湖南省湘潭市高考英语完形填空和阅读理解暑假选练（2）.doc

湖南省湘潭市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解暑假选练（2）阅读理解。for those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. an animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence. awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.now another animal has joined the club. in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences, researchers report that an asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test. “we thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said diana reiss of the wildlife conservation society, an author of the study with joshua m. plotnik and fansb. m. de waal of emory university. with their large brains，reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”the researchers tested happy. maxine and patty, three elephants at the bronx zoo. they put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.the elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.of the three, happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. she could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.diana reiss said，“we knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。1. what can mirror tests tell us about animals?a. whether they have large brains. b. whether they have selfawareness.c. whether they enjoy outdoor exercises. d. whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.答案：b。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“awareness can be tested by.”可知b项正确。2. why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?a. they are most familiar to readers.b. they are big favorites with zoo visitors.c. they are included in the study by reiss.d. they are already known to be intelligent.答案：d。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。3. what made happy different from maxine and patty?a. she used her nose to search behind the mirror.b. she recognized her own image in the mirror.c. she painted a mark on her own face.d. she found the hidden camera.答案：b。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。阅读理解。 the practice of swapping fashions has recently been attracting attention worldwide, particularly in europe and the united states. this is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by providing a platform for people to exchange free of charge those fashion items in their closets that they dont use anymore. in london, fashion swap events sponsored by the credit card company visa focus on the swapping of specific brands. japans first major fashion swap event, “xchange,” was held in september 2007 in tokyo. the xchange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.” participants put tags on each of the items they bring and write their name and a bride episode about the items.for example, a tag of a white jacket read, “this is a gift from a friend, but its just not my style.” on a tag attached to a pair of red shoes, a person wrote. “these dont fit me anymore. i hope someone who loves red can use them.” just as shoppers check price tags, some people check the episode tags before making a selection, imagining who used to wear the item. the episode tags make people aware of the human connection by exchanging goods. many participants say things like, “im very lucky to get such lovely clothes for free,” and “i was happy to see someone try on and choose what i brought here.” unwanted clothes for one person can be new and exciting for someone else. besides, xchange achieves close to a 100-percent reuse rate by donating leftover clothes to companies that reuse or recycle secondhand clothing. anything they cannot use, they then donate to developing countries or reuse them as rags. since 2007, the xchange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of japan, always attracting many participants. this success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment. 1. whats the main purpose of the fashion exchange?a. to attract peoples attention. b. to make good use of resources.c. to get rid of unwanted clothes. d. to try to avoid buying new clothes. 答案解析：答案为b。 本题为细节题。由第一段第二句话 “this is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by”可知，答案为b。2. what is special about an episode tag?a. it provides personal information of the owner. b. it is being attached by a price tag.c. it gives details of a fashion item. d. it includes brief information of the item and feelings of the owner.答案解析：答案为d。本题为词义推测题。由第二段 “the xchange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.”可知，答案为d。3. that the xchange event has achieved success is probably because _.a. it donates secondhand clothing to developing countries b. it changes peoples way of consumingc. offers an example of enjoying fashion without damaging environmentd. it shows fashion is the best policy for women 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。由最后一段 “this success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment.”可知，答案为c。4. which of the following can be the best title of the passage?a. fashion exchange concept grows in japan.b. xchange environment meets the fashion industry.c. the global rise of the fashion exchange. d. join in xchange.答案解析：答案为a。本题为主旨大意题。由第二段 “japans first major fashion swap event, xchange, was held in september 2007 in tokyo.” 可知，第一届fashion exchange2007年在日本东京举办，后文对其进行了介绍，最后一段呼应文章的中心 “since 2007, the xchange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of japan, always attracting many participants.”, 因此本文主要介绍fashion exchange在日本的盛行，尽管第一段提到fashion exchange在欧美受到了欢迎，但这仅仅是fashion exchange的影响，故最佳标题为a。阅读理解。