高中英语Module5Cloning词汇教学.doc

高中英语Module 5 Cloning 词汇教学I. 单词1使恐惧v. 2. 布满皱纹的adj 3. 使觉得恶心v. 4. 情绪;感情n. 5. 对照v 6. 噩梦n. 7. 完全相同的adj 8. 有益的adj 9. 假想的adj 10.难以置信的adj 11. 胡说八道n. 12. 有机体n. 13. 养育n. 14. 基因学n. 15. 透明的adj. 16.基本的adj. 17. 成分n. 18. 程序n. 19. 有争议的adj 20. 可选择的adj 21. 强制的adj 22. 条例n 23. 手指甲n. 24. 嫌疑人n. 25. 陪伴v. 26. 吸收v. 27. 暴力n. 28. 样本n. 29. 扭曲的 adj 30. 植入 v. 31.可选择的 adj 31.复制 vII. 短语 1.大家一致同意 it is generally agreed that 2. 科幻小说 science fiction 3. 恐怖电影 horror film 4. 拒绝作某事 refuse to do something 5. 结束某人的生命 end ones life 6. 付与与生命 give life to sb/sth 7. 躺在某人脚下 lie at ones feet 8. 烧尽;烧完 burn out 9. 通过微弱的光 by its tiny light 10.与形成对照 contrast with 11. 扑到在上 throw oneself on the bed 12.吓得发抖 shake with fear 13. 站在床边 stand by the bed 14. 发出声音 make a sound 15. 被吓坏 be frightened by 16. 相反 on the contrary 17. 那是对的 thats it 18. 继续 to continue 19. 换句话说 in other words 20. 一系列的 a sequence of /a series of 21. 与一摸一样 be identical to 22. 把作为 offeras 23. 在某种压力之下 be under pressure 24. 杰出人物 exceptional human beings 25.与相反 be contrary to 26. 从中恢复 recover from ( a disease) 27. 依赖于 rely on 28. 在陪伴下 be accompanied by 29. 安全系统 the security system 30. 失去控制 get out of control 31. 没有的办法 there is no way of 32. 反之亦然 vice versa 33. 使复活 bring sth. back to life 34. 以为基础 be based on 35. 分解 break down 36. 据我们所知 as far as we know 37. 摧毁 knock out 38. 如下 as follows 39. 把当成对待 treatas 40. 屡次 again and againIII重点短语1. treat vt. & vi.对待；看待；治疗；款待；招待；处理；谈判; 请客；款待 treat. as. 把看作；把当作看待 treat sb. to 款待，招待treat sblike treat sbas if从句2. on the contrary与此相反，正相反 contrary adj相反地，相违的 n相反，对立面 to the contrary相反地 by contrary与期望相反 contrary to与相反3curevt.治好（疾病等）; 解决, 了结; 纠正；矫正；加工；处理n.治愈；痊愈；疗法；对策；疗程cure sbof sth 治愈某人的疾病；矫正某人的不良行为cure sbof ones habit of 纠正某人的不良习惯a cure of 的疗法have a rest cure 静养4. different adj. 不同的，差异的；个别的；多种多样的difference n. 差别，差距 differ vi.不同，有异；持异议 differential adj.不同的，有分别的；区别性的 agree to differ各自保留不同意见 beg to differ恕不同意 differ about/on 对持不同意见 differ from 与不同；不同意（某人或某意见） differ with不同意（某人或某种意见）make a difference to 对有作用；对重要make a difference between 区别对待with a difference与众不同的5. beneficial adj.有利于；有益于 benefit n.益处；好处 pl津贴；救济金 vt.有益于，有利于；对有好处 for sb.s benefit 为某人的利益，为帮助某人 benefit from/by 受益于，对有好处6. in other words换句话说 have a word with sb 和某人谈话 have words with sb =quarrel with sb 和吵架 keep/break ones word 守信不守信 leave word（leave a message) 留话，留信 receive (get, have) word 得到消息 get in a wordget a word in 插话 in a/one word 总而言之 in other words 换句话说 in words 用语言；在口头上（in word) in word 口头上，表面上 Word came that 有消息说 7. disgust at/for/with对于的厌恶in disgust厌恶的be disgusted at厌恶to ones disgust使某人厌恶的是8. contrast v. 对照，与形成对比；、对比，对照contrast A and/with B 对比A与Bcontrast with sb. / sth. 与对比显出差异; 与形成对照in contrast with/to 和形成对比by contrast 通过对比make a contrast with 与形成对比9. control vt.vi.控制control oneself/ones feelings/the situationthe fire 控制自己抑制自己的感情控制住形势控制大火out of control失去控制in control of控制着under/in the control of 受 的管理、控制lose control of 失去对的控制under control被控制住beyond control无法控制10. terrify vt. 使惊恐，使受惊吓terrify sb. into doing sth. 威胁某人做某事be terrified out of one s wits吓得魂不附体be terrified at/with 因 吓了一跳be terrified of 恐俱，害怕terrifying adj.令人害怕的terrified adj.感到害怕的terror n.惊恐，恐怖in terror of 对十分害怕terrorist n.恐怖分子，恐怖主义者11. prepare vt. vi.预备，准备；调制，配制prepared adj.事先准备好的；愿意的；期望的preparation n.准备，预备；安排；配制剂prepare for为做好准备prepare sb. for.使某人有准备prepare to do sth.准备做某事be prepared for准备（状态）be prepared to do sth.准备做make preparations for为做好准备12. throw oneself on:扑倒在上throw about /around到处随便扔throw away放弃，错过，不利用；浪费throw back扔回；击退；猛然掀掉throw doubt on使对产生怀疑throw . in the shade使黯然失色throw into使突然处于某种状态，投人throw light on/upon给提供线索；使情况明朗起来throw off摆脱；去掉；匆忙脱下throw on匆匆穿上throw oneself into扑倒在里；投身（某项工作）throw up放弃；呕吐；匆匆盖上同步实践1 Only in this way can you be _ your carelessness. A. changed B. treated C. got over D. cured of2 He is in _ control of the company. I mean, the company is in _ control of him. A. the; B.；the C. the; the D.；3 Thoughts of westerners differ much _ oriental （东方的）in a number of ways. A. between B. between those C. from D. from those of4 . He is connected _ the Zhangs by marriage. A. to B: by C. with D: from5 Although we had been out of touch for ten years, I recognized herI met her. A. first time B. for the first time Cthe first time D. by the first time6 Mr. Smith has changed a lot, and many of his friends say that he is not the same man _ A. like he was B. as he used to be C. as he used to D. like what he was7. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that8-Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month? 一No，we _ it，but we spent too much time shopping. A. could have visited B. must have visited Ccant have visited D. shouldnt have visited9. What a kind teacher! But for his help, I _ my study. A. wouldnt finish B. wouldnt have finished Cshouldnt have finished D. mustnt have finished10. I _ you how to deal with the matter, but why didnt you ask me? A. could show B. were to show C. had shown D. would have shown11. - _he come to see you as he promised? -Of course, please. And Id rather he _ me the truth. A. Shall; told B Should; will tell C. Can; covers D. Will; informed12. Some women _ good money instead of staying at home, but they decided to take care of the family. A. must make B. should have made Cwould make. D. could have made13. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _your advice. A. follow B. would follow Chad followed D. have followed14-Your team completed the wall repair on the day? -They _ but it was raining the whole day. A. did B. would have C. should do D. have15. - Would you have told him the answer, if possible? -Yes, I would have; but I _ very busy: A. had been B. were C. was D. would be16. The monkeys look sweet, but they _ be very naughty. A. may B. need C. should D. can17. Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ be just noise to others. A. must B. would C. may D. should18She thought 1 was talking about her daughter，_ in fact，I was talking my daughter. Awhom Bwhere C which Dwhile19. The two lawyers _ for a few minutes about the exact meaning of a point of law. A, argued B. discussed C. quarreled D. fought20I wish I _ you last Sunday. A. saw B. have seen Chad seen Dam to see21. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night _，too cold for us to live. A. would be freezing cold Bwill be freezing cold Cwould be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly22. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues23The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen Cto have seen D. to see24. If only I _ the test！My parents wouldnt have got so angry with me. A. passed B. had passed C. would pass D. should have passed25. All of you _ at the school gate！we11 soon start. A. are gathering B. will gather C. have gathered D. gather26The Arab insisted that he _ their camel. A. had never stolen B. should never steal C. would never have stolen D. never steal27. Some procedures involved in the manufacture of this product are _ procedures conducted in producing TV sets. A. same as B. resemble C. alike D. similar to28Everyone would prefer to _ the quality of their life by working hard instead of cheating others. A. increase B. produce C. improve D. strengthen29. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded30If you keep on, you11 succeed _ A. in time B. at one time C. at the same time D. on time语法 虚拟语气语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气 表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者dont 加动词原形（或be） 如 Be careful next time. Dont smoke here. 有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如 You be quiet. He stand up. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气 如 Do come to see this Sunday. 在Lets 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用will you 如 Lets go out for a walk after supper，shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you? 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如 Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English. 一虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，列表如下： 从句（条件句） 主句（结果句） 与现在事实相反的假设 动词过去式 Be一般用were Should Would +动词原形 Could Might 与过去事实相反的假设 Had +分词 Should Would + have+ 过去分词 Could Might 与将来事实相反的假设或实现的可能性很小 1）should+ 动词原形 2）were to+动词原形 Should Would + 动词原形 Could Might 例如：If he were here, everything would be all right. If her mother had taken the doctors advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctors advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三含蓄条件句 1.有时候假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。 如 Without air(If there were no air), there would be no living things. But for your help (If it hadnt been for your help), I couldnt have done it. 2. 假设的条件通过上下文表现出来。 I would go abroad for further study but that I am poor. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the party. 3. 表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。 （1）省去条件从句 You could have washed your clothes yourself. （你本可以自己洗衣服的。）