大学精读英语教程(复旦大学出版)第三册Text1,unit3-单词,.doc

New Words and Expressions in Text 1, Unit 3inquire inkwai (also enquire) into: try to learn the facts about something; investigate something. 调查，查问，究问。 e.g. We must enquire further into the matter. 我们须进一步调查此事。commercial km:l: an advertisement on television or radio. 在电视或无线电上的广告Divorce: to separate two ideas, subjects etc completely; part; cease or break association with 同义词：disassociate, dissociate, disunite, disjoint e.g. It is difficult to divorce sport from politics. Our society has divorced itself from religion.Envision: to imagine something that you think might happen in the future, especially something that you think will be good = envisage: e.g. I envisioned a future of educational excellence.with the sound off: with the sound turned off. Antonym: with the sound on. Off: So as to be no longer continuing, operating, or functioning.不继续运行：不再继续、不再工作或发挥作用：e.g switched off the radio.关掉了收音机amazement: A state of extreme surprise or wonder; astonishment.大吃一惊：极为惊讶或惊奇的状态；惊异verbal v:bl: Expressed in spoken rather than written words; oral: 口头的，非书面的：用口语而不是用书面语表达的：e.g. a verbal contract. 口头约定 verbal concept: 口语所表达的概念 Of, relating to, or associated with words: 用言辞的，用文字的：属于、关于或涉及言辞的：e.g. a verbal picture. 文字描述what if: what would, or will, happen if; suppose that. 如果该怎么办；如果将会怎样；如果会有什么不同；倘若 e.g. What if you go instead of me? 如果你代替我去将会怎样？ What if I get 5,000,000 yuan? divorce div:s: To dissolve the marriage bond between. 解除间的婚约 To end marriage with (ones spouse) by way of legal divorce. 和离婚：与（配偶）通过法律判决而结束婚姻 To cut off; separate or disunite: 使分离：使分离、使脱离或分裂：e.g. an idea that was completely divorced from reality. See Synonyms at separate 完全脱离实际的想法。参见 separatemedium mi:djm: An agency by which something is accomplished, conveyed, or transferred: 媒介，手段：通过它能完成、传输或转移某种事物的东西：e.g. The train was the usual medium of transportation in those days. 在当时，火车是普遍的运输工具envision invin: To picture in the mind; imagine. 想像：脑海中的图象；想像issue isju: A single copy of a periodical （期刊，杂志）: 期刊的单行本；（刊物的）一期。e.g. the March issue of the magazine. 这本期刊的第三期Where is the beef? is a catch phrase best known in the United States and Canada. Since it was first used, it has become an all-purpose phrase questioning the substance of an idea, event or product.It came to public attention in a 1980s U.S. television commercial directed by Joe Sedelmaier as part of Dancer Fitzgerald Samples fast food advertising campaign written by Cliff Freeman for the Wendys chain of hamburger restaurants. In the ad, titled Fluffy Bun, elderly actress Clara Peller receives a competitors burger with a massive bun (the competitors slogan was Home of the Big Bun). The small patty prompts the gruff Peller to angrily exclaim, Wheres the beef? The humorous ad and Pellers memorable character soon gave the catch phrase a life of its own, and it was repeated in television shows, films, magazines, and other media outlets.自从电视普及以来，人们往往会把一些电视广告里特别吸引人的词句用到日常生活中去。几年前在美国，有一个快餐店在电视上做广告，广告里是一个老太太在另一家快餐店里买了一个汉堡宝。她打开一看里面只有小小的一块肉。她既惊奇，又生气地问：“Wheres the beef?” Beef 就是牛肉，wheres the beef?也就是：牛肉在哪里?意思就是：这个汉堡包里的牛肉太少。几乎在一夜之间，人们就把这个电视广告里的问句用到日常生活中去了。连民主党总统候选人蒙代尔在1984年总统竞选时都用这句话来攻击他的对手里根总统。里根当时已经担任了四年总统，正在竞选连任。蒙代尔认为里根在任职四年期间没有取得实质性的成就，所以他在竞选演说问了这样一句话： Wheres the beef, Mr. President - wheres the beef? 从 字面上来翻译，这句话的意思是：牛肉在那里,总统先生-牛肉在那里? 当然，蒙代尔并非真的要牛肉。他说那句的意思是：你不要尽说空话，我们要看实质性的成就。可是这句话并没有帮蒙代尔的忙，里根总统在那次选举中非但打败了蒙代尔，而且还赢得了美国有史以来空前的竞选胜利。 下面这句话是一个学生在说他的历史教授： Our history teacher is a good talker but there isnt much real meat about history in what he says. Id like to ask him, Wheres the beef? because we sure dont learn much from him. 这个学生说：“我们的历史老师很能夸夸其谈，但是他说的东西里没有什么实质性的内容。