urge to do sth有做某事的欲望、冲动eg3.The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.(很想旅行)7.abandon v. 1) 放弃，抛弃 abandon ones hope/ plan/ idea 放弃某人的希望、计划、注意abandon doing sth 放弃做某事abandon sb 抛弃了某人eg1. The cruel man abandoned his wife and children.（抛弃了他的妻子和孩子）eg2. He abandoned learning English. 他放弃学英语。2) 使沉溺于 abandon oneself to sth = be addicted to doing sth Eg3.She abandoned herself to despair. (她陷于绝望之中) Eg4. The boy abandoned himself to computer games那个孩子沉溺于网络游戏。n.放纵，放任 with abandon 放纵的，肆意地8.reflect v. 1)His face was reflected in the mirror. 2)The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight. 3) He had time to reflect on his successes and failures. 4) Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community.总结：1）镜子映出某人的影像 reflect sth in sth eg1. The trees are reflected in a lake.（树映在湖里） 2) 反射 eg. The reflected light 3) 表现某事物的性质，表达 eg3 The literature of a period reflects its values and tastes.(反映该时期的价值观念和审美观念)4）思考 reflect on/upon sth eg4 The manager reflected long on my advice.(对我的建议沉思良久) Eg5 I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life. (我经常思考人生的美丽与复杂)9.scare 受惊吓，恐吓 be scared to death 吓得要死 sb be scared of sth 害怕某事，害怕做某事 sb be scared to do sth 因为害怕而不敢做某事 scare sb into doing sth 吓得某人做某事 scare sb out of doing sth 吓得某人不敢做某事 scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑Eg1. You scared me by coming in so quietly. 你这么悄悄进来吓了我一跳。Eg2. The dog scared the thief away by barking. 狗大声吠叫把小偷吓走。Eg3.she is scared of going out alone at night. 害怕晚上单独出去。Eg4 Most girls are scared to take rides. 不敢坐车乘。Eg5.The robbers scared her into handing over the keys and scared her out of telling the police.（抢劫者恐吓她交出钥匙并不许报警）10.be / become aware of 对。明白，意识到。 be/ become aware that as far as I am aware 据我所知 Eg1. He was fully aware of the importance of learning English.(她十分明白学好英语的重要性) Eg2.he was not aware that he had made a serious mistake. （他没有意识到自己已犯了一个严重的错误）Eg3. 你知道是什么时候了吗？Are you aware of the time?Eg4.事情在我不知不觉中发生了。It happened without my being aware of it.10. upside down. 上下翻转，乱七八糟 inside out 里面翻转过来，里外颠倒 Eg1. The child is holding the book upside down. 倒拿着书。 Eg2. Tom hung his picture upside down. 把他的照片挂到了。 Eg3. The beautiful scenery is reflected upside down in the lake.(倒映在湖水中)11. help out 帮助某人摆脱困境 Eg1. She is always willing to help out .(总是乐于助人) help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb to do sth / help sb do sth cant help dong sth 情不自禁做某事 cant help but do sth 不得不做某事 cant help do sth/to do sth 不能帮忙做某事 help oneself to sth 随便自己动手吃，用 。 with the help of Eg2.She couldnt help laughing when she heard it.(情不自禁笑起来) Eg3Can you help me out with the math problems? (帮我解答出)重点句型1. And then Old Tom was off and back to the hunt where the other killers were still attacking the whale. Where 在句中引导定语从句，先行词是 the hunt， where在从句中作地点状语。 Eg1 This is the place where I was born. (定语从句) Eg2. Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.（主语从句） Eg3.You shouldnt leave the medicine where kids can get it.（状语从句）Eg4. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree （表语从句）翻译：1.我们还未解决在哪里见面的问题。We havent settled the problem where we would meet.2. 南京市他出生和成长的地方。Nanjing is where he was born and grew up.2.I am sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic! With 的复合结构：1） with+ n. + adj. eg. When he is eating , he doesnt speak with his mouth full of food.（满嘴食物）2） With+n.+adv. Eg. With the breakfast over, the boy hurried to school.（吃完早饭）3） With+ n. + prep. Eg. The teacher came in with books under her arms.（胳膊底下夹着书）4） With+n.+ to do sth Eg. With a lot of homework to do, I cant go out with you.（有很多作业要做）5） With+n.+ doing eg. He sat in the classroom with his eyes looking out of the window.（眼睛望着窗外）6） With + n. + done Eg. He went out to play with the work done.（做完了工作）3. Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. Seeing 现在分词作原因状语。 Eg1. Being ill, he didnt go to school today.(生病了) Eg2. Seeing nobody at home, the thief decided to break in.（看见家里没人）Eg3.Seeing from the appearance, we can spot their differences easily.（从表面看）Eg4 Seen from the space, the earth is truly beautiful. (从太空看)4. Then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, which suddenly appeared from behind some coral. 独立主格结构： n/pron + adj./ adv/ n/ prep phrase n/pron +doing / done n/pron +to do sth eg1. The old man sat in the sofa, his face serious.(表情严肃)Eg2. He came in , a dictionary in his hand.（手里拿着字典）Eg3. The thief fell to the ground , his left foot broken (摔断)and blood running down from his mouth.（从嘴角流出） Eg4. There being no taxi,（没有出租车）, we had to walk. (there)Eg5. The work done,（ 工作完成后），we went home. (do)1. Many people _the car accident, so it was not difficult to investigate.A witnessed B appreciated C swallowed D drugged 2.I thought the medicine would make him sleep well, but it had the _effect. A better B practical C opposite D basic 3. The owner of the shop asked his assistant to _the pears that can be thrown away. A work out B make out C sort out D figure out 4. When we watched the national flag _in the Olympic Games on Tv, we raised a cheer. A to rise B being raised C raised D being raised 5.We havent discussed yet _we are going to place out new furniture. A that B which C what D where 6. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A where B who C which D what 7.Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _his personality. A resembles B strengthens C reflects D shapes 8. It was several minutes before I was _what was happening. A aware B concerned C tired D ashamed 9. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94 . We were only _ beaten.A nearly B slightly C narrowly D lightly 10.She was scared_ the yard because she was scared _ by the fierce dog _at the gate. A to go into; to be bitted; lay B of going into ; to bite; laying C of going into; to be bitten ; lay D to go into ; of being bitten; lying11.But for the help of my English teacher, I _the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A would not win B would not have won C would win D would have won