情态动词LZY.doc

高一英语精品2班 必修3语法专项 2011-1-22情态动词 情态动词表示说话人的情感或态度。情态动词必须和不带to的不定式（即动词原形）连用来构成谓语(ought 除外)。情态动词用法意义例句can表示能力能够、会I can sing and dance.表示请求和允许可以Can I go now? ; You can sit here.表示主观推测，用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句一定Can this be true?; It cant be true.How can you be so careless!表示客观/普遍的可能性能，会是It can be very cold in winter in Beijing.could表示过去的能力能够、会I couldnt swim when I was young.表示请求，较委婉-Could I use your bike? Yes, you can.表示推测，语气较弱可能The answer could be right./ He couldnt have been so clever as a child.Be able to 能力 能够、会I will not be able to come this afternoon.设法做成（过去式）manageHe was able to escape from the fire.May & might表示请求和允许（同can）可以May /Might I go now? Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt (cant).推测，语气弱,不用疑问句也许He may be very busy now. must表示义务，强制必须You must finish your work on time.Must I ? Yes,you must. /No, you neednt/ don.mustnt-表示禁止 千万不要You mustnt speak loudly in the library.表示主观推测, 语气强，只用于肯定句一定This must be your pen.He must have been very busy at that time. 表示固执一定要，坚持要Our daughter must do the opposite to what I ordered. Must you make so much noise?表示不巧偏偏Just when I was busy, my neighbour must come and chatterhave to 表示客观须要不得不Theres no bus. I have to walk home.shall疑问句中,用于第一、三人称，表示请示对方行不行Shall we start the meeting now?Shall he fetch a cup of tea for you?陈述句中,用于第二,三人称,表命令,警告,威胁允诺You shall fail if you dont work harder.You shall have the book when I finish reading it.should表示建议,劝告应该You should have a good rest.按常理推测,几近事实理应I bought ten bottles. That should be enough.Its nearly 7 oclock. Tom should be there at any moment.表示不合理,难以相信之事居然,竟会Why should he punish such a book?Who should write it but himself? Im sorry he should be so careless.ought to(should)表示建议,劝告应该You ought not to smoke so much.按常理推测,几近事实理应He ought to be home by now.will疑问句中,用于第二人称,表示请求对方能不能 Will you please pass me the book.?表示个人意愿, 任何人称愿意,会I will tell you all about it.He wont go with us.表习惯性,倾向性Fishes will die without water.The door wont open.would疑问句中,用于第二人称,表示请求对方, 更委婉Would you like a cup of coffee?would表示过去的意愿愿意He told me he would wait for me.表过去反复发生的动作总是He would ask me the silly question . During the vacation, he would visit me every week.dare主要用于疑问,否定句、条件状语从句中敢How dare you say I am unfair.I darent tell him the truth.need不用肯定句中有必要You neednt come so early.-Need I hand in the paper now?-Yes, you must.had better建议最好Youd better have a try.Youd better not give up.注：1. 情态动词+不定式完成式表推测的情态动词用法例句must have done推测过去一定做过或已经发生The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. / He must have known the answer.cant have done推测过去一定没做过或不可能已经发生He cannt have been to the town.Can he have got the book? （ 表怀疑）May/might/could (not) have done推测过去可能（不可能）做过或已经发生You may have killed yourself when you were driving so fast.He might not have finished the work.表示抱怨，与现实相反用法例句should(not) have doneought(not)to have done本该做，而实际上没做本不该做，而实际做了You should have watered the flower everyday, but you didnt .neednt have done 本不必做，而做了There was no class. You neednt have come.Can/could (not) have done本能够做，而没能做或没去做He could have played very well on the concert, but he wasnt well that evening.would have done本该是， 而现实相反If you had come, you would have met him.2. 既是情态动词又是实义动词的 dare 与need1) 作情态动词 I dare not go out alone at night.Dare you go out alone at night? Yes, I dare. No, I darent.I dare say 我感说 (固定句型)You neednt come tomorrow.Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must. No, you neednt.2) 作实义动词dare 和need 作实义动词时,有时态, 人称和数的变化, 后接带to 的不定式。在疑问,否定句，dare 后面的to 可被省略。I dare to swim across the river. I dont dare ( to ) go out alone at night.Do you dare (to) go out alone at night? Yes, I do. No, I dont.He needs to finish it this evening. They did not need to arrive so early.Do I need to come so early? Yes, you do. No, you dont. 单项选择 (情态动词)1. We hope that as many people as possible join us for the picnic tomorrow. A. need B. must C. should D. can- Shall I tell John about it? - No, you _. Ive told him already. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt1. You _ pay more attention to your spelling next time. A. would B. should C. will D. shall2. - Is Jack on duty today? -It be him. Its his turn tomorrow. A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt3. I went to the doctors yesterday, I had to wait for half an hour before he _ see me. A. can B. may C. might D. could4. Theres no light on -they be at home. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt5. - _ this book be yours?- No, it _ not be mine. It _ be his. A. Can, must, may B. May, might, mustC. Can, may, must D. Must, can,6. