湖北省荆州市高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空训练（14）.doc

湖北省荆州市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空训练（14）及答案阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：mankind evolved to possess the fightorflight stress response，allowing us to survive in a dangerous world.yet in todays manmade jungle，it has become one of our greatest killers.even simple tasks，such as driving to work，are often compounded by emotional responses: expletives hurled，fists shaken in anger and aggressive threats made toward other drivers.we forget to turn off our nature and instead allow stress，anger and frustration to take physical control of our bodies.why stress，anger and frustration are problematicthe problem with stress and anger in the modern world is that most stressful or frustrating scenaries do not require an active physical response.there are no lions or tigers to escape，only imaginary ones.our inactivity in the face of stress or frustration causes most of us not to recognize that our fightorflight response system has been started.our bodies often exist in a state of constant panic，and the chemicals and hormones released into the blood become toxic，resulting in heart disease，arthritis，osteoporosis，diabetes and certain cancers.the_biological_response_that_has_helped_to_keep_us_from_becoming_prey_for_thousands_of_years_is_now_preying_upon_us.how to keep stress，anger and frustration from killing youthe first thing to do in the battle against stress and anger is to recognize them.recognizing triggers and physical responses to stressful situations can help you reduce them.once you recognize that a stressful situation has triggered a physiological response，the best way to bring the body back into a homeostatic_state is through physical activity.walking，running，biking，jumping or any energetic activity will help bring the body back into equilibrium.while it may seem strange to do 100 jumping jacks after a stressful meeting or go for a jog after getting into an argument with your wife，it can save your life.it only feels unnatural because our environment is unnatural.dont let stress，anger or frustration eat at you.fight back through exercise.notes：frustration n挫折equilibrium n平衡长短句分析：our bodies often exist in a state of constant panic，and the chemicals and hormones released into the blood become toxic，resulting in heart disease，arthritis，osteoporosis，diabetes and certain cancers.句法点睛：and前后为顺承关系，resulting是动名词形式作结果状语。句意：我们的身体常常处于一种持续的恐慌状态，这使得化学物质和释放入血液中的荷尔蒙变得有毒，从而导致心脏病、关节炎、骨质疏松症、糖尿病和某些癌症。【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了面对压力、愤怒和挫折，人们最佳的应对方法进行体育活动。1which of the following isnt mentioned in the passage as the expression of emotional response during driving to work?aexpletives hurled.bsweat all over.cfists shaken in anger.daggressive threats.答案b细节理解题。由第二段第一句“even simple tasks，such as driving to work，are often compounded by emotional responses：expletives hurled，fists shaken in anger and aggressive threats made toward other drivers.”可知，a项、c项和d项都在文中有信息支持，只有b项未提及。2what can we infer from the underlined sentence?aour biological response is not as useful as before.bthere is something wrong with our biological response.cour biological response now affects us in a bad way.dour biological response now makes us the prey of other livings.答案c推理判断题。这句话直译是“数千年来使得我们成为捕猎者的生物反应现在反过来使得我们成为被捕猎者”。意味着以前帮助我们生存的生物反应现在使得我们在生存中变得十分被动，因而c项正确。其他选项均不合语境。3find out a word which has the similar meaning with the underlined phrase in this passage.aequilibrium. bstressful.cunnatural. dfrustrating.答案a词义猜测题。由语境可知，使身体回到“homeostatic state”的最好方式是进行体育活动。后面一句对上文进行了进一步解说。equilibrium和homeostatic state是同义词。4which of the following is not the right way to keep you from stress，anger and frustration?ado jumping jacks. bgo for a jog.chave a walk. dstay at home doing nothing.答案d推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句“dont let stress，anger or frustration eat at you.fight back through exercise.”可知，击败压力、愤怒和挫折的最好办法是进行体育活动。选项中只有d项不是体育活动。 (第*篇)celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. fans used to be crazy about specific film，but now the public tends to base its consumption (消费)on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. besides，fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearly as well as famous faces. as a result.celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for othersproducts to developing their own.celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon，but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers，and limited to a few tv actresses. today theyre started by firstclass stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. the most successful startups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. as celebrities become more and more experienced at the market，they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.however，for every success story, theres a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. no matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in selfpromotional marketing. and once the initial (最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to triedandtrue labels.today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. the popcultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. each_misstep_threatens_to_reduce_a_celebritys_shelf_life,_and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. still，the egos (自我的)potential for expansion is limitless. having already achieved great wealth and public recognition，many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. as the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashionlike celebrityhas always been temporary.5. fashion magazines today_.a. seldom put models on the coverb. no longer put models on the coverc. need not worry about celebritiesmarket potentiald. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly解析细节理解题。由第一段“fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover”可知答案。答案a6. a change in the consumer market can be found today that_.a. price rather than brand name is more concernedb. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisementsc. producers prefer tv actresses to film stars for advertisementsd. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned解析推理判断题。文章第三段论述名人如果高估了自己的形象价值而忽视了质量问题，人们还是最终会失去兴趣而信任质量过硬的品牌。答案d7. the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly_.a. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsb. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicc. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show businessd. influence the price of a celebritys products解析推理判断题。联系此句上下文：流行文化圈越来越大，但失败的风险也会越来越大，依靠名人效应的品牌一旦失足，影响的不只是名人自己的形象还有企业的效益。a项最全面，其他选项片面或偏离中心。答案a8. the passage is mainly about_.a. celebrity and personal styleb. celebrity and market potentialc. celebrity and fashion designd. celebrity and clothing industry解析主旨大意题。通过对文章的分析可以看出，文章讲的是名人和市场潜能的关系，而不是和个人风格、流行设计、服装工业的关系。答案b*结束完型填空（7）it was christmas 1961. i was teaching in a small town where my twenty-seven third graders eagerly 1 the great day gift-giving in advance.each day the children produced some new 2 string of popcorn, hand-made trinkets, and german bell. through it all a girl remained alone, watching from a distance, 3 miles away. i wondered what would happen to this quiet child, once so happy, now suddenly so withdrawn . i hoped the festivities would 4 to her. but nothing did. the students made the fried marbles（玻璃弹子）and competed with one another to bring the 5 ones.the day of gift-giving finally came. we cheered over our handiwork as the presents were 6 . all along, she sat quietly watching. to see her smile, i had made a special bag for her. she opened it so slowly and carefully. i waited but she 7 away. i had not passed through the wall of 8 she had built around herself.after school i sat down in a chair, hardly 9 of what was happening. when she came to me with her hands holding a small white box and slightly soiled, as if it had been held many times by 10 childish hands, she said nothing. “for me?” i asked. she said not a word, but nodded her head. i took the box and cautiously opened it. there inside, glistening green, a fried marble 11 from a golden chain. then i looked into that eight-year-old face and saw the 12 in her dark brown eyes. in a flash i knew she had made it for her mother, who had died just three weeks before and would never hold her or brush her hair or 13 her childish joys or sorrows.i meant it when i whispered, “oh, maria, it is so beautiful. your mother would love it.” neither of us could stop the 14 . she threw herself into my arms and we wept together. and for that brief moment i became her mother, for she had given me the greatest 15_ of all: her trust and love.1. a. prepared b. wantedc. expected d. waited2. a. fancies b. plansc. wonders d. ideas3. a. barely b. generallyc. mainlyd. seemingly4. a. lead b. appeal c. adapt d. stick5. a. prettiest b. wisest c. heaviest d. smallest6. a. collected b. chosen c. exchanged d. delivered7. a. gave b. threw c. carried d. turned 8. a. loneliness b. isolationc. communication d. anxiety9. a. afraid b. aware c. sure d. careful10. a. untouched b. unusedc. unwashed d. unknown11. a. protected b. hung c. held d. made12. a. question b. eagerness c. worry d. happiness13. a. know b. enjoy c. comfort d. share14. a. cry b. excitement c. tearsd. feeling 15. a. joyb. beauty c. memory d. gift1-5acdba 6-10cdbbc 11-15badcd*结束lisa was running late. lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming in for thanksgiving from her hometown. but as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warm. by the time she got to the platform，lisa felt weak and tired maybe it hadnt been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. she rested herself against a post close to the tracks.several yards away, frank ,43, and his girlfriend, jennifer，found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop. they were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying.but when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling，“oh, my god, she fell in！”frank didnt hesitate. he jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. “no ! not you ! ”his girlfriend screamed after him.she was right to be alarmed. by the time frank reached lisa，he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. the train was about 20 seconds from the station.it was hard to lift her. she was just out. but he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the arms and drag her away from the edge. that was where lisa briefly regained consciousness，felt herself being pulled along the ground，and saw someone else holding her purse.lisa thought shed been robbed. a woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head. and she tried to talk but she couldnt，and that was when she realized how much pain she was in.police and fire officials soon arrived, and frank told the story to an officer. jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40minute train ride downtownjust as he had been seconds after the rescue，which made her think about her reaction at the time. “i saw the train coming and i was thinking he was going to die，” she explained.语篇解读本文讲述了frank在地铁站，冒着被列车轧死的危险救助了因身体虚弱而失去知觉的lisa的经过。1what was the most probable cause