湖北省武汉市高考英语 阅读理解训练题（13）.doc

武汉市2014高考英语阅读理解训练题（13）附答案usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. but there is one question that has millions of correct answers. that question is “whats your name?” everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.have you ever wondered about peoples names? where do they come from? what do they mean?peoples first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. some parents choose the name of a well-known person. a boy could be named george washington smith; a girl could be named helen keller jones.some people give their children names that mean good things. clara means “bright”; beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; donald means “world ruler”; leonard means “as brave as a lion”.the earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. a family with the name brook or brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. the greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.other early surnames came from peoples occupations. the most common occupational name is smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. in the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. some other occupational names are: carter a person who owned or drove a cart; potter a person who made pots and pans.the ancestors of the baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. the carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture. sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. when there were two men who were named john in the same village, the john with the gray hair probably became john gray. or the john was very tall could call himself john tallman. john fish was probably an excellent swimmer and john lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. english-speaking people added s or son. the johnsons are descendants of john; the roberts familys ancestor was robert. irish and scottish people added mac or mc or o. perhaps all of the macdonnells and the mcdonnells and the odonnells are descendants of the same donnell.17. which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage not cover? a. places where people lived. b. peoples characters.c. talents that people possessed. d. peoples occupations.18. according to the passage, the ancestors of the potter family most probably _.a. owned or drove a cart b. made things with metalsc. made kitchen tools or contains d. built houses and furniture19. suppose and english couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.a. beatrice smith b. leonard carter c. george longstreet d. donald greenwood20. the underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a persons _. a. later generations b. friends and relatives c. colleagues and partners d. later sponsorse)bcda*结束河北省高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（50） lawmakers in the united states have expanded an investigation into the use of location-tracking systems on mobile devices. the action follows recent reports about the storing of information on the apple iphone. some people consider location tracking to be a threat to personal privacy and security.allan friedman, the research director, says, “all wireless companies do some location tracking as part of their networks. this information is usually stored by the companies, not the devices, and there are laws to protect it. law enforcement(执法) agencies, for example, have to have a fairly high standard before it can access that data. and the phone company is also prohibited from selling that information.now, two researchers report that location tracking information is being stored directly on apple devices. they said apples newest operating systems gather global positioning system and timestamp information. the information is stored on the device in a file that is also uploaded (上传) to any computer that the device is connected to. the researchers say the information is available to anyone who has access to the device or computer.allan friedman says, “this raises additional concerns. theres the idea that because its on my phone and on my computer, rogue applications(恶意程序) that i pay for or that im tricked into downloading may be able to access this data and somehow misuse it.”apple says it is “not tracking the location of your iphone”. it is simply keeping a database of wi-fi hotspots and cellphone towers near the users location. this information is meant to help the iphone quickly find its location when needed.letters have been sent to some of the leading mobile device developers, including apple and google. the letters asked for more information about their location tracking systems. allan friedman calls this an important start to strengthening privacy laws. he says, “there arent strong controls over things like location information, what they are doing with it, how long they are keeping it. and perhaps the most important question is, is my location data with other facts about me?”5.why did american lawmakers investigate the use of location-tracking systems on cell-phones?a. because the systems can store users informationb. because many users have suffered loss after using them.c. because it is thought to threaten users privacy.d. because many reporters have shown the problem of the systems.6. allan friedman believes that _.a. wireless companies focus on personal privacy.b. people are forbidden to get access to private data at willc. phone companies may sell private information secretlyd. customers may ask wireless companies to locate their tracking7. what do we know from paragraph 3?a. location tracking information is stored online.b. apples newest operating systems collect all kinds of information.c. location tracking information may be uploaded to any iphone.d. apples newest operating systems may reveal the private information of users.8.