状语从句编写student.doc

状语从句 1、知识图谱类型连词时间状语when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, hardly when, no sooner than, the moment, immediately等原因状语because, as, since, now that, if/ when地点状语Where, wherever条件状语if, unless, as long as, as far as, in case, supposing, on condition that, provided(that)让步状语(al)though, as, even if, however, whatever, no matter, whether or等结果状语so that, so that, such that目的状语in case, for fear that, so方式状语as, just as, as if(though)比较状语as as, than, the more the more等时间状语从句.比较while, when, as 的区别：1. Just as / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2. When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3. As the day went on, the weather got worse. 4. While she was watching TV , she was cracking seeds (磕瓜子）. As he was doing his packing(收拾行装) , some of his friends came to say good-bye to him .5. Whenever you are in trouble, you can turn to us.6. He is watching TV, while his brother is doing his homework.归纳与总结:1as, when 引导_, _的动词; while 引导_的动词。2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之_,只能用when ,不可用as 或 while。 3)表示_, 连词用as。4）while和as表示正值什么时候或是一边一边，都可以接_时态 ；5_是when的强调形式；6. _引导并列句表对比.翻译并归纳:1. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.2. We were about to start when it began to rain. 归纳: 1. 在以上的两个句型中,When表 “_”之意; 2. 其句型为_, _.翻译：(1) 他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。_ (2) 我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。 _ . 比较until和till1. She didnt arrive until 6 oclock.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.2. I slept until midnight.Wait till I call you.3. I diddnt sleep until midnight.Dont Wait until I call you.4. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 归纳与总结:1. till 用于_句型, 动词必须是_的, 引导的从句只能在主句_;until 既能用于_句型也可用于_句型,动词既可以是_的也可以是_的, until引导的从句既可以放在主句的_可可以放在_;2. 肯定与否定意义的区别: 肯定形式表示的意思是_;否定形式表达的意思是_。3. 注意肯定句和否定句中表强调的三种情况:a. 肯定句中将_从句直接放在主句的前面即可;b. 否定句中如将_在句首,主句用倒装。c. It is not until that 。使用强调句句型,主句_. . before 和after1. Before I go to the cinema, I must finish my homework. 我必须在去看电影之前做完作业。2. We had sailed for two days before we saw land. 我们航行了两天才看见陆地。3. It was not long before the Swiss rose up and drove the Austrian soldiers out of their country. 不久，瑞士人就举行起义，把奥地利人赶出了他们的家园。4. The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没来得及冲进屋子去救他的孩子，房顶就塌下来了。5. I must write it down before I forget it. 趁我还没忘记，我得把它写下来。6. Think before you leap. 三思而后行。7. . AfterWhen youve finished with it，hang it up 你用完了之后，请把它挂起来。归纳与总结:1. before的翻译较灵活，要结合汉语的习惯和语言环境，才能既忠实地表达原意，又使语句通顺流畅，现将其译法归纳如下：“在以前”，这时主句的动作发生在前，从句的动作在后“（后）才”，此时强调从句动作发生得晚或慢，主句的动作延续时间较长“就；便；快”，此时主句中的谓语动词为否定形式“未就；还没来得及就”，强调从句动作发生之前主句动作已经发生“趁着” 在某些习语中还可译成“先（然）后；先再” 。2. after从句之后常跟完成时态：.特殊的结构 1. I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家,就下起雨来了。 2. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 3. Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. 4. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.5. As soon as I got home, it began to rain.归纳与总结:1. hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan 和as soon as表示_; 2. hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用_结构.3. hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句中，句子_不倒装。4as soon as 主句与从句的时态_. 特殊用法He understood the meaning of the poem the second time he read it.He rushed out the moment he heard the noise.注意：the first time the second time, next time, last time, the moment等作为名词词组可引导时间状语从句，中间不加that.