i dont think comic book collector really applies to me at all. im probably more of a comic book appreciator. my interest has always been in what can be accomplished with the medium of visual story-telling. im not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. i do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills. “the mighty thor helped me develop an interest in old legends, and “challengers of the unknown got me crazy about science fiction. the combination of words and pictures was a perfect springboard for my childhood imagination. how does one learn to appreciate comic book art? there is a classic example that sheds quite a bit of light on the subject. writer scott macloud just explains what makes a comic book stand out in his best selling book understanding comics. the book, first published in 1994, has been translated into 13 languages and is practically a bible for students studying graphic illustration (图示说明) in novels. on the internet there are some cool comic book sites to be foundhundreds and hundreds of them as a matter of fact. more than a few are dedicated to super heroes and the like. but there are some choice sites that i would visit, because they provide some great resources that discuss the comic book as an art form. noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field. i have a huge admiration for anyone who can produce comic stories that can make readers think, laugh and cry. maybe make them dream. check it out. spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children. or better yet, search out some of the more “adult tides and read it for yourself. you may find yourself enjoying what you see and read. you may even find yourself wanting more. 1. what does the author mainly intend to talk about in paragraph 2?a. influence of comic books on reading in childhood.b. ways to improve ones reading skills.c. subjects of comic books. d. popularity of two comic books.答案解析：答案为a。本题为段落大意题。细读第二段可知 “im not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. i do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills.”为本段的中心句，后面的内容都是对此进行了解释说明，故答案为a。2. the underlined part sheds quite a bit of light on (para3) means _.a. does a basic research on b. causes a fierce debate onc. provides new information on d. makes a quick survey on 答案解析：答案为c。本题为语义推断题。结合划线部分的后面两句话可知，writer scott macloud写了一本书，被翻译成13种语言，帮助学生理解漫画。划线部分的意思与c选项最接近。故答案为c。3. if you want to know a few good writers of comic books, you will probably _.a. read understanding comics b. visit wwwrcharveycornc. buy some comic books d. turn to comic story writers 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由第四段最后一句话 “noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.”可知，答案为b。4. what does the author encourage people to do?a. develop an interest in old legends and science fiction.b. share a comic book with children.c. produce some comic stories. d. spend money and time appreciating comic books. 答案解析：答案为d。本题考查作者的态度观点。由最后一段 “check it out. spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children.”可知，答案为d。完形填空。it is universally known that friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all languages. friends are people who willingly and readily help us when we are in trouble, and show_1_for us when we are in misery. this is_2_human beings were born to need the warmth and laughter of friends. some of us like_3_friends, while others different friends. personally，i prefer both. it goes without saying that having similar friends has many_4_， we can feel a renewed sense of_5_when we have a group of old friends who would_6_our sufferings and happiness. _7_， old friends always know how to_8_mutual trust(互信)and how to avoid_9_conflicts. i always feel_10_when i meet an old friend after a long_11_. immediately, hearty laughter_12_the atmosphere. nevertheless i believe that a mixture of friends is_13_advantageous. one can_14_various sorts of friends in three aspects. first, frequent_15_with different friends broadens my world_16_. just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a_17_of friends keeps you lively. secondly , i have found that the_18_friends cannot only_19_new adventures but also show me new_20_to success in life. thirdly, they can help me with whatever difficulties i encounter in life. to conclude, i prefer to have both types of friends and as many as possible. of course, i will not forget friends wisely.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，论证“交不同的朋友比交同类朋友更有益。”开头富有特色，通过描述自己的实际生活将读者自然地引向主题。通篇立意新颖、条理清楚，结构明晰，分三点论述，每一点都有一句统领段的主题句，展开的部分都紧扣本段论点，但方式决不雷同。引用的事例自然、贴切，语言也较生动、活泼，可谓有理有据，却不枯燥乏味，读来让人兴味盎然，相信同龄人看了更是有一种强烈的认同感。1a.directionbrespectcsympathydanxiety答案：csympathy“同情；体谅”；coldness“冷淡”；cruelty“残忍， 残酷”；anxiety“忧虑， 焦急， 渴望”。 本题易误选a。 2a.becausebwhychowdwhat答案：a“this is because 从句”意为“这是因为”，“this is why 从句”意为“这就是为什么”。这两个句型中because和why引导的是表语从句。从逻辑关系上看这两个句型正好相反。前者中的“that”指代原因，后者中的“that”指代结果。this is how“那就是如何的。” 本题易误选b。 3a.truebrightcsamedsimilar答案：d根据后面的different及下文可知选similar。true“真实的， 真正的， 忠实的”；helpful“有帮助的， 有用的”；same指“同一的”、“相同的”，常于the连用。4a.problemsbadvantagescdisadvantagesdduties答案：badvantages“优势， 有利条件， 利益”；problems“问题”；disadvantages“劣势”；shortcomings“缺点，短处”。5a.tensionbchallengecstrengthdoppression 答案：cstrength本句意思是“当老朋友聚在一起时，顿感觉有力量”。tension“紧张，不安”；challenge“挑战”；oppression“压抑， 苦恼”。 本题易误选a、d。6a.sharebconveycguaranteedcause答案：ashare“分享，共享”；convey“传达，运送”；guarantee“保证， 担保”；cause“造成”。 7a.thereforebotherwisechoweverdmoreover答案：dmoreover “而且， 此外”，表示递进逻辑关系，用于句首和句中，不能用于句末。相当于besides；therefore“因此”，表示因果关系；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”，是过渡词，表示上下文意思的转折。本题易误选a。8a.lackbabandoncbeardmaintain答案：dmaintain“保持”；lack“缺乏”；abandon“放弃，遗弃”；bear“负担， 忍受”。9a.obviousbimpossiblecimpressivedhidden答案：dhidden“潜在的，隐藏的”；obvious“明显的”；impossible“不可能的”；impressive“印象深刻的， 令人难忘的”。 本题易误选a、c。10a.stressedbworrie