深圳市高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（17）.docVIP

深圳市2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（17）及答案【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（1）】bpeople who have got rhythm might have an advantage when it comes to language and reading skills. a new study shows the brains of people who can move to a musical beat react to speech on a more consistent basis than those who cant. researchers also find that musical training can sharpen the brains response to language.the researchers say their discovery provides the first biological link between the ability to keep a beat and h80w the brain responds to speech, something that can have important value for reading skills. to gather materials for their research, the team got more than 100 teenagers who lived in chicago, illinois. the teens were given two tests. first, they were instructed to listen to and tap their fingers along to the beat. the researchers calculated how accurately their young volunteers were able to tap along to the musical timekeeper. second, the teen subjects were linked to an eeg device, which measures electrical activity in the brain. the eeg device was focused on an area of the brain that not only processes sound, but is also connected to parts of the brain responsible for motor-movement. the researchers recorded the brainwaves as their teen subjects listened to the synthesized speech sound, which was repeated irregularly for half an hour. the researchers were able to find out how the nerve cells in that particular region of the brain responded every time the synthesized sound was played. across this population of adolescents, the more accurate they were at tapping along to the beat, the more consistent their brains response to the letter unit was, said nina kraus.while past studies have showed the links between reading skills and a persons ability to keep a beat, the researchers said their new findings show the hearing system is what provides a common basis for those links. rhythm is naturally a part of music and language, kraus said. 31. according to the passage, what can make our brains work faster while we are learning a language? a. reading books. b. practicing music. c. watching movies. d. making speeches. 32. what can we learn about the first biological link mentioned in paragraph 2? a. it shows how the brain works. b. it is helpful to researchers findings c. it shows how the brain reacts to speech. d. it is very important for reading ability. 33. the underlined word subjects in paragraph 2 probably means _. a. persons or things that are the main features of works of art b. areas of knowledge studied in a school, college, and so on c. things that are being discussed in a conversation or a book d. person s or animals that are studied in an experiment or a research34. it can be inferred from the last paragraph that_. a. reading skills may make language learners keep a beat b. the hearing system may be useless while a person is learning to read c. the hearing system may separate sound from meaning while a person is reading d. the hearing system may be used while a person is reading or taking musical training35. what can we conclude from this passage? a. moving to a musical beat is more popular. b. experts8ar e expanding their studies on rhythm. c. rhythm might help us improve our reading skills. d. experts find the links between the hearing system and reading.【参考答案】31-35 bdddc本文认为节奏与生俱来就是音乐和语言的一部分。人对节奏的准确掌握与大脑对语音反应时的稳定性呈正相关；而人的听力系统则为这两者的联系提供了生物基础。这一发现对于提高语言学习者的阅读技能有重要价值。31. b。细节理解题。从第一段中.musical training can sharpen the brains response to language.可知音乐训练能够使大脑对语言的反应敏锐。32. d。细节理解题。从第二段第一句中.the first biological link ., something that can have important value for reading skills.可知，保持节拍的能力和大脑对语言的反应方式之间的生物联系对于阅读能力有重要的价值。33. d。词义猜测题。从第二段中.the team got more than 100 teenagers.the teens were given two tests.first.second.可知，这100多个青少年志愿者，恰好就是在这项研究中接受测试的对象。34. d。推理判断题。从文章最后一段.the hearing system is what provides a common basis for those links.可以推断，听力系统在一个人进行阅读与音乐训练时都会用到。35. c。主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的主题句people who have got rhythm might have an advantage when it comes to language and reading skills.可知，本文主要介绍节奏或许有助于我们提高阅读技能。.（201*全国ii） since 1984, philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. one by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. so far, more than 1,800 murals（壁画）have been painted.philadelphia now has more murals than any other american city.the walls that were once ugly with graffiti（涂鸦）are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the mural arts program (map). its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. the program began as part of philadelphias anti-graffiti network. jane golden is the maps artistic director. when people ask me what ow program is about, she says, i answer them with one word: hope. each .year, the map offers youth art programs and workshops. some one-time graffiti writers even help paint map murals. the maps work, says golden, is all about developing a sense of community（社区）when a neighborhood requests a mural, the map works with the people there to develop a message. some messages have been safe streets, love and care, and peace walk.the map receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. last year, the workers painted 140 murals. the making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history says golden, who began as a muralist in los angeles.41 what can be the best title for the text? a. love, from graffiti writers to muralists b. map, a new company in philadelphia c. jane, an excellent mural artist d. hope, one wall at a time42. what is the mural arts program in philadelphia aimed at? a. helping the young find jobs. b. protecting the neighborhood. c. fighting against graffiti. d. attracting more visitors.43how does the map decide on the message for a mural? a. by having discussions with people in the community. b by seeking advice from the city government. c by learning from the young graffiti writers. d. by studying the history of the city.44. which of the following words best describes the work of the map? a. difficult. bdangerous. c. experimentald. successful.