2019年仁爱英语九年级Unit_4_topic_3_重点知识点.doc

2019年仁爱英语九年级Unit_4_topic_3_重点知识点Topic 3 China is the third nation that sent a person into space.1 重要句型：Section A1. Who is the first Chinese to travel into space?谁是中国太空旅行的第一人呢？ 结构为：the + 序数词 + （名词）+ to do sth. 意为“做某事的第”练一练：You are the _ ask me that question. A. second B the second C. two to D. the second to 2. .He is our national hero who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003. 2003年,他乘坐神州五号围绕地球飞行了二十一个小时,他是我们的民族英雄。句中“who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003”是一个由who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词hero。who在从句中作主语,不能省略,此处也可用that。在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,从句放在所修饰词之后（即先行词之后）,由关系词（关系代词：that, which, who, whose,whom和关系副词：when, where, why）引导。3. China is the third nation that sent a person into space. 中国成为第三个将人送入太空的国家。本句中“that sent a person into space”是定语从句,修饰先行词nation 。此句中的that 不能换为which。当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that,而不能用which。This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。4. Its a spaceship which was launched as Chinas first lunar probe.它是作为中国第一个月球探测器而发射的宇宙飞船。本句中“which was launched as Chinas first lunar probe”是由关系代词which引导的定语从句。 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。Do you know those boys who are playing basketball over there? 你知道在那里打篮球的男孩是谁吗？5. All of you must be very proud. 你们一定都很自豪吧！A. must be “一定”表示推测;B. be proud of 为而骄； be the pride of 是的骄傲； We are proud of Yang Liwei. 我们为杨利伟而感到骄傲。 Yang Liwei is the pride of us. 杨利伟是我们的骄傲。6. We have launched another four spaceships in the past few years.在过去几年我国又向太空发射了四艘宇宙飞船。(1) another four = four more 意为 “又有四个”之意。 又走来了三个模特。(2) in the past+时间段 表示“在过去的.时间里”,常与现在完成时连用。 In the past two years, I have learnt more than one thousand English words. 在过去两年,我学了一千多个单词。7. It proves that China has made great progress in its space industry. 这证明中国在航空业已经取得了巨大的进步。（1） prove v.证明,常用结构：prove +从句 / prove sth. to sb. Please give me a chance, and I will prove it to you. 给我一次机会,我会证明给你看。（2） make progress in (doing) sth.“在（做）某事方面取得进步” Ive made great progress in learning English. 我在学习英语方面有了很大的进步。Section B1. Could you please tell me some recent spaceship development.请您给我讲一些近来宇宙飞船的发展状况吗？. Could you please +动词原形？用来表达委婉地提出请求. 其否定形式为：Could you please+not+动词原形?练一练： Could you please _ in public? OK,I wont. A.litter B.not litter C.spit D.speak loudly2. 宇航员用电脑控制宇宙飞船的速度和方向,甚至控制其内的温度。（1） speed n. 速度。 at a high speed 高速, at a speed of 5 meters a second 以每秒5米的速度（2） A. direction n. 方向,方位。 in every direction 向四面八方； B. direct adj. 直的,直径的。the direct road 直通道路； a direct train 直达列车； C. directly adv. 直接地。 The drops of rain fall on the ground directly. 雨滴直接落在地上。3. Thanks for your introduction. 感谢你的介绍。（1） Thank sb. for sth. 谢谢某人某物； Thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事； Thank you for giving me so much advice. 谢谢你给我这么多建议。（2）introduction n. 介绍,其动词形式：introduce 介绍,引进。 introduce to sb. 把介绍给某人； He introduced Mr. Lee to me. 他向我介绍了李先生。 introduce sth. into 把引进（into 后常跟地点作介宾） Tobacco was introduced into Europe from America. 烟草是由美洲传入欧洲。4. 我建议你去寻求新的方法,让电脑更好地为我们服务。（1）advise sb. to do sth. 意为“劝告、建议某人做某事”,to do sth.为带to 的不定式作宾补。其被动结构为：be advised to do sth. 同类的结构还有：tell sb. to do sth. 被动结构为：be told sb. to do sth.allow sb. to do sth.被动结构为：be allowed to do sth.warn sb. to do sth.被动结构为：be warned sb. to do sth.（2）make sb. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”,do sth.为不带to的不定式作宾补。 其被动结构为：be made sb to do sth.练一练：a). Mary was heard _ just now.What happened? John was telling a joke. A.cry B.to cry C.laugh D.to laughb). Why are you so late? The Party has been on for about half an hour. s exactly the time. A.will tell B.have told C.are told D.were told 然后他向康康解释了宇宙飞船的速度和方向以及温度都由电脑控制。（1） explain to sb. that. 向某人解释；（2）explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事；Dont sign anything until your lawyer has explained the contract to you. 在律师向你解释清楚合同之前,不要签署任何东西。