专题14如何写好中考英语作文.doc

专题14 如何写好中考英语作文中考英语作文是考察学生综合运用英语能力的一种重要形式，中考英语作文在中考英语试卷中占据15分，在中考英语中起着举足轻重的作用。作文质量的好与差，得分悬殊很大，将对考生中考总成绩带来很大影响。目前我市中考英语作文是一种“开放性的命题作文”，概括起来，它含有四个方面的要求：内容、语言和形式及自己的观点。内容是按照题目的要求和指令去写，不得遗漏任何一个要求；不能随意发挥去写一些与主题无关的话。语言的要求是正确、恰当、清楚、连贯，要有至少两个复杂句。在形式上首先要题材格式正确，单词的大小写正确、标点符号正确以及词数在100个词左右。自己的观点要符合题目要求，要与考生学习和生活实际相符。 书面表达的写作思路和步骤：1） 审好题。仔细审查所给的内容提示（包括文字和图表等），明确要求写的内容，确定文章的体裁、人称、时态等，理顺思路，确定主旨。2） 根据内容要点，写出词语片段。对于易于表达的内容，一次成句；对于一时难于表达的内容，写出词组。此时，即注意不遗漏内容要点，也不要随意添加任何内容。3） 确定句型，连词成句。这个环节是成文的关键，一定要注意做到：（1） 选用比较有把握的词汇，用恰当的句型写出确切反映内容要求的句子。在熟悉的基础上，鼓励多用高级词汇和结构复杂的复杂句。如表达“为了”时，可用 in order to do 或 so as to do.也可用so that 引导目的状语从句。（2） 写出的句子要达意，完整，语法正确，合乎习惯，特别是句式、谓语动词形式要有根有据。（3） 表达限定的内容有困难时，就要想到“All roads lead to Rome.”这句话，用变通的方法，已达到“曲径通幽”。如要译“他表哥外强中干”这样一句话，表达起来似乎很难，但我们完全可以通过学过的东西将这句话明白贴切地表达出来：His cousin looks strong but in fact, he is rather weak.（4） 要用英语思维，符合英语表达习惯，尽量避免使用汉语式的英语。例如要表达“她睡得很迟”，不可写成：She slept very late.应该写成：She went to bed very late.因为“sleep late”表示“睡懒觉”。又如要表达“他一点都不担心他的英语”，不可写成：He is not a little worried about his English.实际上意思完全相反，表达成“他非常担心他的英语”了。应该是：He is not a bit worried about his English. 或：He is not worried about his English at all.4)连词成句，添减相宜。单句写出后，根据短文的内容要求，确定先写什么，后写什么，按照表述内容的情节发展和实际需要，重新排列组合已写成的句子，划分必要的段落，一般分成三段。即：文章的开头（Introduction）、文章的主体(Main body)和文章的结尾(Conclusion).这样写成文章的初稿。在连词成句的过程中，还要注意以下几点：（1）句子或段落间的连接不仅仅是个语言问题，也是个逻辑思维方面的问题，这两者是不能截然分开的。能注意到这一点，你的文章就能达到条理清楚、层次分明的境界。 （2）为了使句子或段落语义连贯，表达合理准确，可以适当加入一些链接词语。如表达转折可用but, however, otherwise等，表达递进可用and, also, besides, Whats more等，表达因果so, therefore, as a result等，表达对比可用at the same time, while等，表达让步可用though, although, even if等。有时还需要加入一些必要的过渡句子已达到承上启下的效果。（3）仔细推敲在文章的哪些地方可用复杂句。切忌生搬硬套，给人一种为了用复杂句而用复杂句的感觉。要用得自然、得体。要顺应行文的需要，与整个文章浑然一体。尽量使用我们熟悉的宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。4） 检查，修改，定稿，誊写。检查修改是进一步减少疏漏提高质量的最后程序，这时要对照题目要求，认真检查以下几点：（1）内容有无遗漏或误词，最好一一对应检查。（2）体裁格式对不对。（3）句子是否有语法结构错误，特别要检查句子中的冠词、代词、名词复数、动词的时态、语态、主谓一致等方面是否有错误。（4）句子是否合乎英语表达习惯，是否达意。（5）书写字迹和标点符号是否规范清晰，词数是否基本上符合要求。经过认真修改润色的短文，即可认真工整地誊写在指定的卷面上。抄好后再速读一遍，力求完美。 例如：原题介绍：目前，万盛正在创建(create)全国文明城市（National Civilization City）。作为一个中学生，我们在学校、在家里、在公共场合等等应该做到哪些才能称得上是一个文明的(civilized)人呢？我们又如何为这个活动做贡献（make contribution to）呢？请你就此写一篇100字左右的短文。Nowadays,_解题步骤和应注意事项如下：第一步：认真审题，明确写作体材、提示要点、文章的时态、人称和词数。这篇作文的体裁是倡议书。文章主要有5大提示要点，考生可以用笔将这些要点圈出来。1扬州正在创建全国文明城市。2作为一个中学生在学校怎么做才能称得上是一个文明的人？ 3作为一个中学生在家怎么做？4.作为一个中学生在公共场所怎么做？5. 我们又如何为这个活动做贡献呢？ 这篇文章时态以一般现在时为主。人称用第一人称。词数100个左右。第二步：分析提示要点, 用简明的英语写出要点。五大提示要点只有第一要点是限定的，考生可以直接翻译。其余四大要点都是半限定的、半开放性的。考生需要根据文章主题的需要联系实际生活进行适当发挥。不同的考生会有不同的答案。这部分既是写作的重点也是难点。考生可用简明的英语写出要点。如: At school: keep the classroom clean and tidy. At home : help parents do some housework In public places: obey the traffic rules dont make too much noise make a contribution to this event: give out leaflets to make people understand the importance of this activity. 第三步：列出写作提纲，并将要点扩展成句。开头（Introduction）：Wansheng is creating a National Civilization City. As middle school students,we should try our best to become civilized persons.正文 （Main body）: At school, we should keep our classroom clean and tidy every day. We shouldnt throw about rubbish. At home, we should help our parents do some housework. In public places, we shouldnt make much noise in public places. We mustnt cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. We can make a contribution to this event by giving out leaflets to the citizens to make then understand the importance of this event and take part in it. 结尾 （conclusion）: I am sure Yangzhou will become a National Civilization City soon. 第四步：组句成文。 根据文章内容和要求，可以适当调整以上句子的先后顺序。