Unit5同位语从句.docx

Unit5同位语从句（Noun Clauses as the Appositive）一、概念所谓同位语，是指跟在某些名词的后面，对前者做进一步的解释、说明、补充和概括，但不对前者起修饰作用的一种句子成分。如果这一成分不是以词、词组的形式而是以句子的形式，那么这样的句子就叫同位语从句。学习步骤：Step 1: 认识与了解同位语和同位语从句1. 名词作同位语 Mr Wang, my childs teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2.短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 Step 2: 找出下列句子中的同位语并且知道它是以什么形式作同位语：1. The youngest boy, Peter, refused to accept the money（ ）2. He has read all kinds of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign 3. Thats her habit, reading in bed（ ）4. Your suggestion, to strike while the iron is hot, seemed a good idea（ ）5. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers. （ ）6. Im looking for a job driving cars（ ）7. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends（ ）8. He is interested in sports, especially ball games. （ ）以上句子中的同位语不能叫同位语从句的原因 以上句子中的同位语和前面的那个名词是否是同一个人或事物 Step 3:观察下列句子划红线的部分。1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he will come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 上面句子划线的部分在句中作名词的同位语从句，对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。你能找出它们所解释的名词吗？Step 4:感悟什么是同位语从句，请划出下列句子中的同位语从句：1.The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed2. We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting3. The question whether to confess or not troubled the girl4. The news that our team has won the game was true.5. I have no idea where I should go.6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.7. The suggestion that she should stay in the room is good.小结归纳：（1）同位语从句的引导词有： （2）同位语从句前面的先行名词有什么共同特征 同位语从句的概念和功能：1. 概念: 在复合句中作名词的 的 从句叫做同位语从句。2. 功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步 、 名词的具体内容。Step 5.从P.34 Reading中找出同位语从句并写在下面：（a） (b) (c) (d) Step 6.巩固练习：（填入适当的连词引导同位语从句）(that, who, which, when, where, whether, what，why, how)1. The fact she works hard is well known to us all2. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.3. He often asked me the question the work was worth doing 4. This is our only request that this (should)be settled as soon as possible.5. I have no idea he will start6. I have no idea size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 7. I have no idea wine is bestits a matter of personal taste. 8. l have no idea he will be back9. The question will take his place is still not clear（who作主语）10. We havent yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 归纳与总结同位语从句的引导词 Step 7:翻译同位语从句所缺的部分：(that, who, which, when, where, whether, what，why, how)1.The belief (考个好大学)is always encourage me.2.Have you heard the news (香港学生要来我们学校)？3.The thought (火星上有生命)interests scientists.4.The question (谁去出席会议)hasnt been solved 5. The question (是否举行会议) is still not clear.6. The question (会议在那举行)hasnt been solved.7. The question (会议何时举行) is still not clear.8. The question (我们在会上说什么)hasnt been solved.9. The question (我们去那些城市)hasnt been decided.10.Word comes (期中考试即将来临) Step 8:学习同位语从句时的难点和注意1.同位语从句与定语从句区别（1）意义的不同 同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来： We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句) We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句) （2）. 引导词的不同what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。 （3）. 引导词的功能上的不同 that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。 （4）. 先行词词类上不同 同位语从句的先行名词比较有限，且有一定内涵的抽象名词，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定： I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句) Ill never forget the days when I lived