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a. apple denies that it tracks the location of users.b. the researchers may misunderstand the apples systems.c. the global positioning system is to blame for rogue applications.d. the iphone can quickly find its location by using its users information.参考答案-cbda *结束阅读理解、专题训练(*)、时文阅读 技巧点拨时文阅读是高考阅读理解的考查重点。它所报道的都是国内外最新的事物或趋势，内容新颖，语言地道。阅读时文可拓宽考生视野，使考生了解国内外大事及最新动态，激发考生的阅读兴趣，增加考生的语言积累， 进而提高考生的语言运用能力，从而做到从容应考。时文多为记叙文或说明文，或记叙某人某物，或介绍某新生事物、科研进展、生活时尚等。此外，广告也可归为时文范畴。 因此，要正确理解阅读材料，考生需灵活运用阅读技巧，从而准确把握文章脉络，抓住文章主旨。 活学活用阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务move earth its no science fictionlondon scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating：move it to a cooler spot.all you have to do is send a few comets(彗星)in the direction of earth，and its orbit(轨道)will be changed.our world will then be sent spinning into a safer，colder part of the solar system.this idea for improving our climate comes from a group of us national aeronautics and space administration(nasa) engineers and american astronomers.they say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planeteffectively doubling its working life.the plan put forward by dr laughlin，and his colleagues don korycansky and fred adams，needs carefully directing a comet or asteroid so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to earth.“earths orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the sun，” laughlin said.engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to jupiter or saturn.the comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets.later its orbit would bring it back to earth，and the process would be repeated.in the short term，the plan provides an ideal way to global warming，although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger.the sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈) by cooking us.thats why the group decided to try to save earth.the plan has one or two worrying aspects，however.for a start，space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards earth.the smallest miscalculation(误算)in orbit could fire it straight at earthwith deadly consequences.there is also the question of the moon.as the current issue of scientific american以约30词概括文章大意_.根据短文内容选择最佳答案1what makes the scientists plan to move earth?aa few comets are moving to the direction of earth.bearths working life is coming to an end soon.cearth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.dthe moon is moving farther and farther away from earth.2if the plan is successful，earth will have a working life of _years.a12 billion b6 billionc18 billion d24 billion3what serious problems might the plan cause according to the passage?athe comet might hit earth and man might lose the moon.bearth might be moved too far away and man might be frozen to death.cthe comet might hit jupiter or saturn and never return to earth.dearths working life might be greatly shortened.4what does the underlined word “compromise” mean?aprovide bbenefit cshare dendanger5which of the following best shows how the plan would work?参考答案the text is about a way to save the earth from overheating：to send a few comets in the direction of earth，making the earth spin into a safer，colder part of the solar system.(35 words)1解析：从the sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈) by cooking us.得知答案。答案：c 2.解析：从their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planeteffectively doubling its working life.得知答案。答案：a3解析：从倒数第二段的in orbit could fire it straight at earth和最后一段的the moon would be stripped away from earth得知答案。答案：a 4.解析：从by cooking us(把我们烤熟)推知“compromise”应为 “危害”之意。答案：d 5.解析：首先地球必须远离太阳，后面的later its orbit would bring it back to earth都说明a最好阐述了这种位置。答案：a*结束coolest hotels in the worldariau amazon towers the ariau amazon towers hotel lets you sleep in a tree house. eight towers make up thishotel that offers over 300 rooms. if you really want to get into the spirit, book the tarzan suite which is large enough for a big family. youll be thirty feet up in the air and can travel between the towers through their wooden walkways. prices: starting at $300 one night for each person for a regular room and going all the wayup to $3000 for the tarzan suite. for more information, visit the website: http:/hthe ice hotel every winter in jukkasjarvi, sweden, a special kind of hotel called the lce hotel is built. each year, world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice, many of which can be found in the rooms. youll have your choice between hot or cold rooms but you will be well advised to stay at least one night in a cold room for a true experience. prices: starting at $318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one. for more information, visit the website: http/ propeller island propeller island city lodge is a very special hotel that was designed by a