为了使文章连贯自然，表达准确，适当加一些表达并列、递进、因果、转折等关系的连词，然后组成文章，这时如果发现文章词数不够，可把短语变成句子，也可增添一些与表达内容有关的短语或句子。如：表达“在家”, 不用“at home”. 而用 “When we are at home.”.如果发现文章词数超过要求，可以将句子变成短语或两句并一句。第五步：计划时间，认真检查、修改。中考英语作文一般要求在20分钟内完成。因此，考试时间有限，必须合理安排。成文后必须认真检查修改。特别注意以下几点：1内容是否符合要求，要点有无遗漏或误解。2句子是否符合英语习惯，句型是否正确。3.是否有语法错误。特别是冠词、名词的复数、代词、主谓一致、时态、语态等方面。4是否有拼写错误。5书写是否有不清楚或不易辨认之处。6. 大小写和标点符号是否使用得当。7词数是否符合要求。第六步：认真誊写。注意书写清楚、规范，卷面整洁。中考20分作文，有两分卷面整洁分。下面是修改过的作文:Yangzhou is creating a National Civilization City. As middle school students, we should try our best to become civilized persons.First, when we are at school, we should keep our classroom clean and tidy. And we shouldnt throw about rubbish. Second, we should help our parents do some housework at home. Third, we shouldnt make much noise in public places. Besides, we mustnt cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. Whats more, we can give out leaflets to the citizens in order to make them understand the importance of this event and take part in it. If everyone makes a contribution to this event, Yangzhou will become a National Civilization City soon. 如果同学们在复习时就能够有意识地按照以上步骤和要求训练自己的作文，相信同学们在中考中一定能够写出高分作文甚至满分作文。常用谚语如下：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。 All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生Do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。A years plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。一模作文Dear Xin Yue, How time flies! It has been a long time since we met last time. How are you getting on? I miss you very much. You asked me how you can learn English as well as me. I thinkyou can talk with your friends in English to practise your spoken English. Besides, its useful to keep a diary in English every day so that you can improve your writing. Whats more, you can listen to English news and read some English stories if you want to make more progress. There are many interesting things in China Week during Shanghai World Expo. You can watch the lion dance, Chinese ancient clothes show. At night, there will be fireworks performance there. Do you like it? I hope you can come and enjoy it. Best wishes! Yours sincerely ChengchengDear students: This spring, most parts in the southwest of China are short of water. It is difficult for more than 20,000,000 people to drink water. The people there dont have enough clean drinking water to drink because it hasnt rained for a long time. Whats worse, a great number of wild animals and plants die because of lack of water. I am so shocked that I hope people around the world can save water and protect our environment. We should take action to prevent natural disasters. Now so many people in Yunnan and some other provinces are in trouble. I think we should try our best to help them. We can also raise money for them to help them dig more wells. In a word, lets stretch our helping hands to help those in need. Thanks for your joining. 短文填空专练Yesterday morning, Li Hua got up early and_1_breakfast he went to school._2_his way to school he saw some_3_ coming from the _4_ of a house. “There must be something on _5_,” he thought. Then he _6_ as fast as he could to get some water, after a short time, he carried a bucket桶 of _7_. Quickly he poured the water into the fire. The smoke was put_8_. To his surprise, he saw an old _9_out of the window, with a smoke in his hand. He shouted at Li Hua_10_,“ See what you are doing! You bad boy!”1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_“Dream may be more important than sleep, We all need to dream,” some scientists say. Dreams take up about one quarter of our_1_time. People have sever