外研社高二英语动词的时态语态精讲教案.pdf

高二英语动词的时态语态专项练习外研社 本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 动词的时态语态专项练习 二 重难点讲解 动词的时态和语态 在接下来的时间里将给大家介绍一下动词的时态和语态 到目前为止大家应该知道 动词共有 16 种时态和两种语态 在时态方面 考题中主要涉及到其中的 10 种 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 将来进行时 将来完成 时 现在完成进行时 1 一般现在时 通常有六种用法 其中最重要的考点是 在时间或条件状语从句中表示 将来的动作 安排或计划好的将来发生的动作 如 1 The train for Shanghai leaves at 11a m and arrives at 11p m 2 As soon as the manager comes back I will tell him about it 2 一般过去时 关于该时态最主要请大家掌握它的概念 一个开始于过去结束于过去的 动作 或存在的状态 记住这一点很重要 需要与现在完成时区分 如 The other day she ran across an old friend in the street 3 一般将来时 除了用 will 动词原形表示该时态外 还有 1 Be going to do sth She is going to go abroad next year 2 Be about to do sth Please fasten your safety belt for the plane is about to take off 3 Be to do sth There is to be a class meeting this afternoon 4 现在进行时 除了众所周知的表正在进行动作外 还有如下特殊用法 预计一个将要发生的动作 常与某些副词连用 表示某种感情色彩 如赞叹 惊讶或不 满 如 1 How many of you are going to the party tonight 2 The teacher is always criticizing us 5 现在完成时 这应该是五个基本时态中最令大家迷惑的一个 该时态分为已完成和未 完成两种 常见的标志性的词有 since for already so far up to now in the last few years in the past three months etc 如 1 He has lived here since he got married 2 In the past two decades research has expanded our knowledge about sleep and dreams 3 In the last ten years great changes have taken place in China 6 过去将来时 只有一个考点 用于主句的谓语动词是过去时态的间接引语中 遵循时 态呼应原则 如 she said she would pay us a visit when she had enough time 7 过去进行时 表示在过去的某个时刻发生的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作 如 1 At nine o clock last night I was counting the stars in the sky 2 When the girl came in the two dogs were fighting for a bone 3 While I was preparing for the exam the power was cut off 8 过去完成时 别名 过去的过去 考题中对该时态的使用有要求 只有当句中有一个 动作是过去时 才有可能用过去完成 如 1 The film had almost finished when I got to the cinema 2 By the time he was ten he had built himself a chemistry lab 9 将来完成时 该时态只有一个考点 请大家注意与过去完成的区别 如 By the time he is ten he will have built himself a chemistry lab 10 现在完成进行时 表示现在以前一直发生的动作 强调动作在进行过程中的不间断 常有背景句作为铺垫 如 You are all wet Yes I have been playing basketball all the morning 语态 主要考察被动语态的用法 基本公式 主语 be 动词的过去分词 还有一个要点大家需记住 只有及物动词才有被动语态 除了大家熟悉的基本用法外 被动语态还有一些特殊用法 比如用主动的形式表达被动 的概念 顾名思义 看起来是主动 实则为被动 下面 我们将英文中常见的主动形式表被动含义的情况总结一下 1 动词 read sell last wash write lock 等带状语 如 well easily 时 e g This kind of cloth washes easily 这种布好洗 The meeting lasted three hours 会议持续了三个小时 My new pen writes well 我的新钢笔好写 2 感官动词 feel look smell sound taste prove 等与形容词连用时 e g You look very well today Your bedroom smelt so terrible My words proved right 3 begin end stop open close 等表示开 关 结束的含义时 及 break out take place happen 等动词表示爆发 发生概念时 e g The library opens at ten Class begins at half past eight An earthquake took place in Tang Shan in 1976 4 某些做表语的形容词后 用不定式的主动形式 e g The question is easy to answer His clothes are hard to wash The fish is not fit to eat He has an important meeting to attend 典型例题 1 I can guess you were in a hurry You your sweater inside out A had worn B wore C were wearing D are wearing 2 We that you would fix the TV set this week I m sorry I to but I ve been too busy A had expected had intended B are expecting had intended C expect intend D expected intend 3 He will stop showing off if no notice of him A is taken B will be taken C takes D has taken 4 It is said that another new car factory now Yeah It one and a half years A is building takes B is being built will take C is built will take D is being built takes 5 I m sorry but I shouldn t have been so rude to you You your temper but that s OK A have lost B had lost C did lose D were losing 6 Why Tom your shirt is so dirty Mum I my storeroom downstairs A cleaned B have worked C was cleaning D have been cleaning 7 They won t buy new clothes because they money to buy a color TV set A save B are saving C has saved D were saving 8 Good heavens There you are We anxious about you and we you back throughout the night A are expect B were had expected C have been were expecting D are were expecting 