冠词的分类、口诀、练习题及答案.doc

1、 热点、考点回顾（1） 冠词的分类：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词 不定冠词：a、an（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前） 定冠词：the 零冠词：（2） 冠词用法口诀1、定冠词的用法江河海洋与群山，沙漠群岛海峡湾。阶级党派朝代名，家族民族与报刊。厂矿机关农历节，天体组织会议船。习语特指独有词，普通名词专有含。计量单位洋乐器，人的事物再次谈。方位次序最高级，前面都需用定冠。详细解释：江河、海洋与群山the Changjiang River 长江the Thames 泰晤士河the Red Sea 红海 the Baltic 波罗的海the Pacific 太平洋 the Alps 阿尔卑斯山the Tian-shan Mountains 天山山脉沙漠、群岛、海峡湾 the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 the Gobi 戈壁 the Philippines 菲律宾群岛 the Balkan Peninsula 巴尔士半岛 the British Isles 不列颠群岛the English Channel 英伦海峡the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡the Persian Gulf 波斯湾阶级、党派、朝代名the working class 工人阶级the nobility 贵族阶级the Communist Party 共产党the Republican Party 共和党the Tang Dynasty 唐朝the Ming Dynasty 明朝the Stone Age 石器时代家族、民族、报刊The Browns get along well with their neighbours布朗一家和邻居们相处得很好。注意：定冠词和姓氏的复数形式连用时，指“全家人”。定冠词和姓氏的单数形式连用时，则指同一姓氏几个人中的某一个人。如：Id like to see the MrTom who teaches French我想见一下教法语的那位汤姆先生（意即还有从事其他工作的汤姆）。 The Chinese are a brave and hard working people中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。 The English have a wonderful sense of humour英国人十分富有幽默感。 注意：定冠词和表示民族的词连用时指“整个民族”。 the Peoples Daily 人民日报 the Daily Mail 每日电讯报 the Times 泰晤士报 the Atlantic 大西洋日刊厂矿、机关、农历节 the Anshan Iron and Steel 鞍山钢铁厂the Beijing No2 Textile Mill 北京第二棉纺厂 the Ministry of Education 教育部 the State Department 美国国务院the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节the Spring Festival 春节the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节天体、组织、会议、船 the Earth 地球 the Sun 太阳 the sky 天空the Communist Youth League 共青团the Communist Party 共产党 the 11th Party Congress 第十一次党代会the Geneva Agreement 日内瓦协议the Queen Mary 玛丽女王号（船名）the Flying Scotsman 苏格兰飞人号（快车）the Comet 彗星号（飞机名）习语、特指、独有词 习惯短语：in the morning，on the left， the day before yesterday，all the same 特指某些人或物：The book on the desk is mine. Show me the photo of the boy, please. 用在形容词前表示一类人，“特指”某类人和物，其后动词应用复数形式。例如：the old 老人 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员 the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物 独有词（表示世上独一无二的事物，例如天体）The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大些。普通名词专有含( 指由普通名词构成的专有名词 ) the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wall 长城 the United States 美国 the United Nations 联合国 the Long March 长征 计量单位洋乐器计量单位：用于表示计量单位的单数名词前，意为“按照标准（单位）”例如：Workers are paid by the week. Meat is sold by the pound.洋乐器：play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 人的事物再次谈 He lives on a farm. The farm is not big. 他住在农场，这农场不大。方位次序最高级用在表示方向、方位的名词前 the east 东方 the west 西方 the south 南方 the north 北方 the right右边 the left左边次序： The first man to land on the moon is an American. 第一个登上月球的人是美国人。最高级：Summer is the hottest season of the year. 夏天是一年中最炎热的季节。2、不用冠词的集中情况。 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前; 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭; 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前; 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词专有名词和不可数名词(物质名词: air, water和抽象名词: work, love)前。专有名词： （街名）Wang Fu Jing Street 王府井大街 Naking Road 南京路 （广场名）Tian An Men Square 天安门广场 （公园名）Pei Hai Park 北海公园 Hyde Park 海德公园 （大学名）Beijing University 北京大学 Zhejiang University浙江大学 不可数名词前： The desk is made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle. 表示学科的(如：maths、Chinese、physics)名词前 Physics is the science of matter and energe. 物理学是物质和能量的科学球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前球类活动：Play football , basketball, Volleyball, chess We usually play football when we are free. I dont like to play chess with her.三餐： breakfast, lunch, supper I had lunch in that restaurant. 我在那家餐馆吃的午饭。 Shall we have dinner together? 我们一起吃饭好么？复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时Horses are useful animals. My mother and father are school teachers. 西方节日、季节(winter)、星期(Sunday)、月份(May)前西方节日：Womens Day 妇女节 Labour Day 劳动节 Childrens Day儿童节 April Fools Day愚人节 Thanksgiving Day感恩节 Christmas Day圣诞节我国节日： the Spring Festival春节 the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 月份：He will leave for America in October.季节：Spring comes after winter. 表示颜色、语种、国家的非全称名词 Its red / yellow. speak English/Japanese) We live in China. They come from America.)。 在称呼或表示头衔的名词前指职位、头衔的词，如king，captain，president，chairman 等。He is (the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open.作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。某些习惯短语中(如：in bed、go to school等)。 go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 go by train 乘火车去 go by boat 乘船去 at table 在用餐 in hospital 住院 at school 求学 in school 求学 at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 at midnight 在半夜 in town 在城里在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词 by car, bus, bike, rain, air/ water/ landtake a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus系动词turn（作“变成”解）后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词The young girl has turned writer.man, woman表示泛指时，不用冠词，且常用单数。如：Man is fighting a battle against pollution. Man tries to be the protector of woman.（三）不定冠词常用的几种情况:（1）表示“一”相当于“one”。Ill return in a day or two.（2）表示“每”相当于“per”。We have three meals a day.（3）表示“同一性”相当于“the same”。The children are of an age. （4）表示类指，表示“某类”。He wants to he a doctor.（5）表示泛指，相当于“any”。A horse is a useful animal.（6）表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. （7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件”如：a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事， a joy一件高兴的事，a pity一件遗憾的事， an honour一个（件）经以为荣的人(事)（8）与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。What a heavy rain! What a good supper!Please give me a black coffee!（9） 不可数名词前一般不加不定冠词。但某些物质名词和抽象名词 如：tea, rain, water, snow, ink ,soup, coffee，surprise, pity, pleasure, joy, education, history, love, courage, success, failure, beauty, knowledge等前常加不定冠词用来表示”一种”、”一类”、“一场”、”一阵”、” 一番”、“具体的人或事”等意。What a big supper he had! He was really hungry He is a success他成功了。2、 典型例题1、_recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090.A、A, the B、 A, / C、The ,/ D、The, a2、If you go by _train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _fast one. A、/, / B、/, a C、 the, a D、/,/ 3、It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life. A、 /,/ B、 /,a C、the,/ D、the, a4、I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city ,I only remember it was _ Monday.。 A、the , the B、a ,the C、 a, a D、 the, a5、If you grow up in _large family ,youare more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others .A、/,an the B.、a, the ,/ C.、the ,an ,the D.、a, the ,the 6、Mrs ,Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes. A、a, a B、 an ,the C.、an ,a D. the, a7、After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson _ride to _Capital Airport. A 、the, a B、a the C、 /, a D、/, the 8、On May 5,2005,at _World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1. A、a ,a B、 / the C、a ,/ D、 the ,a 9、I knew _John Lennon ,but not _famous one. A、 /,a B、a ,the C、 the D、the, a 10、The book tells _life story of John Smith ,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. A. the, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/ 3、 课堂练习1、When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel ; I can find you _be in my flat. A. the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the D. a,/2、If you buy more than ten, they will knock20pence off_. A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices 3、_on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.A. The ,/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/4、When he left _college ,he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office . A. /, a B/, the C .a the D .the, the5、The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the6、While he was investigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made _discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of color.A. a ,/ B. a ,the C. /, the D. the ,a7、It is _world of wonders, _world where anything can happen. A. a. the B. a, a C. the, a D. /,/8、Tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other student in our class.A. the ,/ B. a,/ C. a ,the D. /, the9、For a long time they walked without saying _word .Jim was the first t break _silence. A. the, a B. a ,the C. a ,/ D. the,/10、There was _time _I hated t go to school.A. a ,that B. a ,when C. the ,that D. the ,when 4、 课后练习 1、When you finish reading the book ,you will have _better understanding of _life., A. a, the B. the .a C. /,the D.a,/2、I earn 10dollars _hours as _supermarket cashier on Saturday.A. a, an B. the ,a C. an ,a D . an ,the3、The sign reads “in ease of_fire ,break the glass and push _red button”A. /,a B. /,the C. the ,the D. a ,a 4、I dont like talking on _telephone ; I prefer writing _letter.A. a, the B. the./ C. the ,the D. A ,/5、Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience. A. /, the B. /, an C. an. an D. the, the 6、One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _good knowledge of basic word formation.A. / B the C. a D. one7、The cakes are delicious . Hed like have _third one because _second one is rather too small.A. a, a B. the .the C. a ,the D. the ,a 8、A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _leg. A. a B .one C. the D. his9、The warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used.A. the, the B. the ,/ C. /, the D. /,/10、I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting。It is not your fault. With _ _ rush-hour traffic and _ _ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late。A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a参考答案1A report 可数名词， a recent report 一份近来的报告，是泛指；第二个空填the 表特指示2090年。2B. by train 乘火车，by 在接交通工具类的同时，一般不接冠词，如by bike , by ship ; 根据句意第二个空应该是泛指。3B teachers 此处用名词复数表泛指，指一切老师；have a life 相当于live /lead alife 过一种、样的生活4D. leave the city 离开这座城市。a Monday 一个星期一，表泛指。5.B. a large family 一个大家庭；the ability此处表泛指“与别人相处好的能力”； others其他人表泛指。6C. have a gift for 有做、的天赋，相当于have a talent for.7.B. give sb. a ride 让某人搭车，此处ride 是可数名词，表示“搭车”。 8.D. the World Table Tennis Championship是专有名词，由普通名词构成的专有名词，一般前面要加the；with a score of 比分是9.B. a John Lennon 一个叫做John Lennon的人，表泛指。10. C leave school 毕业11A. go to the hotel 去旅店 ；a bed 此处表泛指，“一个地方”12C. the price 此处表特指，“原价”。13B.此句的意思是：在讲英语的加拿大人和讲法语的加拿大人之间的那种逐渐增长的分歧是这个国家一个主要担心的问题。第一个空用the 表特指；第二个空用a表泛指，泛指主要是担心问题中的一个。14.A. leave col