我真想问问他，实质性的内容在那里，因为我们真是没有从他那里学到多少东西。” flipper flip: A wide, flat limb, as of a seal, whale, or other aquatic mammal, adapted for swimming.鳍，鳍足：海豹、鲸或其它水生哺乳动物的宽而扁的适于游泳的肢 A rubber covering for the foot having a flat, flexible portion that widens as it extends forward from the toes, used in swimming and diving. Also called In this sense, also called fin 1脚蹼；橡皮脚掌：一种戴在脚上用于游泳或潜水的橡皮覆盖物，其扁平、柔韧的部分从脚趾处向前伸展变宽也作 在此意义上也可称作 fin1 a person who often changes the channels of a TV set. 不断改变频道的人。drift: To vary from or oscillate （震荡） randomly about a fixed setting, position, or mode of operation. 任意改变：改变固定的环境、位置或工作模式或在其附近随意摇摆 To be carried along by currents of air or water: 流动：被气流或水流携带：e.g. a balloon drifting eastward; as the wreckage drifted toward shore. 向东飘的汽球；船骸漂向海岸Dial: the control on a radio, television set or a remote control that is used for tuning. 刻度盘 e.g. Can you read the number on the dial? 你能读出刻度盘上的读数吗？The dial records showed a very slight variation in pressure. 刻度盘显示出压力有极微小的变化。Restless: unable to relax or be still. a. 不安宁的,焦虑的。同义词：antsy, fidgety, fretful, itchye.g. The children grew restless with the long wait.孩子们等了很久便著急了.The boy was restless from hunger. 男孩因饥饿而变得焦躁不安。Remote control: countablea thing you use for controlling a piece of electrical or electronic equipment without having to touch it, for example for turning a television on or off = zapper. 遥控器。Provocation: an action or event that makes someone angry or upset, or is intended to do this provoke. n. 激怒,刺激,挑拨without provocatione.g. She claims that Graham attacked her without any provocation.He was accused ofdeliberate provocation.Julie has a tendency to burst into tearsat the slightest provocation.academic: One who is a member of an institution of higher learning. 大学教师，大学生：高等专业知识学院里的人 A person who has an academic viewpoint or a scholarly background. 学术界人士：有学术观点或学术背景的人pattern: Form and style in an artistic work or body of artistic works 艺术作品的风格：艺术品或艺术品结构的形式和风格 A model or an original used as an archetype. 原型，典型：被公认为原型的模型或原物 deodorant di:udrnt: A substance applied to the skin to mask or suppress body odors. 除臭剂：用于皮肤上以掩盖或压住体臭的物质Visualization 9vizjlaizein: the state of being visible. 可视度。 the act of making sth. visible. 形象化。e.g. No matter how hard he tried, I still have no visualization of his design. 无论他怎么努力说明，我还是想像不出他的设计到底是什麽样子。visualize sth (as sth): to form a picture of sb/sth in your mindcant visualize what this room looked like before it was decorated.She couldnt visualize climbing the mountain.at a faster clip: at a faster rate or pace. 以更快的节奏。 Clip: A pace or rate: 【非正式用语】 步伐，节奏：e.g. go at a fast clip. 快步走packing more of a punch: containing more information in an ad. Pack: To fold, roll, or combine into a bundle; wrap up. 包，捆：折、卷或组合成包裹；包扎起来 To put into a receptacle for transporting or storing: 打包：为了运输或储存而放进一容器：e.g. pack ones belongings. 打点行李 punch: A tool for circular or other piercing: 打孔器：用来进行球形或其他形式穿透的工具：e.g. a leather punch. 穿皮革器 A tool for stamping a design on a surface 压印器：一种在表面上打印出图案的工具Adapt: alter or modify (a text or music) for television, the stage, etc. （为电视台）改编或改写。 e.g. The novel has been adapted for radio from Russian original.Vagueness: the state of not being clear. 模糊。Incoherence inkhirns: The condition or quality of being incoherent. 不连贯；没有条理；松散、无凝聚性的情况或性质Desirable dizairbl: Worth doing or achieving; advisable: 值得做的，适当的e.g. a desirable reform; a desirable outcome. 有利的改革；值得努力的结果video: adj.（形容词）Of or relating to television, especially televised images. 视频的，电视的：电视的或与电视有关的，特别是电视图像的 n. Television: 电视e.g. a star of stage, screen, and video. 