状语从句(高一).docx

状语从句考点讲解(高一英语）对状语从句的考查主要体现在连词的选择、时态的正确使用以及状语从句中的省略。因此，根据语境选用合适的连词、注意主从句时态的呼应、搞清状语从句中省略的要求和用法是解题的关键。【考点导航】1. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get it. (2008山东)A. even if B. which C. where D. so that2. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ to arrive. (2008全国I)A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected3. Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes. _, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. (2008安徽) A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible答案与解析：1. C。where 引导地点状语从句，意为“在的地方”；even if意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；so that意为“以至于”，引导结果状语从句；which不能引导状语从句。2. A。根据主从句时态呼应原则，主句中使用一般将来时，状语从句中应使用现在时表示将来，可排除D项。“冷锋”应该是“被料到”会到来，故应使用被动语态。3. D。If ever意思是“如果有过的话（如果发生过的话）”；If busy根据题意应该是If I am busy的省略，与下文语意矛盾；If anything意思是“更可能的是，总之”；If possible意思是“如果可能的话”，是If it is possible的省略。【重点归纳】一、时间状语从句常用来引导时间状语从句的关联词有as, when, whenever, while, before, after, until等。如：1. Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.注意：whenever引导时间状语从句，应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。2. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation before it got worse.注意：before 引导时间状语从句时，如果主句用将来时，则从句用现在时；如果从句用过去时，主句多用过去完成时或一般过去时。另外，immediately, the instant, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, every time, the first time, by the time等也可直接引导时间状语从句。二、地点状语从句常用来引导地点状语从句的关联词有where，wherever等。如：The famous scientist grew up where he was born, and in 1930, he came to Shanghai.注意：where引导地点状语从句，意为“在的地方”；wherever引导地点状语从句时，意为“无论在哪里”。三、原因状语从句常用来引导原因状语从句的关联词有because, as, since, now that, for等。如： The Italian boy was regarded as a hero because he gave his life for his country. 注意：because通常表示直接的、主要的原因，从句通常置于句尾，也可置于句首，语气比较强；as和since表示明显的、已知的原因，从句通常放在句首；for表示补充说明或推测的原因，通常用于正式文体，从句必须后置，且必须用标点符号和主句分开。四、结果状语从句常用来引导结果状语从句的关联词有so that , such that 等。如：We were in such an anxious rush when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. 注意：结果状语从句常由so that 或such that 引导。such修饰的中心词（组）是名词（组）；so修饰的中心词（组）是形容词（组）或副词（组）。五、目的状语从句常用来引导目的状语从句的关联词有that, so that, in order that, in case等。从句的谓语常由“can / could，may / might + 动词原形”构成。如：Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report so that her boss could read it the next morning.【难点辨析】so that既可引导目的状语从句也可引导结果状语从句，它们的区别如下：1. 目的状语从句反映一种意愿、一种可能性；结果状语从句则是一种事实。试比较：Im going to take an early bus so that Ill get there on time.（目的）I took an early bus so that I got there on time.（结果）2. 目的状语从句多用can, may, will, could, might等情态动词；结果状语从句表示客观事实，所以用陈述语气，从句中常无情态动词；有时则需根据句子意思来辨别。试比较：We planted many shrubs so that the garden should / might look more beautiful.（目的）We planted many shrubs, so that the garden soon looked more beautiful.（结果）He spoke loudly so that everybody could hear him.（结果 / 目的 ）六、条件状语从句 常用来引导条件状语从句的关联词有if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that等。如： I will come to see you if I have time. 注意：条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态，而用一般现在时或现在完成时。要注意条件状语从句中的省略情况。状语从句的省略原则是：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致或是it，从句中谓语动词含有be的形式，通常可把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（be）省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。如：I will buy a DVD set if (it is) necessary.七、让步状语从句 常用来引导让步状语从句的关联词有though, although, even if / though, whatever, whichever, whether or, no matter who等。如：Mr Wang understands that although math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. 注意：当句中有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。as / though引导的让步状语从句常可将表语或状语（名词、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词）提前构成倒装；句首是名词时，不能带冠词。如：Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Clever as he is, he cant solve the problem.八、方式状语从句常用来引导方式状语从句的关联词有as, as if though, the way, how，as as等。如：They completely ignore these facts as if / as though they never existed. 注意：as if, as though引出的状语从句，其谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大，意为“仿佛似的”，如：It looks as if the weather may get better very soon.基础练习一.选择填空。1. The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2. The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until3. I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; toC. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to5 .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is6 .They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought ,C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought 11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rangC. watch; rings D. are watching; rang14. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish readingC. had finish to read D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; goneC. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17.I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20.ZhaoLan _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying1. 参考答案B. 固定结构not.until “直到.才”。2. 参考答案D. 固定结构not.until “直到.才”。固定短语go to bed“上床睡觉”。3. 参考答案B. 固定结构not.until “直到.才”。4. 参考答案A . 固定结构not.until “直到.才”。be satisfied with sth“对.满意”.5. 参考答案D. 直到工作被做完，他才回来。所以工作做完的动作先发生，他回来的动作后发生。其他选项的时态不对。6. 参考答案A. 固定结构not.until “直到.才”。7. 参考答案C. as soon as 引导条件状语从句时，时态用主将从现。arrive 是不及物动词， 所以要跟介词in或at，上海是大城市，所以用in。8. 参考答案D. before“在.之前”，他离开北京是条件从句，所以用主将从现。9. 参考答案B. as soon as 引导条件状语从句时，时态用主将从现。一般现在时中，主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用单三形式，故为comes.10. 参考答案D. 他已经拥有这块表2年了