让步状语从句观察与思考：1Although its raining, they are still working in the field.2Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.3Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.4Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.5Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.6Whether you believe it or not, it is true.7No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.8Whatever you say is of no use now.归纳与总结：1当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有_，但和_可连用;2as / though引导的让步从句时必须将_。 如句首为名词_冠词或_复数；如为动词，其他_放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。3ever if, even though 意为_；4whetheror-意为_；5no matter +疑问词 =疑问词+后缀ever，但no matter _引导主语从句和宾语从句，疑问词+后缀ever都可引导。 方式状语从句 1 He speaks English almost as a native speaker does .2 In this reading-room you can read anything as everyone does here .3 He speaks English as if he were a native speaker . （表示非真实情况，是虚拟语气）4 She looked unwell as though she got a bad cold . （表示真实情况，是直陈语气）归纳与总结：1引导方式状语从句关连词：_（如同，按照）, _（似乎，仿佛）, _（似乎，仿佛）等。2as if 或as though引导的方式状语从句中，如果表示真实情况应该用_；如果表示非真实情况则应该用_。关于这一点也取决于说话人的态度、看法。 原因状语从句1. -Why did he drop out of school? 他为什么辍学？-Because he has no money. 因为他没钱。2. It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us.3. Because it was raining, we stayed at home.4. Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.5. As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.6. I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.7. He is absent today, because / for he is ill.8. Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.9. Seeing (that) he refused to help us, theres no reason that we should now help him.10. The reason why he is out is that he enjoys doing it.归纳与总结：1. 引导原因状语从句的关连词：_因为, _由于, _由于, _既然，由于, _ 既然，由于, _不是因为而是因为等。2. _表示直接而明确的原因或理由，语气最强，其引导的状语从句是全句的重心所在，既可置于主句_，也可位于主句之_，主要用来回答_；3. as语气不如because强，它引导的从句常置于主句之_，主从句表达的内容_；4. since 意为“既然”，它所表示的理由是说话者和听话者所共知的，主句是全句意思的_，只表示事情关系上的自然结果，它所引导的从句常置于主句之_；5. now that与since, as同义，其区别是_用来提出一种新的情况，从句和主句的因果关系很小，而_连接的句子因果关系比较明显；6. _连接的是并列句，不能位于句首，它所表示的是附加的理由，是推断的理由；7. 在强调句中只能用_引导从句。8. seeing (that)，considering (that)等引导的原因状语从句表示“既然”。9注意句型：The reason why is that 目的状语从句1. You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.2. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.3. I am telling you that lest you should make a mistake.4. Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better.5. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.归纳与总结：1 引导目的状语从句的引导词有：_（以便），_（以便），_（为了；以便），_（免得；唯恐），_（生怕；以免）等词引导；2. 目的状语从句的谓语常含有_。3. 在口语中_可以引导目的状语从句。 结果状语从句 1. The mountain is so high that she cant climb it up to the top .2. It is such a lovely day that everybody feels happy and gay .3. The temperature is increased so that the volume of gas becomes greater .归纳与总结：1引导结果状语从句的关连词有：_（结果，以至）_（结果，以至），_（如此以至）,_（如此以至）等。2注意下列句型：1)sucha(an)adj.单数可数名词thatclause 2)suchadj.复数可数名词thatclause 3)suchadj.不可数名词thatclause注意：如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、little等词所修饰的话，则不用 such而用so。4). soadj.adv.thatclause（so的后面跟形容词或副词）5). So+ adj aan +N + that clause翻译下列句子:1.他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。2.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。3.这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。4.他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。5.他摔了很多跤，以致于全身上下青一块，紫一块的。6.他所受教育很少，不适合做这个工作。7.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。8.他是一位好医生，大家都尊敬并爱戴他。地点状语从句1The university graduates are determined to go wherever they are needed most .2They are planting trees where there is plenty of water and sunlight .3Where there is will , there is a way .1. 归纳：常用的关连词有：_（在地方）,