名词专练1.doc

名词变复数一、名词1、名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：|专有名词 | 名 | | 个体名词 | | | 可数名词| | 集体名词 | |普通名词 | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | | 不可数名词| | 抽象名词 | |二 可数名词变复数规则变化及发音：1、 绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ； eg：bookbooks；deskdesks；penpens；carcars 2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词，末尾加上-es； eg：busbuses; boxboxes; watchwatchches; dishdishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要把y变为i，再加-es；（以元音字母加y 结尾的，直接加s）。 eg：flyflies; babybabies;/；eg：toytoys；boyboys；4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，要将-f或-fe变为-v，再加es； eg：knifeknives；leafleaves；5、以-o结尾的名词一般加-s。加es的要特别记忆加es的。口诀：“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” eg：tomatotomatoes西红柿; potatopotatoes土豆; heroheroes英雄; NegroNegroes （黑人） 口诀：“英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” 其余eg：zoozoos; photophotos；名词变复数不规则变化：1.单词内部发生变化：口诀“oo常常变ee，男人女人a变e”eg：footfeet脚；toothteeth牙齿goosegeese鹅；manmen男人；womanwomen女人；2.单复数相同：三种动物两种人 sheepsheep绵羊fishfish鱼deerdeer鹿；ChineseChinese,中国人JapaneseJapanese日本人3.不规则变化：childchildren孩子；mousemice老鼠；三可数名词的特点1可数名词量大于1，必须用复数 。2 可数名词单数不能单独使用。3 可数名词变复数用代词they,them来代替四 .不可数名词特点：不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与a, an及数词连用，不可数名词不管量有多大，都用作单数，用代词it代替。改错1 I like apple very much . 2 There are some milks in the glass .3 A lot of juices are in the glass . 4 The ball are under the desk .五使用名词注意的问题1不可数名词如表数量，常和a bottle of, a glass of等名词词组连用。如表示复数，只把量词改为复数。例：a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁，three cups of tea 三杯茶 ，a piece of paper一张纸2有些物质名词有时可数，有时不可数，要根据上下文决定，其意义也有所不同。 orange,fish,glass,3特殊名词的讲解：1） clothes ,people ，the police 本身是复数，只有复数形式，无单数形式谓语动词作复数。There are five people in my family. 我家有五口人。 My favourite clothes are pants. 2） trousers, pants , shoes , glasses(眼镜) ,shorts，scissors等名词，由两部分构成，常以复数形式出现，谓语动词要用复数。例：Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine. 3）family,class,group（组）,team（队）是集体名词看作整体时，谓语用单数; 指强调成员时，谓语用复数。 His family （be） a large family. His family （like） animals.4）the 加姓的复数表示一家人，用作复数，the Smiths(史密斯一家人),the Whites,(怀特一家人)5）时间，距离，金钱，重量作主语用作单数。1Two hundred dollars （be）not much .2 Ten kilometers （be）not far . 名词的所有格一名词的所有格的一般用法1 一般名词的所有格, 直接在词尾 加s。 eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes2 以s结尾的名词复数所有格只在词尾只加 eg. teachers books3 两人或两人以上共有的物体, 则在最后的名词后加s; 如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面加s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys room. (指两人共住一个房间) Mrs Greens and Mrs Browns son. (指两人各自的儿子)4 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略eg. the doctors (office)诊所 Mr. Whites(home) 史密斯的家二 名词的所有格的特殊用法1没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。 eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom，2双重所有格 eg. a friend of his, the big nose of Tomssome photos of mine3有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加s来构成所有格。eg. ten minutes walk, 走20分钟的路程= a ten-minute walktwo hours ride 开车两个小时的路程 = a two-hour ridethree weeksholiday 三星期的假期 = a three-week holidaytodays newspaper一写出下列单词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、watch 9、country 10、family 11、boy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、sandwich 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 23 UFO24 zoo 25 tooth _ 26mouse _27leaf _ 28life _ 29policeman 30German _ 31girl student _ 32 woman doctor 二、单项选择 1. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. breads D. news3. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher4. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waterC. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters5. .We have bought two for the coming party.A. two box of apples B two.boxes of apples C. two box of apple D. two boxes of apple6. There some old people taking a walk in the park. A.is B.are C.has D.have7. There are few in the fridge.Lets go and buy some peas,carrots and cabbages.A.meat B.fruit C.vegetables D.bread8. Here is for you ,Mrs white.A.a good news B.good news C.a bread D two breads 9. There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs10. I bought for my mother.A.a trousers B.a pair of trousers C.two pair of trousers D.a pair of trouser11 Maths easy to learn. A.is B.are C.am D.were 12 There are three _ and five _ in the room. A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Janpaneses13 I saw many _ in the field. A. peoples B.horse C.sheep D caw14 She wants to write a letter.Could you give her ?A.a paper B.some papers C.a piece of paper D.some pieces of papers15 The Chinese people brave and hardworking. A.is B.are C.am D./16 How many _ are there in your class ? A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian17 I found my black cat in_ room.A. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mikes C. Jims and Mikes D. Jims and Mike18 Three months _ a long time for me.A. is B. are C. have D. has19. There are _ and _ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges 20. