湖北省十堰市高考英语 单项选择、阅读理解回顾训练（14）.doc

十堰市2014高考英语单项选择、阅读理解回顾训练（14）及答案单项选择-专题探究 专题探究：专题详解：主要考查的知识点：情态动词的基本含义和用法：情态动词表推测的用法以及情态动词+have十v-ed结构等。重点复习：maymightcancould表示可能；mustcancouldmay mighthave done表示对过去发生事情的推测。shouldought to have done表示对过去的责备。would ratherhave done以及had bet ler-have done表示后悔。willshail表示请求许可：couldmight should have done表示虚拟语气。考题 (典型例题) our holiday is coming. arc yon going home for the holiday7 i havent decided yet. i go home. hut it depends on the weather. a. must b. need c. may d. will考题点拨：答案为c。本题考查情态动词表示可能性的用法。must表示非常肯定的语气,need表示“必须需要”will表示”意愿” 而may表示把握不大的一种可能性，后面常跟but分句。故答案为c。单项选择-考题类型 回顾1 测试语法 (典型例题 -can the project be finished as planned? sure. it comppleted in time, well work two more hours a day.a. having got b. to get c. getting d. get1b 点拨：此题考查不定式作目的状语。句意为：“这项工程能按计划完成吗?当然，为了让它按时完成，我们将每天加班两小时。”回顾2 测试考点 9 (典型例题)the three sisters de- cided to bold a family party to their parents silver wedding.a. celebrate b. memorize c. congratulate d. welcome2a 点拨：此题考查动词的词义辨析。celebrate表示“庆祝”；memorize表示“记忆”；welcome表示“欢迎”；congratulate表示“祝贺”；根据题意“那三姐妹决定举办一次家庭宴会来庆祝她们父母的银婚”。故排除b、d两项。celebrate接物作宾语，不接人；congratulate后接人作宾语，不接物。故选a。回顾3 测试语法 (典型例题inda worked for the minne-sota manuiacturing and mining company, as 5m. a. knowing b. known c. being known d. to be known3b点拨：此题考查非谓语动词用法。句意为：“琳达为明尼苏达州制造和矿业公司工作，该公司又著称3m公司”。很明显“ as 3m是定语修饰the minnesota manufacturing and mining company。且know与先行词之间是被动关系。故用过去分词作定语。 回顾4 测试语法 (典型例题you cant catch me janet shouted. away. a. run b. running c. to run d. ran4b点拨：此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：“你抓不到我!珍妮特喊道。跑开了。”为现在分词作伴随状语，故用run一ning。回顾5 测试语法 (典型例题 from other conti nents for millions of years. australia has many plants and ani reals not found in any other country in the world. a. being separated b. having separhted c. having been separated d. to be separated5c 点拨：此题考查非谓语动词的用法。由下半句中“austral ia has”可知前半句的逻辑主语为australia，“分割开”这个动作发生在很久以前且与其逻辑主语是被动关系，所以应用现在分词的完成被动式表被动的概念，作状语，故选“having been separated”。单项选择-强化训练 备考1测试考点 4 they have a theory that it is possible to tellthe time in daylight by a cats eyes. a. looking up b. looking into c. looking for d. looking out1b 点拨：根据题意：他们有一套理论能够在白天通过观察猫的眼睛，来预知时间。look up表示“向上看，查寻”；look into“往里面看，观察，调查”；look for表示“寻找”；look out“向外看，留心”。故选b。 备考2测试考点1 when you are interviewed, a good speech sometimes can you a good job. a. offer b. give c. apply d. guarantee2d点拨：此题考查动词词义辨析。offer sbsth“提供某人某物?；give sbsth“给某人某物”；apply表示。申请”；guar antee sbsth。确保某人某物”;根据题意“当面试时，好的口才能确保你一份好工作”。故选d。备考3测试考点 5 mary as well as her classmates one examination after another. a. are tired of having b. are tired with c. is tired of having d. is tired to have3c点拨此题考查主谓一致和be tired of“对感到厌倦”。句意为：“玛丽及她的同学厌倦了一次接一次的考试”。且mary as well as her classmates作主语，谓语动词与mary一致。 备考4测试考点 7 you be interested, ill tell you the whole story.a. would b. might c. should d. could4c点拨：此题考查情态动词的用法。a、b、d三项用于句首表示疑问，而本题是一陈述句，且句子运用倒装句型，只有should用在if条件句中，表示“未来极少有可能发生的事情”，通常省略if将should提到句首。should表示“万一，如果”。故选c。备考5测试考点 8 be quiet ! is no need to argue with him about it for such a long time. a. it b. that c. there d. this5c 点拨：本题考查theres no need to do sth“没有必要干”这一句型。 备考6测试考点 3 i think he is a good man to get along with though he loses his temper a. by and by b. step by step c. every now and then d. little by little6c 点拨：此题考查副词短语的用法。根据句意为：“我认为他是一个很好相处的人，虽然有时会发脾气”。故选c。 