四级阅读理解常见词汇、词组、句型汇总.doc

四级阅读理解常见词汇、词组、句型汇总(1)词汇之一名词（）1.oceanography. n .海洋学；2.application. n.实施、运用；3.surface. n/v表面；4.commerce. u商业/贸易；5.consequence. pl结果;u重要性；6.profile. n.侧面；v从侧面看；7.investigation. n调查；8.reliability. u.可靠（性）; 9.expedition. n探险、考察；10.sample. n样/标本；11.classification. u.分类；c种类；12.analysis. n.分析；13.volume. c.卷、册；14.course. n.课程、航线；过程15.credit. n.学分；16.semester. n.学期；17.strain. n.压力、拉紧；18.pressure. u.压力；19.enthusiasm. u.热情（for/about sth）;20.discipline.u纪律，c学科；21.authority. n权力/威；22.explanation.n解释=interpretation；23.forenoon=morning;24.monologue. n 独白；25.cycle.n周期；26.yawn.n.哈欠；27.temper. n.脾气；28.personality. c.个性；29.reasoning. u.推理；30.shortage.n.不足；31. .academy学院; Academy Award金象奖；32.account. n.帐目、报告；33.track. pl.踪迹；34.colleague. n同事；35.administration. u.实施、管理；36.salary. n.薪水；37.recommendation. n.推荐；38.characteristic. n.与众不同的特征；39.treatment. u.治疗、c疗法；40.outcome. sing.结果；41.item. n条款、项目；42.manufacturer. n.制造商；43.consumer. n消费者；44.statement. u说明、c声明、报告；45.stereo .n立体声音响；46.proof. n.证据；47.wardrobe. n.衣柜；48.conclusion. c结论.u.协定；49.reliability. u可靠性；50.priority. n.优先；51.motivation. n动力；52.breakthrough. n.突破；53.provision. n.提供；54.journalist. n.新闻记者；55.sum. c总数、金额；56.field. n领域；57.share. n.一份；58.proportion. n部分；59.creativeness. n.创造；60.pump. n泵；61.device. n装置；62.agency. n代理处、政府特殊机构；63.tube. n管子；64.infection. n感染；65.inventor. n发明家；66.pack. n/v包；67.health care.卫生保健；68.program. n程序、计划；69.expenditure. n开支；70.means. n手段、方法；71.transportation. n运输；72.necessity. n必要；73.settlement. n新拓居地；74.curiosity. c好奇心；75.construction. n建筑；76.load. n重担、工作量；77.range. n山脉、范围；78.labor. n劳工=labourer；79.Congress国会，congress. n（代表）大会；80.crew. n全体人员；81. promontory. n峡、海角；82.occasion. n时机；83.celebration(s)庆祝；84.parade.n/v游行、炫耀；85.church. n 教堂；86.achievement. n成就；87.site. n地点、场所；88.status. n身份、地位；89.invention. n发明；90.property. n财产；91.situation. n情形；92.interaction. n一起活动、合作；93.appraisal. n 评价；94.interpretation. n解释、口译；95.task. n任务；96.style. n时尚、风格；97.fabric. n织品；98.costume. n服装；99.pocketbook. n钱包；100.rack. n行李架；101.assessment. n估价；102.appreciation. n欣赏；103.individual. n个人；104.wealth. n财富；105.fame. n名望；106.affair. n事务；107.fortune. n财富、运气、命运；108.longing. n渴望；109. reality. n事实;110. freelance. N自由作家；111.prospect. n前途；112.apartment. n（美）公寓住宅；113.bathroom. n浴室；114.shadowland. n虚幻境界；115.wonderland. n仙境；116.imagination. n想象；117.instruction. n指示/令；118.description. n描述；119.gesture. n姿/手势；120.intention. n目的、意图；121.repertoire. n节目、能发出的全部声音；122.self-imitation自我模仿；123.phenomenon. n现象；phenomena. Pl现象；124.psychologist. n心理学家；125. attention. n注意（力）；126. institute. n学院、协会；127.application .n申请（表）；128. candidate. n候选人；129.resume. n简历；130.stain. n污点；131.perfectionist. n十全十美主义者；132.struggle.n/ v努力；133.coordinate. n同等者、pl坐标;v调整；134.adjustment. n调整；135.necessary. n必需品；136.grasp. n/v抓紧；37.applicant. n申请者；138.background. n背景；139.carelessness. n粗心；140.objective. n目标a.