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will7. - Whats the name? - Khulaifi. I spell that for you? A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might8. - Look! The clouds are gathering. -Yes, Im afraid it be pouring down soon. A. can B. must C. should D. might 9. Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should 10. -I think Ill give Bob a ring. - You . You havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to D. should11. - Juana, sorry to have hurt you, but I didnt mean to. - Thats OK. We drop it this time. But dont do it again. A. must B. should C. might D. can 12. - This Johns car. Its number is AC506. - I dont think so. He said a small white car but this is a small yellow one. A. cant be B. must be C. may not be D. should be13. Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shoute14. Being examined twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver obey in this city. A. shall B. can C. ought to D. need 15. - he start at once or wait for a while? -Let him start at once. A. Will B. Would C. Does D. Shall16. Whenever he was short of money, the girl lend him some to help him out. A. must B. might C. would D. should17. Last night I tried to call on you but your dog simply not let me come through the gate. A. might B. could C. should D. would18. When I was studying at Beijing University, I _ take a walk along the lake every evening. A. will would C. could D. shall 19. In crowded places, like airports and railway stations, you _ take care of your luggage. A. canB. mayC. mustD. will20. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken21. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. A. neednt B. maynt C. cant D. mustnt22. You the boys. Before you did that, as a matter of fact, they had regretted the fight and agreed to make peace. A. neednt have separated B. mustnt have separated C. wouldnt have separated D. couldnt have separated 23. You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt24. The road was muddy. It_ last night.A. must rained B must have rained C must be rained D. could have rained25. - you make so much noise, Kate? you know you are in a conference now? - Sorry, Sir. Ill try not to any more. A. Cant; Dont B. May; Do Must; Dont D. Wont; dont26. -I cant get through to his office anyhow. - The line is busy. Someone the telephone. A. must use B. uses C. must have used D. must be using27. Drivers do not get traffic tickets very often for speeding during the rush hours because they drive fast. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt28. - he come to see you as he promised -Of course, please. And Id rather he me the truth. A. Will; tells B. Shall; told C. Should; will tell D. Can; is telling29. - Where do you think our guide be? - She was here only a moment ago. A. must B. can C. should D.would30. Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They _ from South America on rafts.A. must have sailed B. can sail C. might have sailed D.should have sailed31. -My cats very fat.-You _ have given her so much food.A. wouldntB. couldntC. shouldntD. mustnt32. -Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.- Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of work into it. A. must B. shouldC. must haveD. should have33. I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have beenC. should have been D. could have been34. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _.A. should have B, may have C. must have D. shall have34. He was a good swimmer so he _ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A. could B. might C. should D. was able to35. -The woman scientist have stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. -Oh, dear? She _ a lot of difficulties. A. may go through B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through36. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _.A. should have B, may have C. must have D. shall have37. When I was young, I was told that I _ play with matches.A. wouldnt B. needntC. mustnt D. darent 38. Do you think if he dares _ in public. A. speak B. speakingC. to speak D. spoken39. - May I smoke here?- If you , choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. must40. - Could I have a word with you, mum?- Oh dear, if you . A. can B. must C. may D. should41 - Why you stay in the countryside, where it is not convenient to go shopping?-But Ive found it rather valuable for my health.A. can B. must C. may D. shall42. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _.A. should have B