4.21 名词,-答案.doc

2013届高三英语复习案 编制人：潘井正 惠梅 审核人：邵长芹 包科人：钱萌 名词 【模拟试题】1. 【2012山东青岛高三期末检测】So far, I havent adapted to the fast of the life in Toronto.A. step B. styleC. pace D. manner【答案】C 【解析】 考查名词辨析。step 步伐，style 风格；pace步速、节奏， manner习惯，方式。句意为：到目前为止，我还没有适应多伦多快节奏的生活。2. 【2012郑州一次质量预测】I really admire the people full of Im always tired Youd better take more exercise Apower Bstrength Cforce Denergy【答案】D【解析】考查名词。full of energy意思是：充满活力。句意为：我很羡慕那些充满活力的人，我总是很累的。3. 【2012烟台期末】Surely you can find the museum，for it is within easy of your hotelAwalk Breach Cdistance Dspace【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。withineasyreach在附近(距离不远) 。句意为：你一定会找到那个博物馆的，因为离你的宾馆很近。4. 【2012金华十校期末】The bank is offering a（n） _ to anyone who can give some information about the robberyAreward Baward Cprize Dbonus【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 句意为：银行向任何一个提供有关抢劫案信息的提供了一笔酬金，这里指的是因表示感谢而提供的奖励，所以用reward。award的意思是“奖品”、“奖金”，其义与prize近似，两者都指因为表现突出而受奖；bonus 奖金；红利。5. 【2012届吉安县中、 泰和中学、 遂川中学高三联考】Each of us is likely to develop a personal _ for certain types of entertainment. A. comparison B. possession C. preference D. advantage【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我们每个人都有可能养成对某些娱乐活动的偏爱。preference 意为：偏爱，爱好。符合语境。6. 【2012厦门期末】Much to the of the worried parents, their son finally came back safe and sound. A. relief B. regret C. anger D. disappointment【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。relief 安慰、宽慰。句意为：使这位焦虑的母亲大为宽慰的是，她们的儿子终于安然无恙地回来了。regret 遗憾、后悔；anger愤怒；disappointment失望。7. 【2012安徽皖南高三上学期联合测评】 - Do you know the school _ in this university?- Yes. Its Never lose hope.A. motto B. speech C. expression D. matter【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。这里表示“校训”，即“座右铭，警句”，所以用motto。语境为：-你知道你们大学的校训吗？-知道。是Never lose hope。8. 【2012九江一模】Jack is not very decisive, and he always finds himself in a _ as if he doesnt knowwhat he really wants toAfantasy Bcontradiction Cdilemma Dconflict【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰克很不果断，他总是觉得自己处在进退两难的境地，好像他不知道自己真的想干什么。fantasy“幻想”；contradiction “矛盾”；dilemma“困境；进退两难”；conflict“冲突；矛盾”。 dilemma符合题意。9. 【2012枣庄期末】A hot cup of tea on such a cold night was a real _ to me.A. respectB. momentC. comfortD. fortuneC 考查名词辨析。在寒冷的日子里喝上一杯热茶应该是令人舒服的事，所以用comfort。respect尊敬；moment时刻；fortune财产；运气。10【2012南昌调研】In order to put an end to poverty, the World Bank has switched its _ to providing technical assistance and long-term loans to developing countriesAconcern Bprocess Cstruggle Dfocus【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。focus 意思是：焦点，重点。句意为：为了结束贫穷，世界银行已经把【工作的】重点转移到向发展中国家提供技术帮助和长期的贷款。11. 【2012苏北四市调研】MrAnderson is popular with his students, for he is kind, strict and knowledgeableNo wonder he has such a good _Aexpectation Bcontribution Creputation Dregulation【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。第一个人所说的：因为和蔼、要求严格、知识渊博而深受学生欢迎应该是声望高的原因，因此选C，意思是：声望、名望。expectation 期待、期望；contribution贡献；regulation 规则。12. 【2012三明联考】Theres no doubt that the past years have seen _of the progress in economy of the country , as more and more people moved into new houses.A. impressionsB. views C. signs D. features【答案】C 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。sign 迹象。怪不得这些年见证了这个国家经济进步的迹象，因为越来越多的人们喜迁新居。impression 印象；view 观点、景色；feature特征。13. 【2012蚌埠质检】Courageous people think quickly and act without . Aanxiety Bconsideration Cdelay Dintention【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。without delay意为：毫不迟疑地。句意为：勇敢的人思维敏捷，行动果断。14. 【2012郑州预测】I really admire the people full of Im always tired Youd better take more exercise Apower Bstrength Cforce Denergy【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 full of energy，意思是：充满活力的。句意为:-我很羡慕那些充满活力的人。我总是感到很疲劳。-你应该进行更多的训练。15. 【2012南阳期终】The event not only promoted _ of world hunger, but also raised a lot of money to help starving peopleAinformation Bknowledge Cinstruction D. awareness【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。awareness 意识。句意为：这个事件不仅能够提升人们对于世界饥饿的意识，而且也筹集了更多的资金来帮助那些饥饿的人们。information 信息，knowledge 知识；instruction指示，命令。16. 【2012泰安高三模块测试】Its really a _ for a teenager to study abroad after high schoolA. challenge Bpuzzle Cfailure Ddisadvantage【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个青少年来说中学毕业后去国外学习确实是个挑战。puzzle“难题”；failure“失败”；和disadvantage“缺点；不利条件”均不符合题意，challenge“挑战”符合题意。17. 【山西省大同市2012届高三学情调研】This restaurant has become popular for its wide_ of foods that suit all tastes and pocketsArange Bcircle Carea Ddivision【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。range范围。句意：这家饭店因为其适合各种口味和不同经济水平的食品而变得很深受欢迎。circle 阶层，领域；area 领域，方面；division部门，界限。18. 【2012潍坊高三期末】In a natural disaster，minutes and even seconds of warning can make the_ between life and death.A. division B. difference C. separation D. sense 【答案】B 【解析】 考查名词辨析。make the difference tween and。意思是：在和之间有生差别。句意为：发生自然灾害时，几分钟甚至几秒钟的提前警告，都能产生生死之别。