名词性从句高三复习ppt课件.ppt

名词性从句 1 基本概念 名词性从句是相当于名词的句子在句中作主语 宾语 表语 同位语 因此分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 2 1 主语从句 1 引导主语从句的关联词有三类 从属连词that 不充当句子成分 没有词汇意义 Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem 从属连词whether 是否 不能使用if Whetherhewillcomehereisnotclear 连接代词who whom whose what which whoeverwhatever whichever whoever anyonewhowhatever anythingthatwhichever any that 3 Examples Whowillgivethespeechisnotknownyet Whotheprizewillbegiventoisnotdecidedyet Whoseroomitisisclear Whathesaidatthemeetingwastrue Whathesaidatthemeetingisnotknownyet Which one youlikehasnothingtodowithme Whoevercomesiswelcome WhateverIhaveisatyourservice Whichever ofyou comesfirstwillreceiveaprize Whicheveryouwantisyours 4 连接副词where when how why Wherethemeetingwillbehelddependsontheweather Whentheyareleavingisbeingdiscussed Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone Whyhewasabsentyesterdaywasthathewasillathome 5 2 主语从句常用it作形式主语的有 It be 形容词 obvious truenatural surprising good wonderful funny possible likely certain probable etc that Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything It be 名词词组 nowonder anhonour agoodthing apity nosurprise etc that Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame It be 过去分词 said reported thought expected decided announced arranged suggested that Itisannouncedintoday snewspaperthatBushwillpayavisittoChinanextweek 6 It seems appears happens等不及物动词及短语 that IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday Itdoesn tmatter makesnodifferencesetc 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Itmakesnodifferenceswhereweshallhavethemeeting 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时 用it作形式主语 Howstrangeitisthattheyaresoquiet 7 2 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave A What whatB What thatC That thatD That what youdon tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness A WhatB WhoC ThatD Whether that不充当任何成分 what充当宾语 Consolidation 8 3 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where4 hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising A WhoB TheoneC AnyoneD Whoever whoever anyonewho凡 者 5 wantstodocomputerstudentsshouldsign onthispaper A Who hisnameB Theonewho hernameC Thosewho theirnameD Whoever theirnames 9 6 isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage A ThereB ThisC ThatD It it作形式主语 7 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey A whileB thatC ifD for 8 seemsstrangetousis thetroublesomeboyisgettingalongwellwithallhisteachers A It thatB What howC It howD What that what作主语 充当成分 10 9 ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty A untilB thatC thenD so 10 Itwasabout600yearsago thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade A thatB untilC beforeD when 11 1 Iremember thisusedtobeaquitevillage A whenB howC whereD what 2 Doyouknow MrBlack saddressis HemayliveatNo 18orNo 19ofBridgeStreet I mnotsure A what whichB where whichC where whatD what where 宾语从句 12 3 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo 2001 A howB afterC whatD when 4 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants A howeverB whateverC whicheverD whenever 13 5 ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo Icantosavethem A whateverB thatC whichD whichever 6 Myfoothurtsterribly doctor Well Iwonder ithasbeenlikethis A sincewhenB sincethenC howD when 14 7 Doyouremember hecame Yes Ido hecamebycar A whereB howC thatD if 8 Pleasetellme youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee blackorwhite A whatB whereC whenD how 9 Thosechildrenarewild Ifeelsorryfor hastobetheirbabysitter A whoeverB whoC whomeverD someone 15 Thequestioniswhocancompletethedifficulttask Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing 表语从句 16 1 IdrovetoZhuHaifortheairshowlastweek Isthat youhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where 2 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedtheirinterestinherlessons A what whyB That whatC what becauseD why that 17 3 Thereason theirfailureyouknowis theydidn tgetfullypreparedfortheexperiment A why thatB that whyC for thatD why become 4 Goandgetyourcoat It s youleftit A thereB whereC therewhereD wherethere 18 5 Thatis Iwasbornandgrewup A thereB inwhichC whereD theplace 6 Irangyouataboutten