【答案】dcad 维a1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：the modern british empire first took shape in the early 17th century，with the british settlement of the eastern colonies of north america，which would later become the original united states，as well as canadas maritime provinces，and the colonizations of the smaller islands of the caribbean such as trinidad and tobago，the bahamas，barbados，and jamaica.these sugar plantation islands，where slavery became the basis of the economy，were at first britains most important and successful colonies.the american colonies providing tobacco，cotton，and rice in the south and naval material and furs in the north were less financially successful，but had large areas of good agricultural land and attracted far larger numbers of british immigrants.britains american empire was slowly expanded by war and colonization.the ever growing american colonies pressed westward in search of new agricultural lands.conflict arose with the dutch over trade and empire; first anglodutch war (16521654); second anglodutch war (16651667); third anglodutch war (16721674); britain gained control of new amsterdam，which was renamed new york，but ceded suriname.they defeated the french，first expanding their hold over the maritime provinces.then during the seven years war the british defeated the french at the plains of abraham and captured all of new france in 1760.this gave britain control over almost all of north america.fourth anglodutch war (17801784); anglodutch treaty of 1814；anglodutch treaty of 1824. in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century a series of technological advances led to the industrial revolution.britains position as the worlds preeminent trader helped fund research and experimentation.the nation was also gifted by some of the worlds greatest reserves of coal，the main fuel of the new revolution.notes：naval adj.海的cede vt.放弃treaty n条约preeminent adj.卓越的；优秀的长短句分析：the american colonies providing tobacco，cotton，and rice in the south and naval material and furs in the north were less financially successful，but had large areas of good agricultural land and attracted far larger numbers of british immigrants.句法点睛：本句中，“providing tobacco，cotton，and rice in the south and naval material and furs in the north”为定语，修饰colonies；but连接两个谓语。句意：美洲的殖民地，南方提供了烟草、棉花、水稻，北方提供了海产品和皮毛，这从经济上不是很成功，但是肥沃的农业用地吸引了大量的英国移民。【语篇解读】 现代大不列颠帝国的雏形开始于17世纪，当时英国占领了现在美国、加拿大临海的一些省份以及北美一些岛屿国家的地方。英国进行了残酷的殖民统治，从当地人手中夺取了大量的土地。南方为英国人提供烟草、棉花和水稻，而北方则提供大量的优质农业用地。经过多年的战争，英国人从法国人手中夺取了土地，并与当地人签署协议，成为合法的土地使用者。这里的煤炭为18世纪晚期和19世纪早期的工业革命提供了能源保证。1where did the british first settle when they first came to america in the 17th century?aonly the united states.bnot only the united states but also parts of other countries.cthe whole of canada.dsmall islands.答案b细节理解题。由“the original united states，as well as canadas maritime provinces，and the colonizations of the smaller islands of the caribbean such as trinidad and tobago，the bahamas，barbados，and jamaica”可知，当时英国占领的不仅仅是美国，还占领了加拿大的临海省份，以及一些岛屿国家。2according to the passage what in america made the british interested most?atobacco，cotton，and rice.bnaval material and furs.ca great deal of good farmland.dforests.答案c联系第二段中的“naval material and furs in the north were less financially successful，but had large areas of good agricultural land and attracted far larger numbers of british immigrants”可知，英国移民看上的不是海产品和皮毛，而是大量的肥沃土地。3what does the underlined word “pressed” mean in the third paragraph?atouched. bpushed. cpublished. dextended.答案d词义猜测题。联系“westward in search of new agricultural lands”可知，这些殖民者向西扩张以寻求更多的土地，因此d项最合适。4how many years was it from the first war with anglo to the end of the last war in history?a132 years. b162 years. c172 years. d108 years.答案a推理判断题。第一次战争开始于1652年，而最后一次战争结束于1784年，因此得出答案a。 科普知识型阅读理解(一)-(一)its a common belief that over time, pet owners start to look like their animals, and vice versa. now comes the terrifying news that cats look up to their owners as role models and copy their behaviour.next time you reach for your fridge, think twice. if your kitty is watching, she is likely to overeat as well.what is your cats iq?in a new study from the university of messina, it turns out that indoor cats who live closely to their owners “mirror” the lives of their caregivers. they sleep at the same time, eat at the same time, and can even become more or less social depending on the behaviour of their owners.“cats are intelligent animals with a long memory, ”jane brunt, the executive director of the catalyst council, told discovery news. “they watch and learn from us, noting the patterns of our actions, knowing where their food is kept and what time to expect to be fed, how to open the cupboard door thats been improperly closed, and where their feeding and toileting areas are.”because cats copy our habits, if you spend a lot of time raiding(搜刮)the fridge, your cat will return to its food bowl for that midnight snack, too. according to the study, this explains why “human and cat overweight rates often seem to match”so, if you feel guilty about leaving your precious kitty at home while you go to work, now you can feel even worse：you are making your cat fat!theres no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to yoga will benefit your cat, but based on the study, it sounds like sticking to a healthy eating and sleeping schedule is best for both of you.theres a lot we can learn from our cats in return. “when they sit on our laps softly purring with rhythmic breathing and halfclosed eyes, the sense of peace and calm that comes over us is like a private lesson in inner meditation，”brunt said. sure. but cats dont have to sit in rush hour traffic for an hour a day or worry about the