客观的；141.circumstances .n环境；142.block. n街区；143.flat. n公寓；144.existence. n存在；145.case. n事、情形；146.inhabitant. n居民；147.provision. n供应；148. facility. c.设备、工具、容易；149.disposal. n处理、安排；150.storage. n储藏；151.carriage. n马车、车架、baby carriage童车, 婴儿车(亦作baby buggy)；152.assumption. n设想；153.community. n团体；154.resident. n居民；155.pesticide. c杀虫剂；156.disease. n疾病；157.woodland. n森林地；158. exposure. n.暴露；159.chemical. n化学药品；160.poisoning. n.中毒；161.pollution. n污染；162.offi cial. n官员；163 lifetime. n.一生；164.nature. n本性；165.threat. n威胁；166.sign. c.迹象；v.签名；167.label.n标签；168.grocer. n 食品商、杂货店；169.butcher. n屠夫；170.baker. n面包师；171.preservation. n保存；172.technique. c技术；173.marketing. n市场营销；174.hardware. n。五金器具、硬件；software.n.软件;175.globe. n地球；176.tropics. n热带；177. connection. n连接；178. architecture. n建筑（学）；179.silicon. n.硅；180.ancestor. n祖先/宗；181.carbon. n碳；182.intelligence. n智力；183.economy. n经济、节约；184.scale. n 天平，等级；185.frontier. n边疆/境；186.environment. n环境；187.combination. n结合；188.substance. n物质；189.installation. n安装；190.damage. n损/伤害；191. .injury. c.伤害;192.highway. n公路(区别motorway. n.高速公路)；193.code. n.代码、标准；194.foundation. n.基础；195.rubber. n.橡胶；196.impact. n.影响；197.vibration. n.震动；198.concrete. n.混凝土；199.support. n/v支持；200.organism. n.有机体；201.function. n作用；202.counterbalance.n/v平衡；203.fever. n/v.发烧;204.insect. n.昆虫；205.infrared. n/a红外线；206. satellite. C人造卫星；207.physicist. n.物理学家；208.stress. n.压力；209.spraying.n.喷雾；210.pest. n害虫；211.backer. n支持者；212.refinement. n.精致、改进；213.agriculture.n。农业；214.department. n部；215.size. n大小、尺寸；216.promotion. n.促进；217.meteor. c.流星；218.ray. c.光线v放射；219.atmosphere. n.大气、气氛；220.blanket. n毯子；221.radiation. n辐射；222.spacesuit. n太空服；223. inside. N.内部（反义词outside外部）;224.spacecraft. n太空船；225.explorer探测家；226. figure. N.数字；227.rem. n.人体伦琴当量；228.mission .c任务；229.crew. n全体人员；230.taste. n.味道、v.体验；231.Pepsi百事可乐；232.brand. n商标、品牌；234.loyalty.n. 忠诚；235.volunteer. c.志愿者；236.classic.n杰作a第一流的；(区别classical. a古典的);237.version.版本；238. burnout. n燃尽；239.preference. n偏爱；优先选择；240.statistic. n统计；241.concept. n概念；242.substitute. n代替品；243.bearer. n持有者；244.geography. n地理（学）；245.evaluation. n评价；246.complaint. n抱怨；247.dissatisfaction不满；248.deficiency. c.缺陷；249.offense. c进攻；250.remark. c/v.评论;251.improvement. n进步、改进；252.acquisition获得、学会；253.enthusiasm. n；254.strictness. n严格；255.punctuality. n准时；256.moral standards道德标准；257.consistency. n一致性；258.morality. n道德；259.behaviour. n行为；260.feature. n特写；261.topicality. n时事性；262.immediacy . n直接；263. coverage. N覆盖；264.popularity. n普及、流行；265.specialist. n专家；267.wickedness. n邪恶；268.policy. c政策；269.the White House白宫；270.snooze. n/v打盹；271.opportunity. c.机会；272.phase. n状态；273.violin. n小提琴=fiddle(区别cello大提琴)；274.prodigy. c.神童；275.region. c.地方；276. Jew. C.犹太人；277.passport. n护照；278.competitive society竞争性社会；279.biological inheritance生理遗传；280. generation. N一代；281.musician. n音乐家；282.career. n事业；283.professional field专业领域；284. natural gift天赋才能, 天资； 词汇之一名词（）1. vehicle. C.