5. expect sb. to do sth. 期待/期望某人做某事My mother expect me to be a doctor. 我妈期待我能成为一名医生。Section C1. 毋庸置疑,计算机在科技和商业领域非常有用。 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问,毋庸置疑；There is no doubt that we should protect the environment. 毫无疑问我们应该保护环境。2. bodies can keep their hearts beating normally 病人体内的微型电脑能使人的心脏正常跳动。（1） which are inside patients bodies 是由关系代词which引导的定语从句。修饰先行词t。（2） keep ones heart beating normally 使心脏正常跳动； their hearts作keep的宾语,beating 是现在分词作宾语补足语。3. Instead of writing letters on paper, people 人们通过发邮件和网上聊天进行交流,代替了用纸写信。 （1）instead of 代替,而不是。 We should do something instead of just talking about it. 我们不能只是谈论,应当做点什么。 （2）instead adv. 代替,取代。If you cant go there, I will go instead. 如果你不能去,我可以代替你去。4. 例如,如果我们在计算机前工作太久,也许就会头疼或眼睛酸涩。 （1）for instance 例如, instance （同 example) 例子,实例。 Lets give you some instances. 我给你举几个例子。 （2）such as 例如,常指列举同类事物。 There are many kinds of fruit in the market, such as apples, oranges,lemons. 市场上有许多种水果,例如苹果、橘子、柠檬等。Section D1. No one knows for certain, but most people think that robots will be part of our lives.没有人清楚,但是大部分人都认为机器人会成为我们生活的一部分。 certain adj.1.只作表语确凿的,无疑的,可靠的； 2.只作表语,后跟动词不定式或 of, that一定的,必然的,有把握的,确信的；一定会来到或发生的；3.只作定语某,某一(些)；相当的,一定程度的；一些,有点儿,某种； 4.习惯用语 be certain of 确信,深信； be certain to 必然；一定； be not certain whether. 不能确定是否 for certain 肯定地,确凿地； make certain (of, that) 把弄清楚,把弄确凿, 保证； 2.In a few years, perhaps robots will think on their own, just as people use their brains and act for themselves.多年以后,也许机器人会有自己的思想,就像人们使用自己的大脑和自己行动一样。 on ones own 独自,单独I can do it on my own. 我可以自己来(做) 。3.One scientist warns that if robots start to think for themselves, they will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters.曾有科学家警告,如果机器人开始自我思考,他们将不再愿意成为我们的仆人,而是想成为我们的主人。A. warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事；Mrs. Brown warned me not to interfere. 布朗夫人警告我不要插手。B. warn sb. about sth.提醒、警告某人注意某事；They warned him about the dangers of sailing alone.他们警告他说独自航行危险重重。C. warn sb. against (doing) sth.警告某人某事； I must warn you against raising your hopes. 我必须警告你不要期望过高。2 重点语法-定语从句（）定义：在复合句中,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why。关系代词或关系副词谓语先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。含定语从句的复合句的基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. * 引导定语从句的词有关系代词* 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。本话题只讲解关系代词作主语的情况,请看下面的表格：关系词作用能否 省略先行词 例句that,who主语否人Do you know the boy who / that is from China.that,which 主语否物I dont like the book which that is written in English. that主语否人和物I will remember the people and things that appear in my life.3 重点词组：1 The Science Museum 科学博物馆；2 the first Chinese to travel into space 太空旅行的第一人；3 our national hero 我们的民族英雄；4 send a person into space 将人送进太空；5 launch another four spaceships 发射了另外四艘宇宙飞船6 in the past few year 在过去几年；7 Whats more 而且；8 make great progress 在方面取得极大进步；9 in space industry 在航空工业方面；10 What a large crowd! 好多人；11 Chinas first lunar probe 中国第一个月球探测器；12 travel around the earth 围绕地球飞行；13 the legend of Change 嫦娥（奔月）的传说；14 a woman astronaut 一位女宇航员；15 give sb. a lesson 上一课；16 the first man to set foot on the moon 登月第一人；17 during ones life = in ones life 在某人的一生；18 take part in = join in = be in 参加（指参加某项活动）；19 be realized in the future 梦想将会实现；20 set foot in/on. 踏上,踏入,涉足；21 man-made Satellite 人造卫星；22 independently launch a satellite 独立发射卫星；23 be a landmark of 成为的标志；24 take part in two space flights 参加过两次太空飞行；25 along with his partner 和他的搭档；26 along with 和；27 have a spacewalk 进行太空行走；28 land on the lunar surface 着陆于月球表面；29 explore and collect soil and rocks 探测并收集泥土和岩石；30 return to the earth safely 安全返回地球；31 ask sb. something about 为某人有关的事；32 be so amazing 太神奇了；33 tell me some recent spaceship developments 讲一些宇宙飞船的发展情况；34 use electronic controls 用电子控制；35 used to be controlled by astronauts 过去由宇航员控制；36 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；37 be controlled by sb. 