舞台、银屏和电视三栖的明星striking: Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.See Synonyms at noticeable 惹人注目的：吸引注意力的和在视觉或脑海中产生深刻印象的参见 noticeableas much: as well; equally 同等；一样 He was greatly respected, and his brother as much despised. 他很受人们的尊敬，而他的弟弟则受到同等的蔑视。 the same degree or quality of 同程度的； 同分量的 I have as much gold as silver.我拥有的金子和银子同样多。license: Proof of permission granted, usually in the form of a document, card, plate, or tag:证书，许可证：获得某种许可的证明，通常的形式为文件、卡、牌照或标牌：e.g. a drivers license. Lack of due restraint; excessive freedom: 放肆，放纵：缺乏必要的限制；过度的自由。“When liberty becomes license, dictatorship is near”(Will Durant) “当自由变成放纵，独裁也就临近”(威尔杜兰特)Communicate：To convey information about; make known; impart: 传达，传送：传递关于的；使知道；传授：communicated the new data to our office. 给我们办公室传送新资料line: （Often lines） The dialogue of a theatrical itrikl戏剧的 presentation表演, such as a play: （常作 lines） 台词：用于舞台表演的对话，如剧本。e.g. spent the weekend learning her lines. 利用周末熟记她的台词colonize klnaiz：occupy (a place) as a colony ；作为殖民地占领 (某地)feature：To give special attention to; display, publicize, or make prominent.展示：给予特别注意；展出、公开或使成为要点vivify：To give or bring life to; animate: 使具有生气：给或带来生命力；使有生气：e.g. vivify a puppet; vivifying the brown grasslands. 使木偶变得有活力；使棕黄的草地有生气cab: A taxicab.出租车skyline: The line along which the surface of the earth and the sky appear to meet; the horizon.地平线：地面与天空看似相交的面；地平线twinkle: To shine with slight, intermittent gleams, as distant lights or stars; flicker; glimmer. See Synonyms at flash 闪烁：象遥远的灯光或星星一样发出闪烁的微光；闪烁不定；微光参见 flashtake the stage: perform on the stage.backlight: To light (a subject, for example), from behind: 从后面照亮（例如，一个物体）：“Desert sunshine backlights her chestnut（粟色的） curls and moon-white skin with an otherworldly halo”(Los Angeles Times) “沙漠的阳光从后面照亮了她粟色的卷发和月光一样的白皮肤，笼罩着一层来自另一个世界的光晕”(洛杉矶时报)Swirl: A whirling or eddying edi起漩涡motion or mass: 旋动、旋涡：旋动或涡动的动作或集合体。e.g. a swirl of white water. 白色水漩涡lyric: The words of a song. 常作 lyrics 【音乐】 歌词The word “night” comes through in the very texture of the images. Just at the time when the images appeared, the word “night” showed clearly. Very：Being particularly suitable or appropriate: 正是那个的：特别适合或者恰当的：e.g. the very item needed to increase sales. 恰需要增大销量的那个项目 Come through: show clearly 清楚显示 e.g. His humor even came through when we first met. 他的幽默即使在我们第一次见面时就已显露了出来。 Texture: The appearance and feel of a surface: 表面：外貌和表面感觉：e.g. the smooth texture of soap; the rough texture of plowed fields. 香皂光滑的外表；犁过的田地的不平表面silhouette 9silu(:)et: vt. To cause to be seen as a silhouette; outline: 使现出轮廓；给画轮廓：e.g. Figures were silhouetted against the setting sun. 这些人影被落日映衬着 see sth. as silhouette. 看见某物的轮廓。diagram daigrm: A plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to demonstrate or explain how something works or to clarify the relationship between the parts of a whole. 图示，图解：为演示或解释某物如向工作或者为澄清整体各部分之间关系而设计的平面图、示意图、图底或外形图The spotlight, then, is the very principle of intelligibility at work: The spotlight is just the tool that can help people see that the night is around the singer.principle: A basic truth, law, or assumption: 原则，原理：基本的真理、法则或论断：e.g. the principles of democracy. 民主政治的原则intelligibility intelidbilti: the state of being intelligible. 可理解性。blues: (Music) A style of music evolved from southern Black American secular sekjul世俗的 songs and usually distinguished by slow tempo and flatted 降音的thirds and sevenths. 【音乐】 蓝调音乐，布鲁斯：一种源于美国南部黑人通俗歌曲的音乐风格，通常表现为音速低缓，演奏第三和第七音节的降音调strum strm: To play (a stringed musical instrument弦乐器) by stroking or brushing the strings: 拙劣地弹奏：通过轻拂或轻触弹奏（弦乐器）：e.g. strum a banjo. 拨弄班卓琴take on: undertake; assume, a burden or responsibility.承受负担；承担责任。wistful: Pensively 焦虑的sad; melancholy melnkli. 愁闷的：愁眉