车辆;2.delivery.n 交货;3.certificate. n证书;4.court. n法庭;5.document. n文件;6. parking space. n.停车位;7.invitation letter邀请信;8.colleague. c.同事;9.measurement. n测量;10.section. c.部分;11.intellect. n智力;12.emotion. n情感;13.character. n特征/性格;14. contract. N.合同v订约;15.faculty.c才能;16.contraction. n紧缩;17.oxygen氧;18.calculator.n计算器;19.clerk. c职员；20.opinion. c主张；21.branch. c.分枝；22.era. n时代；23.routine task日常工作；24.authority. n权利；25.malfunction. n故障；26.check. n支票.v检查；27.Mars.n火星;28.evolution.n进化,演变;29.evolutionary theory进化论;30.survival.幸存;31.attacker. n攻击者;32.fatherhood.n父权,父性;33.reaction.n反应;34.couple.c夫妇;35.pregnancy.n怀孕;36.literature.n文学;37.transformation.n转化,改革,转换;38.daily routine生活规律;39.adaption.n适应;40.breadwinner.n养家糊口的人;41.household.n家庭;42.life style生活方式;43.conversation.n会话;45.consciousness.n意识,知觉,觉悟;46.lightning.n闪电;47.thunderstorm.c雷暴;48. interval.n时间间隔;49.relationship.n关系;50.register.n登记,留有印象;51.misfortune.n不幸;52.automobile.n.汽车;53.criteria.n标准;54.economist.n经济学家;55.evidence.n证据;56.talent.n才能,天才;57.African.n非洲人;58.impression.n印象;59.spectator.c观众,旁观者;60.fulte.n长笛;61.ensemble.n歌舞团,合唱团;62.drum.n鼓;drummer.c鼓手;63.open area户外;64.nucleus.n核子;65.point of view观点;66.core.n核心,中心;67.wisdom.n智慧,学识;68.proportion.n比例,部分;69.factor.c因素;70.complexity.n复杂性;71.discovery.c发现;72.invention.c发明,创造;73.infant death-rate婴儿死亡率;74supply inadequate供给不足;75.augment.n/v增强;76.wisdom.n智慧;77.makeup.n天性,化妆品,结构;78.atom.n原子;79.evil.n邪恶;80. fleet.n 舰队,港湾a.快速的vt消磨;81.the pace of work工作的步伐;82.gross national product国内总产值;83.intensity.n强度;84.output.产量,输出(量);input输入;85.the financial district金融区;86.rubbish.n垃圾;87.goods.n货物;88. statement.n声明,陈述;89.situation.n情形;90.glance.v/n匆匆一看;91.sociologist.n社会学家;92. indicator.c指示器;93.break the rule打破规则;94.parade.n/v游行;95.Labor Day劳动节;96.promotor.n发起人(常与of连用);97.Irish-American美籍爱尔兰人;98.carpenter.n木匠;99. brotherhood.n.手足情谊, 兄弟关系;100.march.n游行,v进军;101.adoption of the scheme方案采用;102.lawmaker n.立法者;103.wealthy.n富人a.富有的;104.era.n时代;105.pullman.n卧车;106.dynamite.n炸药;107.anti-capitalist反资本主义;108.anarchist.c无政府主义;109.bargain.n契约;110.wage.c工资;111. experience.n/v经历,经验;112.youngster.年轻人;113.benefit.n利益vt有益于;114.fantasy.c幻想,白日梦;115.prior.n预先a 优先的;116.fingerprint.c手印;117.feature.c特征vt是-的特色;118.pigeon.n鸽子;119.Personality.n个性;120.psychologist.n心理学家;121.bookworm.c书呆子;122.conservative.c保守派a保守的;123.appearance.n出现;124.physical characteristic 外表;125.colleague.c同事;126.subject.n实验对象,题目;127.computer screen电脑屏幕;128.stimulation.n刺激;129.nicotine尼古丁;130.margin.n差数,也便空白;131.airline pilot.n飞行员;132.internal-combustion engine内燃机;133.user-friendly便于用户使用；134. burning fule燃料；135. piston.c活塞；136. literacy.n读写能力；137.achievement.n成就；138.commitment.n义务；139.bachelor.n单身汉；140.diversity.n多样性；141.political circles政界；142.contact.n联系；143corporate.n公司；144.instrument.c工具，手段；145.minority.c少数民族；少数；146.meritocracy.n知识界精华；147.cottage.n村舍；148.attraction.n 吸引人的事物；149.castle.c城堡；150.church.c教堂；151.Craft.n工艺；152.the