备考7测试考点6 the old man is in danger. the doctors are doing their best to do they could him. a. all what; to save b. all that; save c. what; to save d. what; save7c 点拨：do what they could这一结构是what引导的宾语从句作do的宾语，they could后省略do,to save him是动词不定式作目的状语。选项a中all作先行词时后面定语从句用that引导，不用what。 备考8测试考点 9 mum, i have passed the driving test. a. good luck b. come on c. congratulations d. cheers8c点拨：此题考查交际用语。从ive passed the driving test可知，“我已通过驾驶考试是值得祝贺的事”故选c。good luck表示“祝你好运”对于将要做的事情使用呲句型。 备考9测试语法 out of the window, i saw my headt-eacher talking with someone. a. to look b. looked c. looking d. being looked9c点拨：此题考查非渭语动词用法。“ out of the window作状语分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，故look的主语为i且look与i之间为主动关系。故用现在分词表示。备考10 高考新题型：阅读填空题dear wang qiang, now ill tell you how to get to my school by bus. you can take a (1) bus just on the left side of your home and get off at nan jing road. when you get off, go across the street and take a (2) bus and then get off at the terminus. go for- ward and turn left at the first crossing to (3) road. go along the road and you will see a macdonalds on your (4) and my school (5) is just next to it. ill be expecting you at 3:10 at our school gate. dont be late. yours, li hua参考答案10(1)no44 (2)no12 (3)peace (4)right (5)no12 middle school一、数词数词分为两种：基数词（表示数目）和序数词（表示顺序）。考点一dozen与score的用法1dozen（一打，十二），score（二十）与具体数词或与many，several 等连用时，后不加s，所修饰的名词前常省去of。如：two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋，many dozen pencils好多打铅笔；dozen，score的复数形式后接of时，表示“许多”，是概数。如：dozens of eggs几十个鸡蛋，scores of pencils几十支铅笔。此外，有“数词scoreof名词”这种用法。如：two score of eggs 40个鸡蛋，three score of people 60个人。2当所修饰的名词之前有限定词these，those，my，your等或是修饰人称代词宾格them，us，you时，这时需要加of。如：two dozen of these pens，three score of them。考点二分数的表达法分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1，则分母用复数。如：onefourth（a quarter）1/4 twofifths 2/5twothirds of the money was spent on food.考点三年龄的表达法表示某人的确切年龄，用“基数词years old”或者“at the age of基数词”，也可直接用基数词；表示某人几十多岁时，用“in ones逢十的基数词的复数（如tens，twenties，thirties等）”来表达。she is still in her twenties.她才二十几岁。考点四年代的表达法表示“几十年代”时，在阿拉伯数字后加s或s。my grandpa was born in 1910s.二、主谓一致谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。“语法一致”也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词亦为复数形式。“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致问题。主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。“就近一致”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和与其最近的主语保持一致。考点一谓语动词用单数的情况1主语为表示时间、距离、金钱、度量、容量、书名等整体概念的名词时。ten miles is not a long way for me.2由and连接的两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语，前面由不定代词every/each/no修饰时。every student and every teacher is in the classroom.3and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，因而两个名词共用一个冠词时。the writer and artist has come.bread and butter is her favourite food.4the number of复数名词作主语时。the number of professors present at the meeting is 1800.5动名词（短语）、不定式、从句等作主语时。what he said is very important for us all.6one and a half复数名词；more than one单数名词；many a单数名词作主语时。more than one student has gone to beijing.7“the形容词”表示一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数。the new is sure to replace the old.考点二谓语动词用复数的情况1有些集合名词，如：clothes，cattle，folk，people，police，poultry（家禽）等作主语，后面的谓语动词多用复数形式。the police are searching for the murderer.2“the形容词或分词”表示某一类人时动词用复数。the old are living a happy life now.3由and或both.and.连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式（不可数名词同样）。both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.