湖北省武汉市高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮练习（8）.doc

湖北省武汉市2016高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮练习（8）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。however urban life strikes you，cities worldwide have been growing even more rapidlysome of this growth has occurred in the developed world，but the most dramatic increase has been in the third worldalmost all the worlds population growth over the next 30 years will take place in the cities of developing countries by the year 2030，for the first time in history，60 percent of the worlds people will be living in citiesthis is actually good news in some ways“cities are the fundamental building blocks of prosperity,” says marc weiss，chairman of the prague institute for global urban development，“ both for the nation and for families” industrial and commercial activities in urban areas account for between 50 and 80 percent of the gross domestic product （gdp） in most countries of the world“ theres the crazy notion that the way to deal with a citys problems is to keep people out of them,” weiss continued“but the problems of the rural life are even more serious than those of the city” for better or worse，urban-watchers are clear on one point: the quality of life for most people in the future will be determined by the quality of citiesthose cities will be bigger than everand yet，population numbers by themselves dont determine a citys prospects； after all，addis ababa，ethiopia，and hamburg，germany，have the same populationnor is explosive growth necessarily the determining factor“city problems,” one authority points out，“mostly have to do with weak，ineffective，and usually unrepresentative city governments”1the passage mainly discusses _abig citiesbcity lifecpopulationdgross domestic product2according to the passage，in the year of 2030 _athere will be 21 cities having a population of more than 10 millionbrural area will be extinctcmost people will live in citiesdthe third world will keep abreast with the developed world3in the authors opinion，_abetter city，better life bboth urban and rural areas have a larger populationcthe larger population，the faster a city developsdboth urban and rural areas have larger gross domestic products4which statement is not true according to the passage?athe developing countries develop faster than the developed countriesbcities contribute more to the gdp than the villagerscsome problems are more easily solved in cities than in countrydits impossible to solve urban problems by getting people out of cities5the last paragraph implies that _apublic services are ineffective bcities are increasing too fastcpopulation is not linked with developmentdgovernment should be responsible for the problems in the cities【参考答案】1-5、a c a a d阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013东北三省三校第二次联考，d)deception (骗术) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in military (军事的) strategy. now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.at georgia tech, a team led by ronald arkin, a professor at the school of interactive computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.ronald arkin and his ph. d. student jaeeun shim used that as a model for robot behavior. they programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.the team also looked at how other animalsin this case, a species of bird called arabian babblerdrive off predators. a babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. they then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. the babblers dont ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isnt worth it.they found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain sizeessentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that its best to back off. davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didnt have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.the military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. it could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了骗术在军事策略中起着重要的作用，一些研究人员正在通过研究松鼠和鸟类的活动，希望机器人能模仿这些行为，以便能有效地应用于军事中。13why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels trick?ait can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.bit can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.cit can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.dit can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.答案：c推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“. they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠为了保护自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，会朝别的方向奔跑，由此可推知，c项正确。14which of the following is not the way arabian babblers drive off predators?aone bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.bthey fight the enemy bravely face to face.cthey make noises and flaps around the predator.dthey force the predator aware that it isnt worthwhile to attack.答案：b细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中arabian babbler赶走predator的过程可知，b项不是arabian babbler赶走掠夺者的方法。故b项正确。15what is the main idea of the passage?aanimals behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.brobots fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals behaviors.cbirds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.dresearchers are interested in animals militaryrelated behaviors.答案：a主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了松鼠和arabian babbler在生存中如何利用骗术击退敌人保护自己的过程，研究人员希望机器人也能模仿这些行为，从而有效地运用于军事战略当中。故a项正确。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013南京市二模，d)while waiting to pick up a friend at an airport in portland, oregon, i had one of those lifechanging experiences that you hear other people talk aboutthe kind that happens to you unexpectedly. to me, this happened and was only two feet away from me.locating my friend among the passengers, i noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. he stopped right next to me to greet his family.first he walked to his youngest son (maybe 6 years old) as he laid down his bags. they gave each other a long, loving hug. as they separated enough to look in each others face, i heard the father say，“its so good to see you, son. i missed you so much！” his son smiled somewhat shyly, and replied softly，“me, too, dad！”