浅析中式英语形成原因及特点.doc

浅析中式英语形成原因及特点（论文）院（部）系外语学院所 学 专 业英语翻译年级、班级2012级英语翻译2班小组成员聂庆源、李琴、黄芬、 刘杨指导教师石玉 2014年 12 月10日Chinglish is described asEnglish with Chinese characteristics. It is one of the major problems that affect adversely the quality of Chinese-English translation and its existence influences Chinas publicities to the outside world. The purpose of this thesis is to explain some of the most common errors made by Chinese , as well as students translating into English from Chinese, who perhaps have trouble creating natural English expressions when at the mercy of Chinglish words and structures. I hope Chinese find this equally helpful. （这段先写的是中式英语面临现状，其次说写这篇论文的目的Chinglish refers to spoken or written English language that is influenced by the Chinese language.The term Chinglish is commonly applied to ungrammatical or nonsensical English in Chinese contexts, and may have pejorative or deprecating connotations.Other terms used to describe the phenomenon include Chinese English, China English, and Sinicized English.The degree to which a Chinese variety of English exists or can be considered legitimate is disputed.（这一段时下定义的）Causes 原因分条列举并附上例子l Lack of inclusion of native speakers of English in the translation or editing process.这里还需举些例子l Dictionary translation: translating Chinese to English word for word.3.for example:国际关系民主化International relations should be democratized. The right translation:Democracy should be practiced in international relations;你的手表不对.Your watch is not correct.the right translation:Your watch doesnt keep good time. l Use of machine translation or word-for-word translation from a dictionary with no post-editing .Competently translated text which has been subsequently edited by non-native speakers.这里还需举些例子l Linguistic differences and mother tongue interference.这里还需举些例子l Different thinking patterns and culture.这里还需举些例子7.Outdated Chinese-English dictionaries and textbook-style English.8.Mediocre English-language teaching and lack of English-language environment 这里还需举些例子Features(谈谈中式英语的特点)1.Cultural meanings. The English idiom work like a horse means work hard, but in China horses are rarely used as draft animals and the equivalent Chinese expression uses shuiniu 水牛 water buffalo.2.Problems of direct translation. Some Chinglish menus translate doufu 豆腐 as bean curd, which sounds very unappetizing to English speakers, instead of tofu.3.Wordiness. Unnecessary words and convoluted sentences are hallmarks of Chinglish translation. For example, the Civil Aviation Administration of China announced, CAAC has decided to start the business of advance booking and ticketing”, which could simply say “CAAC now accepts advance booking and ticketing.”4.Wrong word order. A host in Shenyang toasted a group of foreign investors with Up your bottoms! instead of Bottoms up! Chinglish reflects the influence of Chinese syntax and grammar.For instance, Chinese verbs are not necessarily conjugated and there is no equivalent article for English the, both of which can create awkward translations.Examples（举些实例,如果字数不够还可以多写写例子，你懂得)To take notice of safe: The slippery are very crafty.To take notice of safe: The slippery are very crafty. A comparable sign in a Beijing garage reads Zhuyi anquan podaolu hua (注意安全 坡道路滑 Pay attention to safety The ramp is slippery).Bumf Box for shouzhi xiang (手纸箱 toilet paper box/case), employs the outmoded British English word bumf, which is a shortened form of bumfodder toilet paper; useless documentsSpread to fuck the fruit is a Chinese supermarket sign mistranslation of sn gngu (simplified Chinese: 散干果; traditional Chinese: 散乾果; literally loose dried fruits). Warning sign in Chinese and Chinglish, found in a park in Guilin, Guangxi, China. This picture is wholly my own work, and it may be used as per the tag below:雷雨天气，请勿登山！Translated：Lighting-prone area.Please do not climbing.A sign for tourists in Sichuan: Slip carefully. (小心滑倒 Be careful not to slip and fall)No painting / no whooplaWhen trying to translate “请勿涂画喧哗” someone came up with “No painting / no whoopla.” When run through several translating websites, “涂画” becomes “paint a painting” or “scribble, draw, daub.” 喧哗s definitions come up as varied as “confused noise,” “clamor; hubbub,” “uproar; to make a racket,” and, the most outdated suggestion: “brouhaha; hullabaloo.” Jinshan Ciba, a very popular Chinese/English online translation site comes up with “a hue and cry,” “blatancy,” “hullabaloo,” “shindy,” and, at last, “whoopla.” Google Translate provides “do not paint/noise” while Pleco, an iPhone App, helpfully adds that when placed after “请勿” (please dont) “喧哗” means “Please keep quiet (a sign in a public place).” Therefore, a more fitting but much less amusing translation would be “No Graffiti / Quiet Please.” Although “whoopla” (“boisterous merrymaking” according to Merriam Webster) is not technically an incorrect translation, using such an old-fashioned, silly-sounding word might fail to produce the desired effect, especially given that these signs commonly appear in museums, temples, and cemeteriesChinglish phrases 大片* big movie(chinglish) blockbuster(idiomatic English) 早恋 * early love(chinglish) puppy love(idiomatic English) 方便面 * convenient noodles (chinglish) instant noodles(idiomatic English) 拳头产品 * fist product (chinglish) knockout product(idiomatic English) 新闻自由 * freedom of news; (chinglish) freedom of press(idiomatic English) 买一赠一 * Buy one, present one. (chinglish) Buy one, get one free(idiomatic English)Chinglish sentences上海的交通很拥挤。*Shanghais traffic is very crowded. The traffic is very heavy in Shanghai. 新学期已经过去一个多月了。 *Our new term has passed one month and more. More than one month has passed since the new term began.How to Avoid Chinglish? 吕叔湘先生在中国人学英语一书中指出：“我相信，对于中国学生最有用的帮助是让他认识英语和汉语的差别，在每一个具体问题词形、词义、语法范畴、句子结构、都尽可能用汉语的情况来跟英语做比较，让他通过这种比较得到更深刻的领会。此处需要翻译成英语1. listening to English radio more and reading more original English works.while read original english works,we could use the method of reverse or back translation,we should notice to collect sentences,phrases and the words,and see how to use in original english works.“新世纪即将到来之际”,there are many sayings in english newspaper and news,we can collect them.“As the new century approaches”“On the verge of the new century”“At the dawn of the new century”“As the new century is just round the corner”2. Cultivating the strong interest in english language. To cultivate the strong interest in english language,we should study the persons with english as mother tongue in the expression way of different occasions for everything at anywhere.“凭票入场”the western people often say “Admission is by ticket only”According to this usage,we could translate “凭柬上观礼台”into “Admission by card only” In a word,various english materials,advertisements and road signs and so on,maybe the materials of english learning.3. Learning new words In order to catch up with the times that develop fast,we must study knowledge and the vocabularies of new appearance constantly.As following examples：IlliberalDemocracy 反自由的民主A not-profit group 非盈利集团Hedge Found 对冲基金If we want to avoid Chinglish, translators need to raise the general quality, especially language qualities. It also asks for us not only to be good at Chinese but also as well as English.5. Getting rid of the restraint with literality of Chinese.It is accustomed to from the angle of English reader, according to the habit of the English expression.We should express the meaning of original with distinct writing“维护世界和平是大有希望的”“To maintain would peace is very hopeful”(Chinglish) This sentence basically is translated for word by word.“The prospect forward peace is very bright”(idiomatic Englis