考点三谓语动词单复数视情况而定1集合名词如：group，family，class，government，team，public，enemy，crowd，audience，club，party，crew等作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式，如果侧重其成员，谓语动词用复数形式。the family which is not big like watching football games.2主语是单复数同形的名词如：deer，sheep，fish，series，species，means，works，aircraft等时，视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。a new means has been used by our government.many means have not come into effect.3代词none，neither，all等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于所指代的内容。all our hope has gone.all the students have come on time.4population表示“人口”，即一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当它前面有分数或百分数时，population是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，它作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。the population of canada is about 29 million.eighty percent of the population in this country are farmers.考点四“名词（或代词）介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致1有时主语与谓语动词之间插入一个介词短语，该短语对谓语动词不产生影响。the danger of forest fires is not to be taken lightly.2当主语后面跟有with，together with，along with，accompanied by，like，in addition to，as well as，as much as，more than，rather than，no less than，except，but，besides，including等连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数要与它们前面的主语取得一致。the singer together with his agent has arrived.考点五“名词（或代词）of名词”作主语时的主谓一致1由“some，plenty，a lot，lots，most，the rest，all，half，part或分数、百分数of名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。一般来说，如果of后面所接名词为复数形式，谓语动词为复数；如果of后面所接名词为单数形式或不可数名词，谓语就用单数形式。 about one third of the books are well worth reading.over 30% of the work has been finished.2由“a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of”和“名词of this kind”等，以及type，sort，part，piece，section，pair等构成的同类型短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词保持数的一致。this kind of animals is dangerous.animals of this kind are dangerous.3“a large amount of不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。“large amounts of不可数名词”作主语，谓语用复数。“a large quantity of不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。“a large quantity of复数名词”作主语，谓语用复数。“large quantities of不可数名词/复数名词”作主语，谓语用复数。“a good/great deal of不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。vast amounts of money are being invested in the local market.考点六就近原则1由or，either.or，neither.nor，not only.but also.等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，采用就近一致原则，即谓语动词和与它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。not only his family but also he likes chaplins movies.are either you or your brother going to the party?2there be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。there are some envelopes and paper for you.考点七定语从句中的主谓一致1在定语从句里，关系代词that，who，which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。those who have seen the film please put up your hands.2“one of复数名词定语从句”结构中，从句中谓语动词要用复数形式。tom is one of the boys who have gone abroad.3“the only one of复数名词定语从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。he is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.第三节 情景语义训练16. _ teacher of my grandfathers will come tomorrow . im wondering how old _ man he should be. a. the; a b. a; a c. a; the d. the; the17.bob, you cannot smoke any more. it will damage your health.i know. i _ smoking. believe me! a. the; a b. a; a c. a; the d. the; the18. i would love _ to the cinema last night, but i had to look after my sick sister at home. a. to go b. to have gone c. going d. having gone19.i p