5中考词汇四会动词307.docx

动 词第1-2课时一动词的分类英语中动词分为：系动词，助动词，情态动词，实义动词各类动词之间的关系：系动词be+实义动词(to do/doing/done) 提示：be to do“是做” be doing“正做” be done“被做” 助动词 +实义动词(do)情态动词 +实义动词(do) 实义动词+实义动词(to do/doing/done)二动词的变化单三+s s,x,sh,ch,o+es辅+yi+es不规则现在分词+ing去e+ing双写+ingiey+ing过去式+ed辅+yi+ed双写+ed 不规则过去分词注释： “双写”条件：辅元辅，且重读，不忘双写尾字母（除组合外）三中考命题方向(1) 系动词： 分类：be、变(become, turn, grow, get) 、感官动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel)均接形容词作表语 系动词be中考点：“主谓一致”解题步骤：单复数判时态(2)助动词：do, does, did中考点：句型转换 句型转换时（否，疑）时，无be动词，无情态动词，则需要助动词出场。(3) 情态动词：can, could, may, must, need, shall, should, will, would中考点：意思答语，表示推测can表示“能，可能”，could比can更委婉客气些。 Could you please do sth? 表示请求答语：Of course./Sorry, but I cant.用may提问时,肯定答语Certainly./Sure. 或Yes, you can.;否定答语cant/mustntmust基本意思译为“必须”时，否定形式是“mustnt”，译为“不准，禁止”；Must I？ Yes, you must. No, you neednt. No, you dont have to.must表示推测译为“一定”时，否定形式是“cant”，译为“不可能” “have to”表示“必须，不得不”Do I have to.? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. No, you dont have to.need “需要”作实义动词 not need to do sth. 作情态动词 neednt do sth.will表示“将要，将会” a.用于回答祈使句 -Bring your homework here on time, please. -OK, I will. -Dont be late again. -Sorry, I wont.b. Will you please do sth.?表示请求答语：Of course./Sorry, but I cant.would表示“将要，将会”，比will更委婉客气些。Would you like to do sth.?常用“I would like to”或“Id like to, but.”回答shall表示“将要，将会”，常用于提建议。 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? 我们明天去野餐好吗？should表示“应该” What should I do? 我该做什么？had better do “最好做某事” had better not do“最好不做某事” Youd better do sth. 你最好四.词义辨析1借lendto借给borrowfrom借自2开open打开(门) turn on打开(电器)3关close动词，关(门) 反：openclosed形容词，关着的 反：openturn off短语，关电器，水管 反：turn on4选花费看搭档spendon/ doing/withpayfortaketo docost5穿put on动作 穿上+衣物wear 状态 穿着+衣物be in 状态 穿着+衣物，颜色dress 动作 穿上+人6忘记forget to do忘记去做某事(没做)forget doing记着已做某事(已做)把某物忘在某地用leave 不用forget7参加join+组织(人)take part in+活动(事)8记着remember to do记得去做(没做)remember doing记得已做(已做)9说speak + 语言/to sb.talk + about sth./to, with sb.谈话演讲tell + sb. / sth. 讲述，告诉say+说话内容10停stop to do停下来，去做(没做)stop doing停止正在做的(正做)11赢win+比赛/奖品 beat+人12希望hope +to do/that从句wish+ to do/that从句/sb. to do 13推测must一定cant不可能 mustnt不准本节练习:中考真题2006年32.Hangzhou is a nice city. My Dad me there when I was about ten years old. A. pulledB. caughtC. tookD. brought33.Physics more interesting than math, I think. A. areB. isC. wasD. were44. -Listen! Is that Kate playing the piano in the room? -No. It be Kate. She has gone to London. A. may not B. needntC. mustnt D. cant2007年 32. -Must I finish the work today, Mom? -No, you _. You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt38. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing? A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay2008年26. There _ a lot of rain in this area in August every year. A. isB. was C. areD. were33. -Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. -OK. I _ . A. will B. wont C. do D. dont34. Thomas, please be quiet. The others _ hear very well. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt2009年29. This silk dress _ so smooth. Its made in China. A. tastesB. smellsC. sounds D. feels37. The news _ very interesting! Tell me more! A. is B. are C. were D. was44. Helen loves to talk about travel. She _ many places.