19【2012浙江温州高三期末八校联考】AIDS control and prevention is a to China as well as the whole world Asurprise Bchallenge Creaction Dthreat【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。challenge挑战。符合语境。句意为：艾滋病的治疗和预防对于我们中国和整个世界来说都是一个巨大的挑战。surprise 【一件】惊讶的事； reaction 反应；threat 威胁。20. 【2012莱芜高三期末】Students need to have _ to the computer system. A. right B. approach C. access D. way【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。access使用。句意为：学生需要使用电脑系统。21. 【2012合肥质检】Rose is Mr. Smiths secretary, so she has _ to all his business e-mails.A. power B. account C. way D. access【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辩词。access 接触，使用。句意为：Rose是史密斯先生的秘书，所以他有权阅读他的商务邮件。power 力；account 账号； way 方法。 22. 【2012宁德质检】Would you like this gold necklace, Madam?Its beautiful, but out of my price _Acontrol Breach Caim Drange【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。out of range在的范围外。句意为：-夫人，你要买这件首饰吗？-很漂亮，但是超出了【我提供的】价格范围。23. 【2012唐山高三年级第一学期期末 】The local government provided _ for the homeless soon after the floodApossessions Baccommodations Csouvenirs Dgroceries【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。既然是帮助无家可归者，那么四个选项中只有accommodation（住处、膳宿）符合。句意为：洪水过后，当地政府向无家可归者提供了住所。possession 财产；souvenir 纪念品；grocery 食品杂货店。24. 【2012.02桐乡模拟】Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest _. A. convenience B. consideration C. interruption D. imagination【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。at ones convenience 意思是：在某人方便的时候。句意为：你们所提供的任何帮助我们都很感激，请在方便的时候尽早联系我们。25. 【2012江苏南通高三期末调研】Apart from his monthly salary as a sales manager, he also gets a travel _ that covers hotel bills.A. insurance B. circumstance . allowance D. competence【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。travel allowance出差补贴。句意为：作为一名销售经理，除了他的月薪以外，他还有出差补贴。insurance保险，. circumstance环境，competence 能力，权限。典题解析：1. It is generally believed that teaching is _it is a science.A.an art much as B.much an art asC.as an art much as D.as much an art as解析：答案为D。当名词前有what、so、as、too、quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等，应采取too/how + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词的形式。要记住一些类似的特殊结构，并加以分析。2. The police are offering a _to anyone who can give information about the lost key.A.price B.prize C.reward D.money解析：答案为C。price 价格，价钱；prize奖金。项是钱，属不可数名词，题中所要填的是“酬金，报酬”。注意正确理解名词的含义及其搭配是活用语言的基础，在复习备考中要熟练掌握考纲中一些名词的词义、搭配、习惯等，才能更好辨析名词，从而选择最符合句意的选项。3.Youll find this map of great _in helping you to get round London.（NMET 1998）A.price B.cost C.value D.usefulness解析：答案为C。本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及“be of + 抽象名词”结构。Price (价格)，cost（价钱，费用，成本）不符合题意，value作“quality of being useful or desirable”解时，常与of搭配，在句中作表语或补语，意为“有用，有价值”。故选择value。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达，题中“of + 抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。4.If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off .A. a price B. price C. the price D. price解析：答案为C。本题考冠词和名词。全句合理句意应是：如果你买超过10个，他们从（现在标出的）价格上减价20便士。此处价格是特指的定价，所以C项最佳。5.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine moths, the sailing time was 226 days.A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which解析：答案为B。辨析名词语义, a distance of +数字“距离”。6.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the childrens .A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place解析：答案为A。“out of reach”是“超出某人够得着的范围”，即“够不着”的意思，药品应放到孩子够不到的地方。【考点诠释】考点一、对同义词、近义词的考查 1、 At the meeting they discussed three different_to the study of mathematics。 Aapproaches Bmeans Cmethods Dways 【答案】D。【解析】在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。way意为“方式，方法”，可所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。method意为“方式，方法”，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。 【备考提示】面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。考点二、易错的新版教材名词固定搭配 作为对新版教材的体现，新版教材里的一些新出现的名词固定搭配得到了较多的一种考查。 3、_achievement，last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low,though not failing，grade AIn terms of BIn case of CAs a result of DIn face of 【答案】A。【解析】语境为：就成绩而言，上周WTO在这里的部长级会议得分不高，尽管还不至于不及格。B项表“如果”，C项表“因为”，D项表“面对”，A项表“关于、至于”，符合题意。 4、You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of_。 Adate Bshape Corder Dbalanee 【答案】B。【解析】你坐在我帽子上，帽子已严重变形了。out of shape意为“变形”；out of date意为“过时”：out of order意为“混乱”；out ofbalance 意为“失衡”。 【备考提示】面对教材里的词组、搭配，我们要注意收集和整理，并尤其要加强新出现的固定搭配的记忆和分类汇总。 考点三、考察单词基本义的引申和拓展 近年来，常见单词的陌生义项在高考试题中不时出现，给部分考生造成了不小的障碍。 5、To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses Astrengths Bbenefits Ctechniques Dvalues 【答案】A。【试题放送】【2012湖北卷】29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow【答案】 A【考点】考查名词辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。A项意为“症状”，符合句意；B项意为“类似”，C项意为“样本”，D项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。【2012湖北卷】30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa. A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspe