初三英语考前辅导2012610.pdf

初三英语考前辅导2012 6 10 一 选择填空 单项选择内容涉及语法 词法 惯用法 句型 口语交际等诸多方面 题目比较灵活 覆盖面广 单项选择题解题技巧 1 题目要看准看全 2 全面分析题干 冷静思考选项 3 找准题目的考点 反复比较 可用直接法 排除法 推理法 常识法 反证法解题 但多数题目都源于课本 一改过去只考查语法知识的传统 分析起来主要有以下一些特点 1 题目重视语境的创设 解答必须首先吃透语境 把握题干的全部信息 进行合埋的推断 作深层 的理解 并从词法 语法和惯用法 搭配等角度全方位考虑 如 例1 Would you like some tea Yes I prefer tea sugar A to B with C than D from 2 强调在情景对话场合中考查语言知识 许多题目是由对话构成题材 使语言知识的考查更灵活 更生活化 如 例2 When shall we meet again Make it day you like it s all the same to me A one B another C some D any 解析 选D 这里make it是用来约定时间 从下文智it s all the same to me 这对我来说都一样来看 只能选择D any 任何 任意 3 题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑 通过各种手段考查综合运用语言的能力 如 例3 The schools in China are different from A America schools B that of America C America D those in America 解析 选D 考查 比较级要在同类事物之间进行比较 和 替代 the schools用those来代替 做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响误选C 题目的迷惑性很大 4 题目的综合性增强 同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点 有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空 格 有些题目虽然只有一个空格 但涉及多个考点 如 例4 I don t know if it tomorrow If it I won t go A will rain rains B will rain will rain C rams rains D rains will rain 解析 选A 这里考查了if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句两种不同的用法 前面一句中的if引导的是宾 语从句 由于主句的时态是现在时态 因此宾语从句根据需要用一般将来时 而后一句if引导的 条件是状语从句 因主句是一般将来时 从句只能用一般现在时 所以做题时要看清题干 注意常用的语法现象 语言环境和习惯用语 常采用择优法 排除法 比 较法 运用逻辑推理法 固定结构判断法 在做题的过程中 务必看清句子的干扰项 1 冠词 字母 单词 里以元音开头的 如表示一个 件 只 则用 an an f l m n s x a e i o r h an hour an orange an honest boy an eight year old boy an eleven metre wide river an unusual day 字母 单词 中以辅音开头的 如表示一个 件 则用a u a second time 再 又一次 a third chance 又一次机会 a useful book a university a one eyed cat 2 名词 the Green family the Greens 注意谓语动词 class the elderly young old rich poor police audience e g His family are having supper in the dining room now The Green family has moved to Paris two months years 20 dollars 表示 数学运算 重量 金钱 距离 时间 数目等复数名 10 meters 词或短语做主语看作一整体 注意谓语动词用单数 e g Two Months has passed since he came here the number of a number of 使用谓语动词的区别 几分之几的 百分之几的 most of 谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体名词或代词 e g 1 Three fifths of the money is mine 2 89 of the students are from cities 3 About two thirds of the earth is covered with water 4 A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday 5 Many a boy enjoys playing football in our playground 6 More than one person has been to Beijing 主语为单数 且后面跟有with together with along with besides except like等 谓语动词用单数 e g The manager along with his secretary is going to the meeting room The worker and writer and所连接的指的是同一个人或事物谓语动词用单数 The worker and the writer and连接的两个单数名词谓语动词用复数 名词所有格 Jim s two months two month holiday someone else s who else s Tom and Jack s room each other s others Tom s and Jack s rooms It s 15 minutes walk Spend a two week holiday It s a 15 minute walk Spend two weeks holiday It s 15 minutes on foot in a few years days months weeks time 3 代词 注意人称代词的主 宾格 形 名词性物主代词以及不定代词 a one the other two three some others another b some little few a bit any a little a few a little bit a bit of n something nothing anything 可用于肯定句 作 任何东西 人 讲 somebody nobody anybody e g 1 There s nothing serious with you 2 I have nothing else new to tell you both neither either all none each 注 形容词修饰不定代词位置后置 else修饰疑问代 副词 不定代词位置后置 c on both sides of the street river on either side of on each side of on every side all sides of the lake playground island classroom on the other side of not only but also d neither nor either or 谓语动词用就近的原则 there be both and 连接主语时谓语动词用复数 4 数词 a 数词的读法 1 000 000 000 billion million thousand 一万 ten thousand 一亿 one hundred million 10亿 1 billion b 数词的表达法 概数hundreds of thousands of millions of many thousands of 确数 three million several hundred s of two thousand of the workers c 分数的表达法 分子用基数 分母用序数 分子大于1 分母的序数词加s 分数后跟名词 谓语动 词依据名词形式而定 d two and a half days two days and a half one or two hours expect tp dp sth 5 动词 expect sb to do sth a 同义词辨析 take look forhear hope bring find listen wish 肯 否 mustsee search sb rise vi talk have tolook search for sb raise vt sayarrive in atsteal sth from search place for sb sth speak reachrob sb of sth search the Internet tellget tograb sth search the information on the Internet used to do be made of from return sometimes be used to doing be made inlend some times be used to do be made byborrow sometime be used for doing be made up of keep some time be used by be used in 1 What did the teacher you to at the meeting A tell say B ask speak C tell speak D ask talk 2 Do you know who they re about the accident at the school gate A talking B saying C telling D speaking 3 What do you call this bird in English b 动词短语 put on 动副结构 put up turn on off try on keep off put away throw about turn up down keep away from put off litter about give up look up in the dictionary put down ring up give out look down on upon put out the fire go over pick up give away look over think over wake up take in work out take off take away take out of 动介结构 get on off look for work on fall off complain about talk about think about c 感官 使役动词 see make hear sb do doing sth letsb do sth wacth have 改为被动语态要加 to notice help 注意被动语态 made seen sb be let to do sb be heard to do had watched helped noticed seen sb be heard doing watched noticed e g The workers make machines to help farmers d 情态动词 注意may must should ought to must的否定答语 注意语境 表猜测用情态动词may must may be must be can t be need作行为动词用 need to do 否定句 疑问句中要用助动词 need doing need to be done Must I we 否定回答 No you needn t don y hsve to Sb needn t do 区别can be able to e 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow keepbuy have open be open die be dead come go be inleave be away from begin be on join be in a member begin start to do doget up be up make friends be friendscome back be back fall asleep be asleepcatch a cold have a cold get to know know get receive a letter from have a letter from become interested in be interested inwake be awake get married to be married to 6 介词 a 注意in on at with的用法 注意时间 地点 b 比较 betweenin over under amongafterabove below walk past by through desert forest door tunnel window without past across bridge street road river with beyond The plane flew across the rainforest c 含有一些介词的短语 connect to with join tocontact on a visit toa key to an entrance to the way to a trip to a witness to come up withcatch up with play against with by bike on a bikein red in the tree on the tree in the end at the end ofby the end of towardsto the reason for the cause of 7 反意问句 a 注意陈述句中有hardly never few little seldom nothing none neither nobody no等词 反意问句用肯定的形式 b 注意主语后面的 s is has c I We believe I We think I We suppose后面跟宾语从句 如是否定句 否定前移 反意问句 看宾语从句 d unusual unhappy impossible dislike unfair等前缀的反义词 反意问句仍用否定形式 注 前否后肯反意问句的回答 Let s shall we 其余用will you Didn t he come to school yesterday though he didn t feel well It s nothing serious doctor you d better stay in hospital and you need an operation at once 8 同义词辨析 so lonely before long when pleased either such alone long before while pleasant too pleasure also as well 注意区别 close high wide hard closely highly widely hardly 9 特殊疑问词 a 对人口 电话号码 到哪一年 用特殊疑问词what what place visit 对人的职业用 What be sb What is he 对人的相貌用 what look like What does he look like 对人的品质用 what look like What does he look like 或what be like What is he like b how soon often far away long 10 情景对话 看清上下文 注意说话的环境 对象 11 非谓语动词 a 动名词 feel like doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggesting doing imagine sb doing sth devote to doing sth look forward to doing pay attention to doing be used to doing can t stop stop doing be well worth doing be busy doing stop sb from doingkeep sb from doing prevent sb from doing sb sth 带有被动的意味 用stop prevent sb being done keep on doingcarry on doing go on doing be used for doingthank sb for doing have fun have no time to do sth problems doing 没时间做某事 difficulty trouble a good time need doing need to be done require doing give up doing drop doing spend in doing succeed in doing prefer doing to doing 注意区别 stop forget go on remember see hear watch doing sth和to do sth 分词作定语 伴随状语 b 动词的不定式 decide to do fail to do would like to do want to do try to do afford to do offer to do used to do begin start to do need to do sth plan to do prefer to do can t wait to do make up one s mind to do allow sb to do encourage sb to do expect sb to do sth remind sb to do sth remind sb of sth ask tell sb to do a pen to write with the ice to skate on the space to stand in a place to go to which cities to travel to if I m able to if I m told to I m glad to I d love to to不能省 注意下列句子 1 We should do what we can to protect the environment 2 He spent as much time as he can practising speaking English 3 Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday 4 What do you want me to pay attention to to learn English well 5 Which activity has he devoted most of his time to to enjoy himself 6 What way do you think of to prevent pollution c 过去分词 a book written by Luxun a little time left a borrowed book see many dinosaurs discovered by you the book borrowed from the library find road covered with snow a film directed by sb have sth done 12 形容词 副词 a as asnot so as as less than b 形容词 副词比较级可以用even much a little far等来修饰 c 两者之间比较用比较级 三者三者以上用最高级 Tom is the taller of the two boys d 比较级的叠用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful 13 掌握以下句型 1 find think feel make it 形容词 to do sth 2 It s time for sth It s time to do sth It s time for sb to do sth 3 It is 形 to do sth It is 形 for sb to do sth It is 形 of sb to do sth 表示一个人品格属性的用介词of 4 It takes sb some time to do sth 5 It s one s turn to do sth 6 It s has been 一段时间 since的从句 一段时间 has passed since的从句 7 There is are 名词 介短 There was were 名词 介短 There is are going to be 名词 介短 There have has been 名词 介短 There seem s to be There must may be There used to be 8 计量的表达结构 主语 be 数 量 形容词 9 祈使句 and then 简单句 着重鼓励 祈使句 or 简单句 着重警告 10 until not until unless 11 so such that enough to too to 12 why not do what how about doing Shall I we do sth 13 the 比较级 the 比较级 14 so 倒装 neither nor 倒装 so 主语 谓语 15 Will you please do not do Would you please do not do 16 How do you like last night What do you think of What do you like about 17 Would like to do sth 18 He is the first person to walk in space 19 疑问词 不定式 What to do with how to deal with What to do How to do it 20 sth cost sb sb pay for sth sb buy sth for money at the price of sb spends on sth 21 find make keep 宾语 宾语补足语 形容词 分词 动词不定式 22 prefer sth to sth Prefer doing to doing prefer to do sth rather than do would rather do sth than do sth 23 have sth done get sth done have sb do sth get sb to do sth have sth to do 有事要做 24 sound taste smell feel look 等感观动词 get become turn后面跟形容词做表语 stay happy healthy alive keep fit go wrong missing bad 25 数词 more 复数名词 another 数词 复数名词 26 It s said known reported that 从句 It seems that 从句 27 Taking more enough exercise is important 28 倒装句so neither放句首 If your son doesn t go neither nor will hers They like beef so they do and so do we Here comes the bus Here it is Among the hills is a big garden 29 be likely to do It s highly possible 30 one of the adj 最高级 n pl 31 This is the adj 最高级 n 定语从句I have ever read seen heard 32 the first longest river the second most useful invention 十四 直接引语和间接引语 见书本 He told me that he had met Lily two days before I asked Kate if she would go there the next week 二 词型变化 看清题目 根据所给单词确定它可能出现的几种词性和词形 从语法的角度 句子的结构来考虑一 词的正确用法 判断该词在句子中作何种成分 需要何种词性 1 注意名词单 复数形式和所有格形式 mouse mice true truth confident confidence enter entrance tomatoes potatoes heroes mangoes important importance different difference disabled ability endangered decide decision discuss discussion describe description Chinese Japanese sheep deer Englishmen Frenchmen firemen Germans humans walkmans foot feet tooth teeth boot boots loaf loaves leaf leaves knife knives half halves wise wisdom free freedom great greatness fit fitness kindness grow growth warm warmth strong strength long length weigh weight invite invitation present presentation perform performance performer introduce introduction instruction stomachs arrive arrival inventor operator visitor conductor survive survivor feeling s building s greeting s meaning s warning s twin sisters apple trees sister cities able ability 能力 move movable movement treat treatment achieve achievement agree agreement active activity die dying death dead medicine medical natural disaster nature reserve sun sunny fog foggy rain rainy storm stormy sport sporty pride proud mix mixture mixed 注 表示人的名词来修饰名词用其复数的所有格的形式 men s shoes babies clothes women s skirts Germans the girls 400 metres the girls 400 meter race ask two days sick leave Jim s two month holiday Jim s two months holiday have a sports meeting shoes e g His drawing is better than any of his classmates 2 形容词 副词要注意它们的区别以及原级比较级和最高级的使用 a as as not so as as less than 用原级 b 形容词 副词的转换 politely widely safely true truly 去e加ly simple possible terrible comfortable gentle 去e加y c 短语 less developed countries feel less lonely the most least expensive d 例句 Kate is a careful girl She does her lesson carefully every day John is the cleverer of the two boys The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai In which country is the weather most like China s Shanghai is larger than any other city in China any city in Jiangsu Kate is taller than any other boy in her class e 特殊形容词 副词的比较级和最高级 ill many bad worse worst much more most badly little less least far father farthest further furthest a most beautiful city 3 数词则应考虑基数词 序数词 倍数和分数各种形式 one first two second three third four fourth fourteenth forty fortieth nine ninth nineteenth ninety ninetieth twelve twelfth twenty twentieth hundreds of many thousands of several thousand years two thirds of most of on the second half in the thirtieth minute in the twenty first century in the 2020s 二十一世纪二十年代 on the fifteenth floor a 序数词 第几课 几页 在哪一世纪 在第几层 第几个生日 b 倍数 twice three times once twice as big as c 分数 分子用基数词 分母用序数词 分子大于1 分母序数词加s 4 代词要注意主格 宾格 名 形物主代词 反身代词 a teach sb a subject tell sb a story 代词一定用宾格 tell the truth tell sb a joke tell sb a funny story b say to oneself learn by oneself teach oneself come to oneself help oneself to devote oneself to lose oneself in leave by oneself enjoy oneself dress oneself hurt oneself improve oneself a friend of mine my mother s This is a picture of me when I was young 5 动词要根据时态 语态人称和数的变化以及各种非谓语动词形式 a This kind of book sells play wash write well feel soft hard b the boy has been told tell not to play with fire c most of 及two thirds of 主语时动词应取决于of后面的名词 the number of the population of the price of 这三个短语后面谓语动词均用单数 this kind of this piece of this pair of 后面的谓语动词也用单数 而a crowd of a group of a number of 后跟复数名词 谓语动词用复数 注 Three months is quite a long time Two years has passed since he came to China 1 4 of the population are workers d 注意中心词作主语 如the teacher with the students the windows of our classroom everyone except the students among them e ask tell want get sb to do sth 以及give pass show send lend teach sb sth sb作主语时 则这个句子一定用被动态 warn sb not to do sth f 其它短语 promise sb success provide sb with sth provide sth for sb present sb with sth a shopping list basket a developing country a developed country the following week the book sold on the train the coming trip the dinosaur discovered by you the worker called named Tom 区别 the worker calling Tom the flight number leaving Beijing Please read the book written by LuXun A lot of good land has gone leaving only land 6 反义词 with without luck luckily unluckily usual unusual ever never like unlike dislike careful careless cover discover appear disappear able unable 7 注意下列句子 1 I ll do what I can to help the needy children 2 What way can you think of to improve our lives 3 What do you think is the best way of protecting to protect the wild animals 4 This should be dealt with peacefully 5 Children should be treated with kindness Children should be treated kindly 6 What did you come here for To make a living 7 What are you reading The novel written by Lunxun 8 How soon will you come Not until 7 o clock 9 He devoted his free time he had to helping others 10 It is impossible for such little children to finish so much work in such a short time 11 He hasn t decided when to leave and who will go with him who to go with him错误 12 I met Tom two days ago We hadn t seen each other for ten years 13 Look Under the tree stand two children Here comes the bus 14 Look The rain has stopped Let s go out for a walk 15 The girl lay in bed and felt terrible The girl lying in bed felt terrible The girl lay in bed feeling terrible 16 What do you think runs fastest in your class What do you think has happened to him When do you think they ll leave for Shanghai