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from2010年31. -Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? -Yes, you _.A. must B. can C. may D. need36. Everyone _ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.A. find B. think C. finds D. Thinks38. This term_ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. is B. was C. has beenD. will be 2011年28.There_ lots of people at the restaurant when I got there. A. is B. was C. are D. were36. You _ eat the soup if you dont like it. A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. cant37. This sentence _ right. Please write it down.A. feels B. sounds C. tastes D. smells2012年 29. _ something wrong with my bike. Can I use yours?A. It isB. It wasC. There isD. There was35. -Whose is the pencil box? -It _ be Toms. Look at his name on the cover!A. canB. mayC. mustD. need动 词第3-4课时三中考命题方向： (4) 实义动词：及物否：实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词及物动词后面必须跟宾语；不及物动词后面不需跟宾语，跟宾语时，先加介词如：live in Beijing, look at me, agree with sb. 时态： 一般现在时原形或三单do/does常做一般过去时过去式Did过去做现在进行时be+现在分词be+ doing现在正在做过去进行时was/were+现在分词was/were+ doing过去正在做一般将来时will+原形will+ do现在将要做 过去将来时would+原形would+ do过去将要做现在完成时have/has+过去分词have/has+ done到现在已经做 过去完成时had+过去分词had+ done到过去已经做语态：被动语态：be+过去分词 be+ done “被” 中考只考：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，含情态动词被动语态 be+ done was/were+ done will be done should be done解题步骤：筛出选项中有被动项（除该而不），再判断时态即可得分无被动:感官动词feel,sound,smell,taste,look 及happen, take place,come true,come out等特例：使役动词：let, make, have 正常加省略to的不定式，被动时则带tomake sb. do sth. be made to do sth.四.时态题的解题步骤：(1)标志 (2)时间 (3)意思（1）一般现在时 标志：always, usually, often, sometimes, never等频率副词； if, when, as soon as, unless等套主将从现公式的。时间：every day, on Sundays等。意思：一般的，经常的注释：客观真理永远用一般现在时（2）一般过去时 标志：在when引导的时间状语从句，套公式： 主过进从过时间： yesterday, last week, three days ago等过去具体的时间 意思：过去（3）一般将来时 标志：in+时间段时间：tomorrow, this afternoon, next year, one day意思：将要注释：be going to表示打算或准备要做的事情,或者主观判断即将要发生的事情 “看云识天气” Its going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)（4）过去将来时 标志：later时间：the next year 意思：在过去说将要注释：中考卷上，过去将来时常用于宾从中 He said he would leave for Shanghai the next week.（5）现在进行时 标志：look, listen时间： now, at the moment等 意思：正在（6）过去进行时 标志：在when引导的时间状语从句，套公式： 主过进从过时间：at that time, this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning 意思：过去正在，当时正在（7）现在完成时 标志:already, yet, ever, for, since, so far,时间：these days, in the past years 意思：已经，还没注释a：have gone to“去了”人不在眼前, have been to“去过”人在眼前注释b：完成时句中,与for, since, how long连用时,动词要用延续形式go, come be in/atleave be awayarrive be in/atdie be deadbegin/start be onend be overbuy havejoin be a member of/be inborrow keepget married be marriedmake friends with be friends with（8） 过去完成时 标志：由when+过去时,before+过去，by+过去等引出状语从句时间状语：by the time, by (yesterday), by then, by the end of 意思：截止至过去，已经本节练习：中考真题2006年34.I on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.A. drawB.drewC.was drawingD.am drawing35.My father on business for two weeks. Hell return in 3 days. A.leftB.has leftC.has goneD.has been away36.-Could you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him? -Sure, I will let him know as soon as he back. A.comesB.cameC.has comeD.will come37.The children to swim last month and they can swim very well now. A.are taught B.were taughtC.have taughtD.taught41.Hes flown to Qingdao for summer holidays, he? Aisnt B.wasntC.hasntD.doesnt83.“Ive _ （长大）.I can help with some housework.”she said to her parents.84.Please （关掉）the lights before you leave.2007年 33. Ill do it better if the teacher _ me another chance. A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give 35. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _ the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played 37. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _ in China since 2002. A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed 39. You bought a new computer last week, _ you?A. arent B. dont C. didnt D. havent 40. There _ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to haveD. is staying 42. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab.A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told 82. The glasses he _(戴) a moment ago are broken. He needs a new pair.85. Dont be afraid of making mistakes in class. You wont be_(嘲笑)2008年27. The children _ a P.E. class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.A.have B.are having C.had D.were having32Nick _ a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.A.buys B.is buying C.bought D.will buy35. Last year, Li Hua, a college student, to work for the Olympic Games.A.is choosing B.is chosen C.was choosing D.was chosen38. Hows Annie? I _ her for a long time.A.dont see B.wont see C.didnt see D.havent seen2009年33. My friend _ me. I have to leave now.A. waits forB. waited for C. is waiting forD. was waiting for34. Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _ today.A. may doB. must do C. may be done D. must be done36. Keep practicing and you _ your English.A. improveB. will improve C. improvedD. were improving38. Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _.A. will arrive B. was arrivingC. arrives D. arrived42. I _ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?A. writeB. wroteC. am writingD. will write2010年37. Hong Kong_ to be a good place for eating today.A. knows B. knew C. is knownD. was known38. This term_ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. is B. was C. has beenD. will be39. I_ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. madeC. will makeD. had made41. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will liveD. has lived44. I_ my clothes, and the phone rang.A. wash B. washedC. am washingD. was washing2011年38.My sister wants a new dress. She _ it to the party.A.wears B.has worn C.wore D.is going to wear40.I didnt hear you because I _ the news on the radio.A.listen to B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to42.I _ my homework, I guess I cant join you.A.dont finish B.didnt finish C.havent finished D.wont finish44.The Spring Festival _ in January or February.A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated2012年38. The clothing store _ a sale. The clothes there are very cheap.A. hasB. hadC. is havingD. was having40. Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, _ many flowers these days.A. receivedB. will receiveC. was receiving D. has received41. Your sweater looks smart. Where _ you _ it?A. do, getB. did, getC. will, getD. have, got43. Where were you this morning?-I _ in the supermarket.A. will shopB. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped44. More money _ when we use both sides of paper.A. will saveB. was savedC. has savedD. will be saved82. Nancy often _ (go swimming) with her friends in summer.84. Students are _ (encourage) to share their thoughts by teachers.动 词第5-6课时五动词短语1.理论： 中考点：(1)意思 (2)结构 (3)搭配（1）动词+介词 宾语一律后置(名词，宾格，doing)（2）动词+副词 “代宾中，名中后”, 后也加doing（3）be+ adj.+介词2.记忆：1break down坏了，抛锚动+副2take (good) care of照顾3catch up with赶上4check out结账5check in登记6cheer up使某人振奋动+副7clean up打扫动+副8be covered with被覆盖9cut down 砍倒 动+副10cut up切碎动+副11end up with以某事而告终12fall over 摔倒13fall behind落后14be filled with被装满15grow up长大16hang out闲逛17hear from sb.收到某人的来信18hear of/hear about 听说19hurry up快点20keep in touch with sb. 