buttherewasnoreply Oh thatwasprobably Iwasseeingthedoctor A whenB whyC whatD that 7 Airistous wateristofish A thatB whatC whereD how AistoBwhatCistoDA之于B犹如C之于D 19 同位语从句 引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact news promise idea truth hope question belief suggestion thought order problem fear doubt etc 连接词用that 不能省 不用which 还用how when where why whether 不用if etc 20 Eg 1 WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome 2 EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia 3 Ihavenoideawhetherhewillcomeornot 4 Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration 5 Wehaven tsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation 21 练习 Informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities A whileB thatC whenD as2 Tomleftwordwithmysecretary hewouldcallagainintheafternoon AwhoBthatCasDwhich3 Thereisafeelinginme wewillneverknowwhataUFOis notever AthatBwhichCofwhichDwhat 22 1 名词性从句考点1 引导词that与what that与whether if与whether what与how等的区别 2 名词性从句的时态和语序问题 3 名词性从句的语气问题 4 同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别 23 1 名词性从句的引导词问题问题1 Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool Itisnolonger itwas20yearsago itwassopoorlyequipped 05安徽卷 A what whenB that whichC what whichD which that 前句考查的是that与what的区别 that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 而what可充当名词性的成分 前句的表语从句中还缺少表语 故只能用what 后句是定语从句 修饰20yearsago 所以须用when 24 问题2 1 Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon 上海2001 A whenB ifC whetherD why2 Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand itisroughorsmooth 05天津卷 A 不填B whetherC howD what 在名词性从句中表示 是否 这一概念时 连词if一般只能引导宾语从句 而题1是表语从句 故不能选B 注意doubt的用法 如果是肯定句 用whether 如果是否定句 用that 宾语从句中 以下情况只用whether不用if 与or连用时 后接不定式短语时 在decide besure等动词后 25 问题3 leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights MET1988 A AnyoneB ThepersonC WhoeverD Who whoever引导名词性从句时表示 无论哪一个 相当于anyonewho who引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的 谁 根据该题的意思不难作出选择 选项A B后都缺少了who 而引导定语从句的who是不能省略的 同时还需要注意whoever与nomatterwho whatever与nomatterwhat等的区别 wh ever既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句 而nomatterwh 只能引导状语从句 26 问题4 1 Iwassurprisedbyherwords whichmademerecognize sillymistakesIhadmade 05湖南卷 A whatB thatC howD which2 Parentsaretaughttounderstand importanteducationistotheirchildren sfuture 04广东 A thatB howC suchD so what与how引导感叹句时 what后加名词 how后加形容词和副词 其结构为 What a adj n 但要注意在what后不能加表示数量的many much few little等词 How adj a n 要注意的是how后的名词只能为单数名词 题1中是复数名词 只能用what 题2中的正常语序是 educationisimportanttotheir 所以选B 27 1 Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents alwayswherethey today 05北京卷 A aren t areB aren t wereC weren t areD weren t were2 Hurryup AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate Oh Ithoughtthey withoutme 05江西卷 A wentB aregoingC havegoneD hadgone 当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时 名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定 可以有各种时态 当主句的动词为过去时态时 从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时 除非表示客观真理 2 名词性从句中的时态问题 28 1 Someoneisringingthedoorbell Goandsee 全国2000 A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis2 Thephotographswillshowyou MET1989 A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike 名词性从句中都用陈述语序 不用倒装语序 题1中的干扰项是B 对想要知道的人提问或应答都用it而不用人称代词he I you等 题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了 3 名词性从句中的语序问题 29 4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气A 宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest order demand request desire insist require decide determine advise recommend deserve 值得提及 后需用should型的虚拟语气 Theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock A finishedB befinishedC shouldfinishD finish2 Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness Hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce A musthaveB hadC haveD hadhad 30 B 主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型 Itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doItisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative that should doItisapity ashame nowonder that should do 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold 31 C 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 Myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference I