湖南省沙市中学（级）高二英语新生试卷（五）牛津译林版.doc

湖南省沙市中学2013年（2012级）高二英语新生试卷（五）多项选择（每小题1分，满分10分）21. an award was presented to professor li for the great _he had made in his field of research. a. choices b. achievements c. developments d. answers22. although we have only met _, i can see you are a very remarkable girl with a clear purpose in life. a. on purpose b. by chance c. by design d. on account23. when you are in the library reading room, you are not to make a phone call as you may _the people around you. a. disturb b. inspire c. impress d. terrify24. once we have made a plan, all of us should _it whatever happens. a. refer to b. lead to c. stick to d. add to25. i was _in the middle of the call because my cellphone battery ran out. a. laid off b. cut off c. turned out d. pulled up26. as a(n) _ student of the school, bradford finished high school with honors and was admitted into harvard university. a. fortunate b. modest c. particular d. outstanding27. the meeting achieved nothing more than a short _, leaving many details to be worked out later. a. statement b. explanation c. production d. instrument28. unluckily, when i got to her office, she was just leaving, so we only _with a few words. a. exchanged b. greeted c. associated d. expanded29. nowadays senior high school students are burdened with too many expectations and have almost no time for _. a. motivation b. curiosity c. amusement d. opportunity30. willian shakespeare occupied a _position in english literature, with hardly anyone matching him. a. primitive b. original c. unique d. positive 完形填空 (每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳答案。a man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. a letter can be enjoyed, read and 31 . it can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart (远离的); it can keep a 32 with very little effort.i will give 33. a few years ago my older brother and l were not getting 34 . we had been close as 35 but had grown apart. our meetings were not 36; our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels; and every effort to clear the air seemed to only 37 our misunderstanding. then he 38 a small island in the caribbean and we 39 touch. one day he wrote me a letter. he described his island and its people, told me what he was doing, said how he felt, and encouraged me to 40. rereading the letter, i was 41 by its humor（幽默）and clever expressions. these were all qualities for which i had 42 respected my older brother but 43 he no longer had them. i had never known he could write so 44 . and with that one letter we became friends 45.it might never have occurred to 46 to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no 47. for him, writing was a necessity. it also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. because we live in an age of 48 communication（通讯）, people often 49 that they dont always have to phone or email. they have a 50 . and that is to write.31. a. received b. rewritten c. returned d. reread32. a. record b. promise c. friendship d. secret33. a. an example b. a lesson c. an experience d. a talk34. a. through b. together c. along d. away35.abrothers b. children cfellows dclassmates36. anormal b. necessary cpleasant dpossible37. adeepen b. start cexpress dsettle38. atoured b. stopped creached dmoved to39. alost b. kept in cneeded dgot in40.a. think b. write cenjoy dread41.adriven b. beaten csurprised dhonored42. anever b. seldom csometimes donce43. arealized b. judged c. thought d. expected44. awell b. often c. much d. soon45. alater b. anyhow c. too d. again46. aus b. anyone c. someone d. my brother47. amail services b. transport services c. phones d. relative48. apoor b. easy c. popular d. busy49. abelieve b. decide c. argue d. forget50.a. habit b. choice c. method d. plan阅读理解 (每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c或d）中，选出最佳选项aalbert einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. he changed scientific thinking in the modern world. he is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. whats more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.in 1933, while einstein was visiting england and the united states, the nazi government of germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. einstein then settled down in the united states. in 1939, einstein, who loved peaceafraid of a world in which only hitler would had an atomic bomb（原子弹）tried hard to persuade president franklin d. roosevelt in a famous letter to have the united states start uranium research. that germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on japan, could not have been expected. after the war, einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.although he wasnt connected with any accepted religion（宗教）, einstein felt that trust in a personal god was too special an idea to be suitable to the god at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. the universe to him was one of pure law and order. he once said, “god may know everything, but he is not hateful.”51. from the passage we know that . a. no scientist is as great as albert einstein during this century b. albert einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time c. albert einstein made the first atomic bomb for the united states of america d. albert einstein gave up his german citizenship for political reasons52. if einstein had known that hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on japan, he would . a. have continued his scientific research b. have won another nobel prize for physics c. not have advised starting uranium research in the u. s. a. d. not have moved to the u. s. a.53. einstein in 1933. a. visited england and the u. s. a. b. lost everything c. became a man without a country d. both a and c54. einstein believed that everything in the universe . a. was kept in order by its own law b. had nothing to do with each other c. happened in an irregular way d. was made by the personal godb“thats funny! these fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” dr alexander fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in london. he had been studying some germs（细菌）that he was growing on a plate. they were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. dr fleming found that a mould（霉菌）had floated in through the window landing on the plate. it had killed some of the germs it had touched.“this certainly looks promising.” fleming said. “we must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”he named the strange mould “penicillin”. it proved to be a killer of many germs. fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected（注射）with penicillin. the twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. dr fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. hardly anybody took any notice of it.in 1938 dr howard florey, an australian working in london, read dr flemings report and was very interested. he found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.when world war ii broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in england. dr florey went to america where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. it saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.55. dr alexander fleming . a. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people b. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses c. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate d. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better56. the reason why the twenty-five mice died was that . a. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin b. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment c. they were easy to die in the experiment d. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin57. in 1938, an australian working in london named howard florey read dr flemings report and . a. left england for america, making the drug b. went to america to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen c. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings d. went to america to make this drug for mice58. the word “enormous” means . a. 剩余的 b. 恰当的 c. 少许的 d. 巨大的clouis pasteur, the famous french chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”. in 1854 pasteur was made head of the department of science at the university of lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. at that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (变化过程). but during a series of experiments pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. in the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (发酵) process. pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. he also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.the heating process was so successful that it made pasteur famous. it was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows milk. the result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. this simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.59. pasteur became in 1854. a. the chairperson of the science department at the university of lille b. the director of a chemical laboratory at the university of lille c. the general manager of a large beer-making company d. the president of the university of lille60. according to the passage, lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century. a. growing grain crops b. making beer and wine c. doing chemical research d. producing various kinds of yeasts61. in the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to . a. wine and beer b. food and drinks c. the various yeasts d. other organisms62. we can infer from the passage that pasteurs discovery . a. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food produts b. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in lille c. has done a lot of good to children in the world d. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the worlddon the first day of class, mr whiteson gave us a lecture about a creature(生物) called cattytiger, a kind of cat-like animal that completely disappeared during the ice age. he passed round a skull (头骨) as he talked, and we all felt interested and took notes while listening. later, we had a test about that.when he returned my paper, i was very, very surprised. there was a very large cross through each of my answers. and so it was with everyone elses in our class. what had happened? everyone was wondering and couldnt wait to get the answer.very simple, mr whiteson explained. he had made up all that story about the cattytiger. there had never been such an animal. so why none of us noticed that and how could we expect good marks for the incorrect answers?needless to say, we got very angry. what kind of teacher was this?we should have guessed it out, mr whiteson said. after all, at the very moment he was passing around the cattytiger skull (in fact, a cats), hadnt he been telling us that it completely disappeared during the ice age? clearly he was telling a lie. but we just kept busy making notes and none used his head. we should learn something from this. teachers and textbooks are not always correct.63. we failed in the test because we didnt . a. take notes while listening b. show interest in what mr whiteson said c. listen to the teacher carefully d. think carefully64. we got angry because . a. mr whiteson didnt tell us the truth about cattytiger b. we failed in the test c. we didnt know why he played the joke on us d. there was no cattytiger65. mr whiteson gave us a special lesson . a. to show his special way of teaching b. to play a joke on us c. to help us learn our lessons better d. so that we would no longer believe him66. mr whiteson meant that . a. teachers couldnt make any mistakes b. textbooks might be wrong sometimes c. we should speak up if we thought our teacher or the textbook was wrong d. we shouldnt believe our teachers because sometimes they might tell liesethe flag, the most common symbol(象征) of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. with a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country. the national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(原始的)artifact. it is , rather, the product of thousands of years development. historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction. early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. peoples food supplies were similarly vulnerable. even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another. using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. the connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. they believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves. these flags developed very slowly into modern flags. the first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: the king of china around 1000 b. c. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. this practice might have been learned from egyptians even further in the past, but it was from china that it spread over trade routes through india, then across arab lands, and finally to europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag. 67. the best title for the passage would be a. development of the national flag b. power of the national flagc. types of flags d. uses of flags68. the underlined word vulnerable in paragraph 3 means a. impossible to make sure of b. likely to be protected c. easy to damage d. difficult to find69. the earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because. a. they could tell wind directionb. they could bring good luck to fightersc. they were handed down by the ancestorsd. they were believed to stand for natural forces70. what will the author most probably talk about next?a. the role of china in the spread of the national flag. b. the second ancestor of the national flag. c. the use of modern flags in europe. d. the importance of modern flags. 完成句子：（每小题2分， 共20分）71. the students managed _in spite of all sorts of difficulties they met with. (carry) 尽管这些学生遇到了各种各样的困难， 他们还是成功地将实验进行下去了。72. _to recognize the hero in our heart and manage to live after him or her! (important) 认识我们心目中的英雄并仿照他或她去生活是多么重要啊！73. using this farming method, farmers can now produce harvests _before on the same patch of farmland. (large) 用这种耕种方法， 农民现在在同一片农田里能生产比以前多两倍的庄稼。74. i regret _that we were unable to offer yo