保持连系某人21knock on/at 敲 22knock into撞23laugh at嘲笑24learn from向某人学习25leave for前往26listen to听(动作)27listen for听(目的)28live in住在29look at看30look after照顾31look like 看起来像 32look for寻找33look the same看起来一样34pick up捡起动+副35be pleased with 对满意36point to/at 指向37put on 穿上动+副38put off推迟动+副39put away 收好动+副40put out熄灭动+副41search for 搜索42send for派人去请43be sold out被卖光44shout at/to 冲喊45shut up 闭嘴动+副46shut down关闭动+副47sit down坐下48sleep late 睡过头49stand up站起50study for为而学习51be surprised at.惊讶于52thanks for因为而感谢53thanks to多亏54think of 想起 55think about考虑56throw away扔掉动+副57turn on 打开 动+副58turn off关闭动+副59turn up 调大 动+副60turn down调小动+副61turn over 翻转动+副62turn to 转向63wait for sb. 等待某人64wake up叫醒动+副65do some washing洗衣服66be worn out被穿坏67work with和打交道68work for效力于69work out做出来，起效动+副70worry about担心71write to写信给72write down写下动+副73be willing to do乐意做某事74agree with sb.同意某人75borrowfrom从借76lendto 借给77buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物78call 某人at某号用某号给某人打电话79changeinto把变成80coverwith用覆盖81divideinto把分成82feed sb. with sth. / feed on sth用喂83fight with sb. 和某人打架84fillwith用装满85happen to sb.发生在某人身上86help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事87hide sth. from sb. 藏某物远离某人88introduce sb. to sb. 介绍某人给某人89kick into把踢进90let sb. down让某人失望动+副91marry to sb. 娶/嫁某人92move to 迁往某地93play with sb. 和某人玩94sendto把送到95share with 和分享96stick into插进本节练习：中考真题2006年39.He has failed several times, but he wont . A.go onB.come onC.get upD.give up83.“Ive （长大）.I can help with some housework.”she said to her parents.84.Please （关掉）the lights before you leave.2007年44. He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. A. picked up B. threw away C. looked forD. handed in 84. Alice is so nice that everyone likes to_(交朋友)her.2008年37. _ those lights, please. Dont use so much energy.A.Take off B.Put on C.Turn off D.Turn on79.XuLi,with his friends, (拾起)waste paper in the park every Sunday.80.Do you know this table (由制成)bamboo?2009年40. Sally, _ your sunglasses. The sun is so bright.A. put onB. put upC. put awayD. put down44. Helen loves to talk about travel. She _ many places.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from84. They _ (同意) us on some matters yesterday afternoon. 2010年35. Mike _ his computer and checked his e-mail.A. turned onB. turned off C. turned up D. turned down84. Steven_ (参加) the school dancing club last year.2011年35.Would you please _ my baby brother while Im cooking?A.take out of B.take care of C.take part in D.take away from85.Victor _(敲)the door before he walked into the room.2012年 39. _ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine. A. Cut down B. Look downC. Turn down D. Put down动 词第7-8课时六非谓语动词:（1）不定式to do 否定式：not to do 作主语：被视为单数，常被形式主语it代替，而把to do 置于句尾 例：It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do sth. 作表语：be+ to do sth.“是做某事” 作宾语：常用动词：like, wish, hope, decide, learn, start, agree, want, plan等。 被形宾代替：think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. 作宾补：常用动词： teach, tell, ask, invite, wish, want, allow, encourage等。常用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有：感官动词：see, notice, watch, hear使役动词：have, make, let 在被动语态中要还原to 作定语：要后置。若不定式是不及物动词，作定语时其后介词不能省。 修饰的名词是time,place,way时其后上常省略介词 作状语：表目的：go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do 表原因：be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do疑问词+不定式 相当于一个名词 俗称“宾从省略式” (2)现在分词doing 作主语：被视为单数作宾语：常用动词： miss, mind, enjoy,finish,keep, practice, consider等。 介词后加动词一律加doing形式。 (3)过去分词done 常用公式：get/have sth. done使某物被解题步骤：(1)找空前动词(2)回忆公式1.接不定式的 即：+to do1afford to do负担得起做某事2agree to do同意做某事3ask sb.(not) to do 要求某人(不)做某事4choose to do选择做某事5decide to do决定做某事6encourage sb. to do鼓励某人做某事7expect to do期望做某事8fail to do未能做某事9follow sb. to do 跟随某人做某事10help s