湖北省洪湖市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（2）.doc

湖北省洪湖市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（2）阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：热点关注时间：7分钟does style really sell? how can the appearance of a product be more important than what it does? the battle between form and function rose again when james dyson，british inventor of the dyson vacuum(真空) cleaner that has sold in millions around the world，resigned as chairman of londons design museum.it is widely believed that mr.dyson felt that the museum put too much stress on style at the expense of serious industrial design.mr.dyson accused the museum of not keeping true to itself.he may be right，but these days，museums everywhere can no longer afford to be unique centers of scholarship and learning.among competition for sponsorship，they must use exhibitions of populist culture，nice cafes and shops or，best of all，a new building by frank gehry to increase visitor numbers.on the one hand，some producers can be too oldfashioned and too concerned with the importance of product engineering and the functionality of their goods.on the other hand，there are those who believe that how a product looks is more important.design is indeed a broad term，involving both function and form.typically，in any given product area，it changes from the former to the latter.clothing is a good example.but surely you would have to be a very shallow person to think somethings appearance is more important than what it does. today nearly all goods at any given price point do much the same job.so almost the only way producers can differentiate their products from those of their competitors is to create some sort of emotional connection with the consumer，which could be through the visual appeal of the product or its packaging，or the imagery(意象) created by advertising.and what of the dyson vacuum cleaner? mr.dyson may believe that people buy these machines because of the graphs showing their superior suction，but most vacuum cleaners do a good job；the main reason people pay extra for a dyson is that it is a vacuum cleaner with a trendy brand.with its inside workings exposed，it is a bit like a richard rogers building with all its pipes shown in bright colors on the outside instead of being hidden inside.functional it may be，but it is a bit of a trick，too.【语篇导读】英国吸尘器发明家dyson因强烈反对设计博物馆太过注重外在的风格样式而辞职，他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方。1mr.dyson left the design museum because he thought the museum _.adidnt increase the number of visitorsbcouldnt provide scholarships for learnerscwasnt loyal to its original purpose of learningddidnt have great appeal for serious industrial design解析推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句可知，他辞职是因为设计博物馆太注重风格样式。他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方，他们的做法违背了这个初衷。答案c2speaking of clothing，the underlined word“latter” refers to “_ ”aaffording protectionbindicating ones identitycproviding warmthdmaking someone beautiful解析词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，这里的latter指的是前面一句话中的form，即外形。因此d项正确。答案d3what can we learn from paragraph 4?aa product with convenient packaging sells well.bthe majority of consumers prefer to buy branded goods.cmost similarly priced products are of a comparable standard.demotion contributes much to the development of advertising industry.解析细节理解题。由第四段的第一句可知，大多数指定价格的产品都做着同样的工作，即大多数相似价格的产品都有可比的标准。所以c项正确。答案c4what is the authors attitude towards the form of a product?aoptimistic. bsceptical.cdisapproving. dobjective.解析态度推断题。由最后两段的内容可知，作者认为产品的外形还是很重要的，但也是个小花招，因此作者对产品外形持客观的态度。选d。答案d阅读理解。everyone knows about straight-a students. we see them frequently in tv situation comedies and in movies likerevenge(复仇) of the nerds. they get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull laborers, their noses always stuck in a book. they are not good at social communication and look clumsy when it comes to sports. how, then, do we account for domenica roman or paul melendres? roman is on the tennis team at fairmont senior high school. she also sings in the choral group, serves on the student council(学生会) and is a member of the mathematics society. for two years she has maintained as in every subject. melendres, now a freshman at the university of new mexico, was student-body president at valley high school in albuquerque. he played soccer and basketball well, exhibited at the science fair, and meanwhile worked as a reporter on a local television station. being a speech giver at the graduation ceremony, he achieved straight as in his regular classes, plus bonus points for as in two college-level courses. how do super-achievers like roman and melendres do it? brains arent the only answer. top grades dont always go to the brightest students, declares herbert walberg, professor of education at the university of illinois at chicago, who has conducted major studies of super-achieving students. knowing how to make the most of your innate(天赋的) abilities counts for more. much more. in fact, walberg says, students with high i.q.s sometimes dont do as well as classmates with lower i.q.s. for them, learning comes too easily and they never find out how to get down. hard work isnt the whole story, either. its not how long you sit there with the books open, said one of the many a students we interviewed. its what you do while youre sitting. indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates. the kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn. 1. the “nerds” can probably be _.a. dull bookworms lacking sports and social skillsb. successful top students popular with their peersc. students with certain learning difficultiesd. born leaders crazy about social activities2. what can we conclude from the first paragraph?a. most tv programs and films are about straight-a students.b. people have unfavorable impression of straight-a students.c. everyone knows about straight-a students from tv or films.d. straight-a students are well admired by people in the society.3. some students become super-achievers mainly because _.a. they are born cleverer than othersb. they worker longer hours on studyc. they make full use of their abilitiesd. they know the short cut to success4. what will be talked about after the last paragraph?a. the interviews with more students.b. the role i.q. plays in learning well.c. the techniques to be better learners.d. the achievements top students make.5. what can we infer from the passage?a. students neednt work hard on study any more.b. the brightest students can never get top grades.c. top students certainly achieve all-around developments. d. students with average i.q.s can become super-achievers.