定语从句1.docx

“介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点, 近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。为便于同学们学习掌握，笔者扼要地对它的几种考查热点进行了归纳和解析，希望同学们能举一反三，加以掌握并运用。考点1 简单介词+关系代词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。 高考考例： 1. (2004全国卷) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。 2. (2004全国卷) The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Years party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。 3. (2004上海卷) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 解析：先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，identify.as.意为“把当作”，故答案选D。 考点2 复杂介词+关系代词 知识归纳： 用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如： We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden. Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided? 考点3 简单介词+关系代词+名词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词有which, whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子的含义。 高考考例： (1995上海) In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _ time many people have gone home. A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which 解析：介词by表示时间的意思是“到那时为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。 考点4 the+ 名词+of+关系代词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。 高考考例： (2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 解析：答案选B。本题就是一个考查the+ 名词+of+关系代词结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。 考点5 表示部分的词语of关系代词 知识归纳：此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。 高考考例： 1. (2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 解析：答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。 2. (2004辽宁卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 解析：答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。备考练习： 1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that 2. My brothers purse, _ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus. A. there B. which C. in which D. that 3. The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful. A. in which B. which C. in that D. that 4. The reason_ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which 5. His glasses, _ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those 6. The computer, _ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that 7. In the past we lost many chances, _ we paid little attention. A. which B. that C. in which D. to which 8. The pen, _ I had been writing for ten years, was broken. A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it 9. Mary has two brothers, _ are doctors. A. both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both 10. The problem _ you argued about yesterday has been solved. A. that B. what C. why D. for which 11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _ I have forgotten. A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which 12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _ home the thief had stolen a computer. A. whom B. which C. that D. whose 13. I hate the way _ you talk to your mother. A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which 14. At last we found the hole in the wall _ the mouse got into the house last night. A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which 15. There are three girls in the room, _ is Toms sister. A. the tallest of which B. the tallest of whom C. tallest of that D. tallest of which 16. Ill never forget the day _ I bought my own guitar with my own money. A. where B. on which C. on when D. that 17. She is just the girl, with _ my brother came to visit me last month. A. whom B. her C. that D. who 18. Last night we saw two movies, _ was interesting. A. both of which B. neither of which C. both of them D. neither of them 19. This is the house in _ I was born thirty years ago. A. it B. there C. which D. that 20. The reason for _ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless. A. which B. why C. that D. it Test on Attributive Clauses【专项训练】、Choice:1、The knife _ we used to cut the bread is very sharp. AwhichBwithCwith itDwith which2、The brave man, _the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.Aof whomBby thatCby whomDby which3、The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what it was going on inside the house.Aon whichBat whichCthrough whichDin which4、The beautiful dress _Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.Ain whichBworn byCthrough whichDon which5、During the days _ , he worked as a servant at the Browns. Athat followedBto followCfollowingDfollowed6、You may take anything useful _. Awhich you wantByou want themCwhat you wantDyou want7、My hometown is no longer the same_it used to be. Alike BthatCasDwhich8、The old woman has two sons, one_is a teacher. Aof whoBof whomCof whichDof them9、You can take any seat_is free. Ain which BthatCwhereDwhich10、Is there anything _ to you? Athat belongBwhich belongsCthat belongsDthat is belonged11、We hope to get such a tool_he is using.AwhereBthatCasDwhich12、Finally came the day_he had to begin his study for the next term. AtillBthatCsinceDwhich13、She hasnt got enough money_she buys the rings.Afor whichBwith whichCthatDwhich14、Ive read all the books _were borrowed from the library.AtheyBwhichC/Dthat15、This is the best hotel in the city_I know. AitBwhereCthatDwhich16、Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? AitBwhichC/Dthat17、The Second World War_millions of people were killed ended in 1945. Aon whichBwhereCin thatDduring which18、The train_she was travelling was late. Aon thatBfor whichCon whichDwhich19、Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long. Aon whichBthatCwhenDwhere20、Ill show you a store_you may buy all you need. Athat, thatBwhich, thatCwhere, whichDin which, /21、I still remember the day_she first wore that pink dress. Aon whichBon thatCin whichDwhich22、Do you know the reason_she got so angry yesterday ? AwhyBwhichCfor thatDfor why23、Is_some German friends visited last week ? Athis school whereBthis school one Cthis the schoolDthis school24、Is there any one in your class_family is in the city. AwhoseBwhichCwhosDwho25、Can you lend me the book_the other day ?Awhich you talkedBthat you talked Cabout that you talkedDyou talked about26、This is one of the best films_this year. Awhich has been shownBthat have been shown Cthat have shownDhave been shown27、Do you know the man_? Athat I spokeBI spoke to Cto who I spokeDwhom I spoke28、There are two thousand students in our school,_are girls. Atwo-thirds in whichBtwo-thirds in them Ctwo-thirds of themDof whom two thirds29、I have bought two ball-pens,_ writes well. Aneither of themBnone of them Cneither of whichDnone of which30、He built a telescope_he could study the skies. Aby itBthrough whichCwith thatDin which31、Do you know the reason_he was late? Afor whichBfor whatCwhichDthat32、_has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. AAsBThatCWhatDWhich33、John got beaten in the game,_had been expected.AwhoBwhatCthatDas34、Theyre invented me to their party,_is kind of them. AthisBthatCwhichDas35、Crusoes dog became ill and died,_made him very lonely.AthisBthatCwhichDas36、There isnt so much noise in the country_in big cities. AasBwhereCwhichDthat37、I often thought of my childhood,_I lived on a farm. AwhoBwhenCwhereDwhich38、Next month,_youll be in your hometown, is coming. AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich39、The next thing_must be done is to make a plan. AwhichBthatCwhenD/40、He talked happily about the men and books_interested him greatly in the school. AthatBwhenCwhoDwhich、Fill in the blanks：1、This is the professor _ taught me chemistry in 1980 .2、The hospital _ was built five years ago has been modernized.3、This is the boy _father died three years ago.4、The film _ we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.5、Do you know the student _was praised at the meeting?6、1949 is the year _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.7、They work in a factory _makes radio parts.8、They work in a factory _radio parts are made.9、This is the vision phone through _we can see and talk to our friends.10、Here are players from Japan, some of _are our old friends.11、She lives in a small village, _is only three miles from here.12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, _she has some friends.13、Well put off the meeting till next week, _ we wont be so busy.14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, _is very important to the living things.15、Those _ want to go to the computer room write your names here.16、He was often late,_ made his teacher very angry.17、Who is the person _is standing at the gate?18、He talked about the teachers and schools _he had visited.、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any:1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.4、The days when we spent together cannot