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges21 Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk22 She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C. home D. room23_ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters24 A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters25 Three _ are talking with two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen 26 Last night, there was a food accident. The _ were ill, but no _ were lost. A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life27. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers28 The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride. A.half an hours B. half an hours C. half an hour D. an hour and a half29- What would you like to drink, girls? - _, please. A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffe C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cups of coffees30 During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for _. A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks31.- How many workers are there in your factory? - There are two _. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of32-What do you think of the _ the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven? - It sounds really wonderful. A. subject B. music C. book D. animal33 My school is about twenty _ walk from here. A. twenty minutes walk B. twenty minutes walk C. twenty minutess walk D. twenty minutes walk 34 Which is the _ to the post office? A. street B. way C. road D. address35 That shop sells clothes.A. mens B. mans C. the mens D. the mans36 The boys have got already.A. a bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread37 An old _ wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person38 In a few_ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. year B. years C. years D. years39 This is a book of _.A. Tom B. Toms C. her D. him40 There are about twenty in the room. They are having a party there.A. people B. sheep C. worker D. mens41 Hurry up! Theres little left.A. time B. days C. dollars D. glasses42 Beth has a beautiful . Listen! She is singing very well.A. voice B. look C. sound D. smell43 When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between .A. Ted and Ben B . Teds and Ben C. Ted and Bens D. Teds and Bens44 Miss Smith is a friend of .A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers 45 Ten kilometers not far . Aare Bis C am D does46 He is boy .A a 8 years old B a 8- years -old C an 8- years -old D an 8- year -old 47Well,you look so happy! -Because Ive got a good _. A.work B. news C.job D. ideas巩固练习 1 What can I do for you? Id like two .A. bottle of milk B. bottles of milks C. bottles of milk D. bottle of milks2 Mrs Green is mother.A. Mary and Kate B. Marys and Kates C. Marys and Kate D. Mary and Kates3 Beth has a beautiful . Listen! She is singing very well.A. voice B. look C. sound D. smell4 Henry runs fast. He won the 800-meter race yesterday.A. boys B. boys C. boy D. boys5Twelve were hurt, but no were lost in the accident.A. person, life B. people, lives C. peoples, lives D. persons, life6Ten dollars not much . Aare Bis C has D have7 This is _ reading-room.A. the teachers B. teachers C. teachers D. the teachers8 How many_ would you like? A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread9 There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens10 Its not far, only _walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutes B. ten minutes C. a ten minutes D. ten minutes11 Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-word B. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-words D. 1000 words12 He is boy .A a 11 years old B a 11- years -old C an 11- years -old D an 11- year -old 13 He is hungry. Give him _ to eat.A. two bread B. two breadsC. two piece of bread D. two pieces of breads14 I would like to have_.A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks15 There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans16 here some in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish17 I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges18The letter from my uncle was short. There wasnt_ news. A. many B. a few C. much D. few19-Why didnt you take a taxi back last night?-Because I didnt have any_with me.A. food B. bicycle C. friend D. money20All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women21 Look at the flowers! They are in different _: red, yellow, pinkA. colors B. sizes C. prices D. names22Well,you look so happy! -Because Ive got a good _.A.work B. news C.job D. ideas23How much are the _ ? A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes24 Three months _ a long time for me.A. is B. are C. have D. has25 There are _ and _ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges 26 There a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. have D. has27This pair of shoes mine . A. is B. are C. were D. has28He will buy tomorrow .A. a trousers B. a pair of trouser C. two pair of trousers D. a