【参考答案】15 a b c c d阅读下列短文，从没题所给的四个选项(a, b, c, d)中选出最佳选项。nine years ago, after leo had died, people said to me. i never knew he was your stepfather. you see, i never called him that. at first, he was no one special in my life. then he became my friend. in time, i felt he was also my father.leo married my mother when i was eleven. two years later we moved into a house in a new suburban development, where we put down roots. at first our lawn was just a mud with wild grass, but leo saw bright possibilities. well plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers, he said. and just these little touches made our house different from all the others. more important, a real family was forming. leo was becoming a full-time parent, and i was learning what it meant to have a father.weekday mornings when the weather was bad, leo often drove me to school. having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but i always thought it was wonderful. saturday mornings, we went to the hardware shop, then stepped into the five-and-ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but i, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other families do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. looking back, i realized that leo gave me what i needed mostthe experience of doing ordinary things together as a family.soon after we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself to me. she had already met my mother and leo. you know, she said, you look just like your father. i knew she was just making conversation-but even so. thank you, i said. why tell her anything different?1the writers purpose in writing this passage is _.ato show his pride to have a good stepfatherbto show how interesting a person leo wascto remind us of our parentsdto explain why they moved to the suburbs2the phrase “put down roots”in the second paragraph means .afarmedbplantedcsettled dworked3in the writers opinion, _.ait is not easyto live with a stepfatherbnot all the stepfathers are as good as leocthe husband and wife must think more about their children before they divorcedin stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious4the last sentence “why tell her anything different?”means that .ahe should have told the truth bhe wouldnt tell her the truthche wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with leodhe wanted to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors【参考答案】14、acdb【由山东省2014模拟改编】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。the world is filled with smart，talented and gifted peoplewe meet them every daya few days ago，my car was not running welli pulled it into a garage，and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minuteshe knew what was wrong by simply listening to the enginei was amazedthe sad truth is，great talent is not enough i am constantly shocked at how little talented people earni heard the other day that less than 5 percent of americans earn more than $100，000 a yeara business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle financiallyit was this business consultant who gave me the phrase，“they are one skill away from great wealth”there is an old saying that goes，“job means just over broke（破产）”and unfortunately，i would say that the saying applies to millions of peoplebecause school does not think financial intelligence is intelligence，most workers“ live within their means”they work and they pay the billsinstead i recommend young people to seek work for what they will learn，more than what they will earn when i ask the classes i teach，“how many of you can cook a better hamburger than mcdonalds?” almost all the students raise their handsi then ask，“so if most of you can cook a better hamburger，how come mcdonalds makes more money than you?” the answer is obvious: mcdonalds is excellent at business systemsthe reason why so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systemsthe world is filled with talented poor people they focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger1the author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph that ahe is just one of the talented people bhe is ready to help othersche has a sharp sense of hearing dhe knows little about car repairing2the underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by aspend more than they can afford bdo in their own wayclive in their own circle dlive within what they earn3why do talented people earn so 1ittle according to the author?athey dont work hard enough bthey lack financial intelligencecthey dont make full use of their talents dthey have no specialized skills4the success of mcdonalds lies in its askills at making hamburgersbgood business systemsctalented workers dexcellent service5the main purpose of the author is to tell us ahow young people can find a satisfactory jobbwhat schools should teach studentscwhy so many talented people are poor dhow mcdonalds makes much money【参考答案】15、adbbc 短文改错(共l0小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)(注意：在试题卷上作答无效) 短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词一个漏词符号()，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。dear james, i am so excited that you are come to china. i will free from december18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. ill meet you at the airport and then you will take bus no.8 to my home. you worry about the weather here on your email. in fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. it isnt very cold. but you neednt bring many clothes with you. during your stay here. ill take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks. im sure we will have greatly fun together.looking forward to meeting you soon. yours, john【参考答案】4、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横