存在问题,专八写作句型,汉译英技巧练习,阅读技巧.doc

问题所在: 已经建了群，在征询同学们意见后，发现多数同学问题集中在写作，阅读和汉译英上，因此有针对性的选择了资料并已发送到群共享，供他们方便下载。上海外语教育出版社出版的英语专业八级考试模拟试题集也已经向他们推荐，让他们按照自己的需求购买。后续还会有一些其他的资料上传。专八写作黄金句型以下是专四专八写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的12个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。1.表示原因1）Therearethreereasonsforthis.2）Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3）Thereasonforthisisobvious.4）Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5）Thereasonforthisisthat.例如：Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly，peopleslivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved. Secondly，mostpeoplearewellpaid，andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike. Lastbutnotleast，moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife.2.表示好处1）Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2）Itdoesusalotofgood.3）Itbenefitsusquitealot.4）Itisbeneficialtous.5）Itisofgreatbenefittous.例如：Booksarelikefriends. Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter，andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons. Therefore，readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.3.表示坏处1）Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.2）Itdoesusmuchharm.3）Itisharmfultous.例如：However，everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous.Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevi-sion.4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1）Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsb.todosth.2）Wethinkitnecessarytodosth.3）Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife.例如：Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere，whetherinthegovernment，inschoolsorinbusiness.Soon，computerswillbefoundineveryhome，too.WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge.5.表示措施1）Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.2）Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome（conquer）thedifficulties.3）Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth.4）Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted（faced）with.例如：Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Therefore，wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit.6.表示变化1）Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.2）Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworldscommunications.3）Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.例如：Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeoplesdietinthepastfiveyears.Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek.Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein，andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins.7.表示事实、现状1）Wecannotignorethefactthat.2）Noonecandenythefactthat.3）Thereisnodenyingthefactthat.4）Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin.5）However，thatsnotthecase.例如：Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution.Tosolvetheseproblems，wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazardsofpollution.Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenvironment.8.表示比较1）ComparedwithA，B.2）IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.3）Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem.例如：Comparedwithcars，bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable.Firstly，theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetroleum.Secondly，theydonotcausethepollutionproblem.Lastbutnotleast，theycontributetopeopleshealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise.9.表示数量1）Ithasincreased（decreased）from.to.2）Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased（decreased）to800，000.3）TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15comparedwiththatofJanuary.例如：Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandard，theproportionofpeoplesincomespentonfoodhasdecreasedwhilethatspentoneducationhasincreased.再如：Fromthegraphlistedabove，itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000.10.表示看法1）Peoplehave（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudestowardssth.2）Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.3）Peopletakedifferentviewsof（on）thequestion.4）Somepeoplebelievethat.Othersarguethat.例如：Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure.Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess.Everyfailuretheyexperiencetranslatesintoagreaterchanceofsuccessattheirrenewedendeavor.However，othersareeasilydiscouragedbyfailuresandputthemselvesintothecategoryoflosers.本文是一篇专四专八写作模拟范文。要提高写作水平需要日复一日的积累和持之以恒的训练初学写作的同学首先可参照一些较好范文，学习其选词用句之好，取其精华去其槽粕，然后结合一些写作技巧勤加练习，相信不久即可形成自己一定的行文风格了：题目：Somepeopleprefertoeatatfoodstandsorrestaurants.Otherpeopleprefertoprepareandeatfoodathome.Whichdoyouprefer?