湖北省高考英语 最后冲刺作文提升策略讲座学案.doc

高三英语复习学案：how to better your composition? (5.13) hu ruiming一、how to select words 遣词(一）避免使用简单、笼统的词语 (二）“语”众不同，避免人云亦云1. last year, i visited beijing with my father.last year, i _ beijing with my father.2. after considering it carefully, i chose science as my main subject.after _, i _ science as my main subject.3. suddenly i thought out a good idea.a good idea _ to me. / a good idea suddenly _ me. 4. the students there neednt pay for their books.books _ the students there. 5. as a result the plan was a failure.the plan _ a failure. 6. immediately actions should be taken to protect the environment. immediately measures should be taken to _ the environment.7. she went to austria in order to study music. she went to austria _ studying music. 8. when he spoke, he felt more and more excited._ he spoke, _ he felt. 9. the interesting teacher knows how to make an interesting class. the _ teacher knows how to make his class _.10. the text is so difficult that i cant understand it.the text is so difficult that i cant _ it. the text is so difficult that i cant _ it _.（三）使用自然、和谐、富有逻辑性的过渡词表转折：however, on the other hand, whereas, nevertheless, on the contrary, anyhow, anyway 表对比：in contrast, in comparison, in relation to, likewise ,similarly 表递进：besides, furthermore, in addition, also, worse, still, moreover, let alone 表因果：as a result, consequently, therefore, thus, hence, so ,thanks to, due to, since, because（of） 表顺序：first.next., and then., finally, firstthen., after that., finally 表推理：otherwise, if not, in that case 表让步：though, although, in spite of, despite, now that，considering 表目的：for this purpose, in order（to）that, in view of this 表解释：in other words, that is, namely 表总结：in all, in short, in brief, in conclusion, to sum up, in summary, finally 练习：haste makes wastethere is an old saying, “haste makes waste.” its the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct and of great importance in many cases even today._（表顺序）it teaches us that we shouldnt be overanxious for quick results._（表转折）we will fail._（表递进）if we emphasize too much upon speed, we will suffer sooner or later._（表举例）if we are too hasty in tests, it is very possible that we may make some mistakes or even fail._（表递近）we may leave a bad impression on both the teacher and classmates that we are careless._（再次列举）if a sportsman is hasty in an important game, he may lose a very precious opportunity to win the championship._（表结果）he will lose the confidence to pick the pieces up. haste has many side effects. on the one hand, haste may result in wrong decision or more mistakes. _（表对比）haste means a failure or an accident in some important occasion._（表总结）whatever we do, do pay attention to the balance of the speed and quality. 参考答案： first otherwise in addition for example/for instance whats more for another example as a result on the other hand in conclusion二、how to make sentences 造句（一）长短句结合，增加段落的节奏感。原句：i dont have time to watch t.v. or enjoy music. i dont even have time to read books or play football. i cant follow my interests such as watching t.v. or enjoying music. to make things worse, i dont even have time to read books or play football. 原句：there are many trees on both sides. there is a river in the center of the city. there are many fishes in it.there are many trees on both sides. a river flows in the center of the city, in which live many fishes.（二）使用倒装句、强调句等，改变句子单调性，增强修辞效果。 原句：i did not realize the importance of learning english well until then.not until then _ the importance of learning english well._ then _ i realized the importance of learning english well.（三）运用各种从句来丰富句式，增强句子的表达力。 1. 原句：to our surprised, the little girl knows so many things._ is that the little girl knows so many things.（名词性从句）2. 原句：it was quite an experience for us both, i will never forget it for the rest of my life.it was quite an experience for us both, _ for the rest of my life. （定语从句）3. 原句：i wont believe what he says._ he says i wont believe him. （状语从句）（四）使用非谓语动词，使句子更加紧凑、严谨。 1. 原句：when she heard the news, she began to cry._ the news, she burst out crying.2. 原句：the woman carried a baby in her arms and got on the bus._ in her arms, the woman stepped onto the bus.3. 原句：mr. smith was invited by nanjing university; mr. smith went to make a speech on dna._ by nanjing university, mr. smith went to give a lecture on dna.（五）使用成语、谚语，使语言更显魅力。（六）使用拟人修辞手法，使句子更具生命力、感染力。1. 原句：the 29th olympic games was successfully held in beijing in 2008.the year 2008 _ the success of the 29th olympic games held in beijing.2. 原句：on 25th april, 2015 a destructive earthquake shook nepal. nepal _ a destructive earthquake on 25th april, 2015.其它，如达到句式多变的最佳途径是把关键词或短语放于句首。原句： mark graduated last summer. he found a job in wuhan soon after graduation. he received an engineering degree from his college. 1. 介词结构+主语+谓语 after graduating last summer with an engineering degree, mark soon found a job in wuhan. 2.主语+同位语+谓语+状语 mark, an engineering degree-holder, found a job in wuhan last summer soon after graduation.3. 状语+主语+谓语 having graduated with an engineering degree, mark found a job in wuhan last summer.三、how to organize the passage谋篇1. 第一段：开头部分（opening paragraph）：写出文章的核心要点即主题句。用 23个句子完成，其中要有一个漂亮的过渡句。2. 第二段：正文部分（body paragraph）：围绕主题展开论述。用言简意赅的语言叙述一个结构完整、思想意义饱满的事例。注意所讲的事例一定要能突出话题的中心，可用610个句子完成。3. 第三段：结尾部分 （concluding paragraph）：用概括性的语言来总结全文主题，得出结论，回归话题，用 23个句子完成。四、how to examine the topic 审题1. 理解关键词语； 2. 挖掘隐含条件，排除干扰条件； 3. 把握内涵，理清寓意；4. 关注提示语，选好切入点。 q: 1. whats your crack?a crack of cheat in the examination / conflicts with your good friends / swelling with pride / rush for quick results q: 2. whats your gain?honesty / respect to my friends/ haste makes waste. / modesty leads to progress. 五、practice 实战 请根据以下提示, 并结合生活学习实际, 用英语写一篇短文。 there is a crack in everything; thats how the light gets in. 注意：无须写标题；除诗歌外，文体不限；内容必须结合你生活中的一个事例；文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 附录：短文写作评分细则一、评分原则： 1. 本题总分为30分，按5个档次给分。2. 先根据文章内容和语言初步确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。评分档次的确定应在内容符合题目要求的前提下侧重于语言的表达3. 词数少于120的，将分数降低一个档次。4. 评分时主要关注：内容切题，语言表达准确、多样、连贯、得体。5. 拼写与标点符号，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，但英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6. 书写较差，以至于影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。二、书面表达各档次的划分及给分范围第五档（很好）：（2530分） 要点完整，表达清楚，无重大语法错误完全完成了试题规定的任务。所有内容与提示吻合。应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇运用准确，虽有个别错误，但不影响意义的表达，具备较强的语言运用能力。恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（好）：（1924分） 表达基本清楚，缺少个别要点，有些语法错误。完成了试题规定的任务。主要内容与提示吻合。应用的语法结构和词汇能满