then the man stood up, gazed into the eyes of his oldest son (maybe 9 or 10) and while cupping his sons face in his hands said, “youre already quite a young man. i love you very much, zach！” they too hugged a most loving, tender hug.while this was happening, a baby girl (perhaps one or oneandahalfyear old) was squirming (扭动) excitedly in her mothers arms, never once taking her little eyes off the wonderful sight of her returning father. the man said，“hi, baby girl！” as he gently took the child from her mother. he quickly kissed her face all over and then held her close to his chest while rocking her from side to side. the little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid her head on his shoulder, motionless in pure contentment.after several moments, he handed his daughter to his oldest son and declared，“ive saved the best for last！” and went to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss i ever remember seeing. he gazed into her eyes for several seconds and then silently mouthed, “i love you so much！” they stared into each others eyes, beaming big smiles at one another, while holding both hands.for an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but i knew by the age of their kids that they couldnt possibly be. i puzzled about it for a moment then realized how totally attentive i was in the wonderful display of unconditional love not more than an arms length away from me. i suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if i was invading something sacred, but was amazed to hear my own voice nervously ask，“wow! how long have you two been married？”“been together fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” he replied, without breaking his gaze from his lovely wifes face. “well then, how long have you been away？” i asked. the man finally turned and looked at me, still beaming his joyous smile. “two whole days！”two days? i was stunned. i had assumed hed been gone for at least several weeksif not months. i know my expression betrayed me. “i hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”the man suddenly stopped smiling.he looked me straight in the eye, and with forcefulness that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a different person, “dont hope, friend. decide！” then he flashed me his wonderful smile again, shook my hand and said，“god bless！”with that, he and his family turned and walked away together. i was still watching that exceptional man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “whatcha looking at？” without hesitating, and with a curious sense of certainty, i replied，“my future！”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己在机场看到一家人在分别两天重逢后的亲密场景及男主人对作者所说的话，表达了这次事件对自己的震撼，并下定决心拿出更多的爱给自己的家人。16which word could best describe the baby girl?aquiet. binnocent. cnaughty. dsweet.答案：d推理判断题。根据第五段第一句和最后一句可知，这个小女孩非常的可爱，见到父亲时，她在母亲的怀里扭动，非常地兴奋，在父亲怀里的时候她把头放在父亲的肩膀上一动不动。故答案选d。17the writer suddenly felt uncomfortable because _.ahe felt it impolite to stare at the familybhe felt he withdrew from societycthe family found him curious about themdhe didnt love his wife as much答案：a推理判断题。根据第七段最后一句中的“i suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if i was invading something sacred”和文化常识可知，作者由于被这亲密的幸福情景所吸引，一直盯着他们看，距离很近(only two feet)，而这在西方是很不礼貌的行为，侵犯了他人的隐私。故答案选a。18what can we learn from the story?athe family became the writers friends.bthe writer decided to look for a wife.cthe writers family will get more love from him.dthe writer will tell his friend the story immediately they meet.答案：c推理判断题。根据倒数第四段最后一句“i hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”及最后一段中作者看着那家人离开说“my future！”可推知，作者以后将会给予家人更多的关爱。故答案选c。19which paragraph in this story best shows the love of the couple?aparagraph 4. bparagraph 5. cparagraph 6. dparagraph 7.答案：c细节理解题。通读全文可知，第三至五段描述的是对孩子的爱，第六段中“give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss.”展示的是夫妻之间的爱。故答案选c。20why does the writer think his airport experience is lifechanging?abecause he came across a most loving family.bbecause he realized the difference between “hope” and “decide”cbecause he thought it was really a unique experience.dbecause the family he met with had a strange power over him.答案：b推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可知，男主人所说的“dont hope, friend. decide！”给了作者极大的震撼和鼓励，让作者明白了“希望”与“决定”之间的不同，决定今后给予家人更多的关爱。故答案选b。书面表达高中生熬夜现象开始上升。下面三幅图片是对高中生熬夜情况的调查结果。请你根据图片的内容，写一篇调查报告，并提出个人建议。注意：1词数150左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。one possible version：as is shown in the first pie, more and more senior students are staying up late at night now. 97.83% of all are senior one students, while only 2.17% are those in senior two. to our happiness, no one in senior three is doing so.why they prefer doing so is shown in the second pie. most of those students staying up are studying, which make up 45.65%, while 19.57% are playing online games and 19.56% are doing something else. there are even 15.22% who are just following this trend.but it has brought about something really bad to the students. more students are influenced by staying up. 47.25% of the students feel inefficient when listening to the teacher in class, and 7.87% feel uneasy in their body. however, only 6.7% do better in their study.so in my opinion, they should arrange their time scientifically. they should spend limited time in studying rather than playing.书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）下面是美国中学生catherine给你写的一封信。请你根据所给内容写一封100词左右的回信，内容必须包括：1对她的感谢作出符合英美习惯的礼貌答复；2回答她提出的问题；3你的愿望并再次邀请她来中国。internationalcommunity schoolwashington statethe usaaugust 6,2012dear luo lin，im writing to express my thanks to you and your parents for your great kindness and help during my stay at your home while in china to join in the chinese bridge activities.it was a very good time that ill never forget.besides，your beautiful campus as well as the students high spirits in study are also deeply impressed in my memory.can you tell me why you work so hard at your lessons？and how do you usually relax yourselves after study?welcome to my home in washington state some day.give my best regards to your parents!affectionately yours，catherine参考范文dear catherine，thanks for your letter.im very glad that you feel it a good time to stay in my family during your stay in china for the chinese bridge activities.its very kind of you to praise my family for the little we did for you.i，on behalf of my parents，sincerely expect you to come to china again.as you know，were living a happy school life.we are all in high spirits in study because we know were studying for our own future as well as for our country.but actually we sometimes feel tired after hard work，so we often take some sports and games after study to relax ourselves，or take part in some campus interest groups activities.best wishes!yours sincerely，luo lin书面表达。假如你的名字叫王海，现在在美国就读，即将毕业。你和你的中国同学们就 “在国内就业还是在国外就业”进行了讨论。现请根据下表内容给21世纪报的编辑写一封信，说说你们讨论的结果以及你个人的看法。 70%支持在国内就业 30%支持在国外就业你的观点1. 国内经济高速发展,机会比国外多2. 需要大批优秀归国人才，就业方向有大学教育、公司高层管理、政府部门等3. 政府鼓励回国，自主创业1. 国外薪水高2. 工作条件好，有利于发挥自己的潜力3. 自然环境环境优美，适于居住1.2. 词数：150左右。开头已给出，不计入词数。dear editor, we are going to graduate from american universities. recently we overseas chinese graduates have had a heated discussion on