Middle Ages中世纪；153. collection.n组合；154.institution.c公共机构，协会；155.prestige.n威望；156.ideal.n理想；157.competition.n竞争；158.freedom.n自由；159.equality of opportunity机会均等；160.monopoly.n垄断；161.contrast.n/v对比；162.contract.n合同；163. democracy.n民主政治；164.race.n种族，赛跑；165.social rank社会等级；166.appeal.n呼吁，吸引力v要求，控诉；167.buying motives购买动机；168.gasoline.n汽油；169.mileage.n英里数；170.dieter.c节食者；171.calory.c热量单位，卡路里；172.insurance.n保险；173.security.n安全；174.process.c过程；175. quest.n寻求、探索；176.portable computer手提电脑；177.terrorist.n恐怖分子；178.electromagnetic interference电磁干扰；179.cassette player录放机；180.aviation.n航空；181.airline.c航空公司，定期航线；182.take-off起飞；landing.n着陆；183.multinational corportation跨国公司；184.global marketing全球市场营销；185.new communication technology新的通讯技术；186.shrinking cultural difference缩小的文化差距； 187.PR=public relations公共关系188.HR=human resources人力资源；189.leadership.n领导层；190.knowledge.n 知识；191.counterpart.c相对应的人；192.international affairs国际事务；193.CNN=Cable News Network美国有线新闻网络, 以提供即时电视新闻报导而闻名;194.interdependant内在依赖；195.population growth人口增长；196.soap opera肥皂剧；197.instalment.n分期付款；198.reproduction.n再现，繁殖；199.image.n映像；200.toy.c玩具；201.civilization.n文明，文化；202.craftsmanship.n技术；203.mechanics.n力学、结构；204.universality.n普遍性、广泛性；205.surroundings.n环境；206.art form艺术形式；207.oxcart.n牛车；208.ascent.n进步，上升；209.rattle.n拨浪鼓；210.infant.n婴儿；211.limitation.n局限性；212.asteroid.c小行星；213.meteoroid.c流星体；214.version.c天体，译本；215.orbit.c轨道；216.collision.n碰撞；217.course.n过程；218.telescope.c望远镜；219. doomsday世界末日；220.New Yorker Times纽约时报；221.illusion.n错觉；22crash.c碰撞；223.chevrons人字形；224.highway.n公路；motorway.n高速公路；225.excessive speed超速；226.curve.c曲线；227.slope.c斜坡；228. Amtrak美国铁路客运公司；229.ridership.n客运量；230.rail system铁路系统；231. downswing.下滑；232.convenience.n方便；233.flier.c飞行者；234. empire.n帝国；235.audience.c观众；236.cream.n奶油；237.butter.n黄油；238.composition.n成分；239.substance.c物质；240.mystery.n神秘；241.emulsion.c乳状液；242.tiny globule小球体；243.liquid.n液体；solid.n固体；244.compartment.c隔舱室；245.nutrients.n养料；246.bacteria.n细菌；247.lump.n块；248.World Cup世界杯；249.referee.c裁判员；250.tournament.n锦标赛；251.videotape.c录像带；252.welfare feform福利改革；253.advocate.c提倡者；254.toxin.n毒素；255.ethic.n道德观；256.moral.n道德a 道德的；257.dependency.n依靠，信赖；258.variety多样性；259.individuality.n个性化；260.civilian.n平民百姓；261.uniform.n制服；262.quality.n质量；263.garage.n修车场；264.mechanic.n技工；265.professional identity职业身份；266.practical benefits使用价值；267. dry cleaning干洗；268.laundering.n洗烫；269.interpersonal relationship人际关系；270.tendency.n倾向；271.circumstances.n环境；272.daily hassles日常困难；273.coworker.c同事；274.companionship.n友谊；275. solution.n解决方法；276.financial ail财政援助；277.material resources物质资源；278.belonging.c附属品；279. outlet.n出口；280.in the domestic setting 在国内环境下；281.obedience.n顺从；282.pack.n群；283.practicality.n实用性；284.rationality.n合理性；285. engineering.n工程学；286.idealist.n理想主义者；287.reputation.n名誉；288.liberal-arts文科；289.flexibility.n适应性；290.genius.n天才；291.humanist.n人文学者；292.formaldehyde.n甲醛；293