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.参考范文：Somepeopleliketoeatoutatfoodstandsandrestaurants,whileothersliketopreparefoodathome.Oftenitdependsonthekindoflifestylepeoplehave.Thosewithverybusyjobsoutsidethehousedontalwayshavetimetocook.Theyliketheconvenienceofeatingout.Overall,though,itischeaperandhealthiertoeatathome.Whileeatinginrestaurantsisfast,themoneyyouspendcanaddup.WhenIhavedinneratrestaurantwithafriend,thebillisusuallyovertwentydollars.Icanbuyalotofgrocerieswiththatmuchmoney.Evenlunchatafast-foodstandusuallycostsfiveorsixdollarsforoneperson.Thatsenoughtofeedthewholefamilyathome.Eatingathomeisbetterforyou,too.Mealsatrestaurantsareoftenhighinfatandcalories,andtheyservebigplatesoffood-muchmorefoodthanyouneedtoeatatonemeal.Ifyoucookfoodathome,youhavemorecontrolovertheingredients.Youcanusemargarineinsteadofbutteronyourpotatoes,ornotputsomuchcheeseontopofyourpizza.Athome,youcancontrolyourportionsize.Youcanserveyourselfaslittleasyouwant.Inarestaurant,youmayeatafullplateoffoodbecauseyoupaidforit.Itstruethateatingoutisconvenient.Youdonthavetoshop,orcook,orcleanup.Butrealhomecookingdoesnthavetotakealotoftime.Therearelotsofsimplemealsthatdonttakelongtomake.Infact,theyrefasterthaneatingout,especiallyifyouthinkofthetimeyouspenddrivingtoarestaurant,parking,waitingforatable,waitingforservice,anddrivinghome.Botheatingatrestaurantsandcookingathomecanbesatisfying.Bothcantastegoodandbeenjoyedwithfamilyandfriends.Iprefercookingathomebecauseofthemoneyandhealthissues,butpeoplewillmakethechoicethatfitstheirlifestylebest.专八翻译50成语习语1. 铁石心肠cruel and unrelenting2.置死地于后生a vigorous and manly exertion3.千秋功业 a great undertaking of lasting importance4.安居乐业 live in peace and work happily5.骨肉分离 family separation6.各得其所 be properly provided for7.众议纷纭 disagree on8.岁月不居，来日苦短 Time does not stay is brief is the day.9.夜长梦多 A long delay may mean trouble.10.时不我与 Time and tide wait for no man.11.依时顺势 keep up with the tide12.日渐没落 being pushed out of business13.鹬蚌相争 play A off against B14.浩然之气 noble spirit15.凤毛麟角 a rarity of the rarities16.望而生畏 stand in awe before17.敬而远之 keep respectfully aloof from18.众矢之的 in the dock19.毫无瓜葛 be divorced from20.尔虞我诈 sheer cunning and falsehood21.备受推崇 be rewarded and respected22.善有善报，恶有恶报 the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished23.其乐融融 sweetness and light24.义无反顾 feel obliged to25.物美价廉 attractive in price and quality26.源源不断 keep flowing in a steady stream27.滚滚不息 pour into28.福祉 well-being29.精华 quintessence30.阴霾 specter31.势不两立 pit sth against sth32.打折扣 wear thin / water down33.大展宏图 score big points34.重整旗鼓 shock sth back to life35.不谋而合 coincide with36.染指 dip ones finger in37.博大精深 both extensive and profound38.源远流长 long-standing and well-established39.诸子百家 the masters hundred schools40.天下为公 All under heaven are equal.41.天下兴亡，匹夫有责 Everybody is responsible for the fate of his country.42.吃苦耐劳 bear hardships43.勤俭持家 frugality in household management44.尊师重教 respect teachers and value education45.当务之急 highest priority46.遭受重创 take a heavy toll47.先见之明 prescient move48.奇园古宅 exotic gardens and old mansions49.衣食住行 clothing, food, shelter and transportation50.信誓旦旦 be poised to专八翻译练习1. 他们对我真好。 2. 好了，这下可麻烦了。 3. 这个问题好回答。 4. 人人尽说江南好，游人只合江南老。 5. 楚王好细腰。 6. 她身材苗条，形容娇好。 7.论事业，他是个好丈夫；论脾气，她是个好妻子。 答案： 1. They are really kind to me. 2. Well, we are in for trouble now. 3. This question is easy to answer. 4. Everybody says Jiangnan is a place quite fair, Wanderers will wander no more after being there. 5. The king of Cu liked the slender waist person. 6. She is slim and beautiful. 7. He is a successful husband in his business and she is a tender wife in her nature.专八阅读技巧此文笔者想给大家谈谈怎样解决八级考试中的阅读问题：?A、 找出段落的中心思想任何阅读材料都有主要意思，即大意(main idea)。文字材料的大意有不同的层次。一个比较长的句子可以说很多事情，但一般只有一个大意，可以用几个词概括；一个段落包括很多句子，但也只有一个大意，通常是段落的主题句(topic sentence)包含段落的大意。通常人们说“大意”指的是整篇材料的中心思想。?非小说体的阅读材料通常有比较明显的大意，其结构也比较清楚。文章的开头部分(introduction)会比较明确地指出文章的中心思想。文章主体部分的每一段也往往有主题句，通常在段首或段尾。有些文章的结尾还会对全文作一个总的概括。?B、 如何对待阅读中的词汇问题?阅读过程中不可避免地要遇到生词。大纲中规定允许有3%的生词，也就是说2000个词中允许有60个左右的生词，但一般不会有这么多的生词。有的人一遇到生词就停下来查字典，有的则读完一两页后查字典，有的人则完全不管生词。其实阅读中遇到生词只要不影响你对篇章主要意思的理解，一般应该继续往下读。如果生词的确影响你对内容的理解，查字典当然是一种办法，但很不方便，而且频繁地查字典不仅影响阅读速度，而且影响对文章内容的整体理解。所以在平时阅读时，遇生词最好的方法是通过上下文猜测。以下几条建议可帮助你猜测词义：?（）看看上下文中有没有生词的另一种说法，即找同义词。有时上下文会对一个生词作解释，或者提供一些暗示。?（）看看生词在文章中的词性，即看这个词是名词、动词、形容词、副词或其他词类。另外再看看这个词在文中与哪些词搭配使用，再根据自己的其他知识，就可以进行正确的猜测。（）分析生词的构成，尤其是词的前缀和后缀。英语中很多词都是加前缀或后缀变来的。比如你认识这两个词write和similar，根据前缀re-和后缀-ity的含义，你就可以准确地猜出rewrite和similarity这两个词的意思。?（）看看同一生词是否在上下文的其他地方出现，把两处的语境相比较，也许能更加准确地猜出词义。?（）充分利用你关于所阅读的内容已有的知识。为了巩固阅读过程中的生词，在读完一篇后，你可以把本篇中最重要的生词查一下字典，准确地了解该生词在文中的意思。因为我们训练的篇章都是大纲规定的题材，