省去了If you had wanted to。（事实是：你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。） （2）省去主句（常用以表示愿望）If my grandmother were with me! (如果我的祖母和我在一起多好啊！)事实是：祖母已不在世。 四、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 “wish+宾语从句”表示不可能实现的愿望，汉语可译为“可惜、悔不该、但愿”。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式； 表示将来不可能实现的愿望用“would/could+动词原形”； 表示过去不可能实现的愿望时用“had+过去分词”。如： I wish I were better-looking. 要是我长得再漂亮些就好了。 I wish I had met the film star just now. 我要是刚才遇到那位电影明星该多好啊！ I wish I would be a solider. 我想当一名军人。 【考例】 How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden! (上海 2002春) A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 【答案】B。 在表示建议、要求、愿望、命令、坚持、想法(advise, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, suggest)等动词后面的宾语从句，或这些动词的同源名词后面所跟的同位语从句或表语从句中，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，其中在美国英语中，should常省略。如： The young man insisted that I (should) go with his fellows. 这个年轻人坚持要我同他的同伴们一起去。 The doctor advised that he change his job. 医生建议他换工作。 【考例】Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (福建 2010) A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow 【答案】A。 在would rather后的宾语从句中，谓语常常用过去时来表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况。如： Shall I open the window? 我可以把窗户打开吗? Id rather you didnt. 我觉得还是不要。 【考例】 George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he more on its culture. (江苏2010) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 【答案】B。 在It is +形容词(important, necessary, good, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising) +that从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。如： It is natural that she (should) do so. 很自然她应该这样做。 【考例】 Dont you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is he has refused to. (江苏2005) A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 【答案】B。 五、虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用 1. if only的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所接虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同。如： If only the player had had more courage! 这位选手再多有一些勇气就好了。 If only Daisy would go with me! 黛茜要是愿意和我一起去就好了! 【考例】 Look at the trouble I am in! If only I your advice. (上海 2003春) A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 【答案】C。 2. as if (as though)方式状语从句中的虚拟语气 as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。 (1) as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。如： It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。 (2) as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下： 从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。如： He talks as if he knew where she was. 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。如： He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过似的。 从句表示将来发生的可能性不大，谓语动词用“would (could, might)动词原形”。如： It looks as if it might snow. 看起来好像要下雪了。 3. 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）以in order that, so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语多用could/might+动词原形，在口语中常用can/could+动词原形 She took a taxi so that she could get there on time. (2)以lest, for fear that和in case 引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用（should）+动词原形。 She took an umbrella with her lest/for fear that/in case it should rain. 六其他形式的虚拟语气 1. It s time that句型中的虚拟语气 在It s time that句型中，从句谓语通常用一般过去时或should+动词原形 (should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该做某事了”。如： Its high time that we were off. 是我们该走的时候了。 2.在would/had rather, would(just) as soon, would sooner和 would prefer结构中，也用虚拟语气。共同特点是：从句中动词用一般过去时，表示现在或将来要做的事；用过去完成时，则表示过去的情况。 Id rather you left tomorrow. I would just as soon you had told me the truth yesterday. I would rather have bought the dictionary. 3. 表示“祝愿”时，常用“may + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它”。如： May you have a good journey! 祝你一路顺风！ May your youth last forever! 祝你青春永驻！ 强化训练 1. more careful, his bus would not have knocked into the tree. A. If the driver were B. Had the driver been C. Should the driver be D. If the driver would have been 2. the football competition, I would have gone to the concert yesterday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 3. Look at the terrible situation you are in! If only you my advice! A. listen to B. would listen to C. had listened to D. have listened to 4. Had Henry received two more votes in the last election, he our monitor now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 5. If the athlete won today, he eight races in