被某人控制；38 control the speed and the direction of 控制的速度和方向；39 对电脑技术只了解一点点；40 掌握电脑技术；41 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；42 discover new ways 发现新的方法；43 让电脑更好地为我们服务；44 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事；45 Thanks for your introduction. 感谢你的介绍。46 introduce.to sb. 把介绍给某人；47 introduce sth. into 把引进（into 后常跟地点作介宾）48 explain to Kangkang that. 向康康解释；49 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事；50 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事；51 make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事；52 add.to . 把加到；53 look at.through telescopes 通过望远镜看；54 train on a special machine 在特殊的机器上训练；55 keep ones heart beating normally 使心脏正常跳动；56 in many areas of work and leisure 在许多工作和娱乐领域；57 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问；58 be useful in technology and business 在技术和商业领域非常有用；59 with the help of 在帮助下；60 find disease easily 容易发现疾病；61 solve other problems 解决其他问题；62 微型电脑；63 be dangerous to sb. 对危险；64 place and cancel orders 订购和取消订单；65 make the workplace safer and better 使工作场所更安全,更好；66 出现,产生；67 thanks to the Internet 多亏了互联网；68 通过发邮件和网上聊天进行交流；69 for instance/example 例如；70 get enough time to study or exercise 得到足够的时间学习或锻炼；71 use sth. properly 恰当地使用；72 像往常一样打开电脑；73 It was reported that. 据报道；74 break down 出故障,抛锚；75 know for certain 确切地知道76 be part of our lives 成为我们生活的一部分77 so far 到目前为止78 cause us any problems 给我们带来任何麻烦79 all the time 一直,总是80 work for us like a servant 像佣人一样为我们 81 be surprised at. 对感到惊讶82 think on their own/ for themselves 独立思考83 use their brains and act for themselves 使用自己的大脑为自己行动一样84 no longer = not.any longer 不再85 treat .as. 把看作/视为86 a war between.and. 一场和之间的战争87 on ones own 独自,单独；88 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）干某事；89 warn sb. about sth. 提醒、警告某人注意某事；90 warn sb. against (doing) sth. 警告某人某事； 4 练习：A. 选择题。1. All over the world, Edison _ an inventor. A. was known for B. was known as C. knew as D. is famous for2.Whats wrong with you? They said I wasnt allowed here. They dont allow _ in the waiting room. A. to smoke; smokingB. smoking; to smoke C. to smoke; to smokeD. smoke; smoking3. I t. A. hopeB. wishC. hopedD. wished4.Your feet have _ DNA _ your ears. A. same; as B. the same; asC. similar; toD. the similar; to5. Mobile phones are widely used in our _ life. A. dailyB. every dayC. dayD. days6.Do you know for _ that it was made in 1980? A.certainB.certainlyC.sureD.doubt7._ you finish your homework, you can go out to play. A.As well asB.UnlessC.As long asD.As far as8. I saw Lucy go to Miss Zhangs home just now. Yes, she is often seen _ Miss Zhang with her housework. A.help B.to helpC.helpsD.helping9. Many man-made satellites _ by China. We are very proud. A. send up B. sent into C. were sent up D. were sent into10.I passed the exam successfully. Congratulations! We are expecting you _ greater progress. A. to make B. makes C. making D. to be made11.The number of people _ lost their lives in Indonesian earthquake reached as many as 6200. A. which B. who C. Whom 12.Have you been to the new Sports Center _ is just opened in town? No, not yet. A. where B. who C. that 13.This is a new museum _ was built last year. A. when B. who C. which14.Do you know the girl _ is singing on the stage? A. who B. what C. which 15.At last the boy was made _ and began to laugh. A.stop crying B.to stop to cry C.to stop crying D.stop to cry16.He _ his son to be an astronaut in the future,so he always advises him _ harder. A.hopes,to study B.expects, to study C.wishes, study D.expects, study17. A.dont spend B.not spend C.not to spend D.not spending18.? A.is mainly controlled B.was mainly controlled C.mainly controlled D.main controlled19.The movie _ we saw last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who 20. Liu Yang is the first woman astronaut _ has ever traveled in space. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 21. People are talking about the old houses _ Jackie Chan bought in Xinxiang twenty years ago. A. which