9 I ve finally finished my paper and it me an entire month A takes B took C was taken D had taken 10 The traffic in our city is already good and it even better A gets B got C has got D is getting 11 Has Jack finished his homework yet I have no idea he it this morning A was doing B had been doing C has done D did 12 I will come to attend your lecture at 10 00 tomorrow I m sorry by then my lecture will have ended and I my guests in my office A is being met B will meet C will be meeting D will have met 13 Alice came back home the day before yesterday Really Where A has she been B had she been C has she gone D had she gone 14 John and I friends for eight years We first got to know each other at a Christmas party But we each other a couple of times before that A had been have met B have been have met C had been had met D have been had met 15 I ping pong quite well but I haven t had time to play since the new year A will play B have played C played D play 16 I ve won a holiday for two to Florida I my mum A take B am taking C have taken D will have taken 17 You haven t said a word about my new coat Brenda Do you like it I m sorry I anything about it sooner I certainly think it s pretty on you A wasn t saying B don t say C won t say D didn t say 18 Where I got stuck in the heavy traffic I here earlier A did you go had arrived B have you been would have been C were you would come D are you was 19 I know Mr Brown we to each other at an international conference A are introduced B have been introduced C were introduced D had been introduced 20 Where do you think he the computer Sorry I have no idea A has bought B bought C did buy D had bought 21 I to a party but I ve got nothing to wear Why don t you have a dress made for the party A was asked B will ask C have asked D have been asked 22 I didn t like Aunt Lucy who without warning and bringing us presents A always turned up B has always turned up C was always turning up D was always turned up 23 What do you think of this kind of TV set which in Shanghai Well I don t care such things A was made B is made C has been made D had been made 24 Tom did Mr Li join you in your discussion No he but he happened to have fallen ill A would like to B will C was to have D was going to join 25 Did he notice you enter the room I don t think so He to the radio with his eyes shut A listened B was listening C has listened D had listened 26 The plane at 7 00 p m so I have to be at the airport by 6 40 at the latest A has left B is to leave C will have left D leaves 27 The train at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o clock tonight A went B is going C goes D will be going 28 Look at this I some magazines and this letter A was looking through found B am looking through find C looked through had found D had looked through finding 29 you the editor at the airport No he away before my arrival A Have met has driven B Had met was driven C Did meet had been driven D Have met had driven 30 Can you give me the right answer Sorry I Would you repeat that question A hadn t listened B haven t listened C don t listen D wasn t listening 答案 1 D can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的 故用现在进行时 2 A expect intend want wish hope plan 等动词的过去完成式可表示过去未曾实现的想 法 愿望 打算等 3 A 如主句用将来时 在时间 条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来 又因 if 从句是 take notice of 的被动语态结构 故选 A 4 B 根据主语与 build 之间的被动关系和 now 可知要选现在进行时的被动语态 因工 厂正在修建 花费一年半应指将来 5 C shouldn t have done 表示 过去本不应 You did lose your temper 是 You lost your temper 的强调形式 6 D 现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直在进行的动作 7 B 句意为 他们 现在 不愿买新衣服 因为他们在攒钱买电视 由此可见 攒钱是 现阶段正在进行的动作 8 C 担心是从过去某时到说话时为止一直在进行的动作 用现在完成时 expect 是在过 去某一段时间里 整个晚上 正在进行的动作 故用过去进行时 9 B 论文已完成 花费一个月时间应指过去 某事花费某人多少时间用 sth takes sb some time 结构 10 D 交通现在已经好了 在此基础上正在变得更好 11 A 题干没有构成 过去的过去 不可选 B 如选 C D 则表示动作已完成 与 have no idea 相矛盾 过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作 不涉及结果 正好 附合题干语境 12 C by then 是指将来的时间状语 排除 A 再由句意可知 meet 指的是到了十点钟时 将正在进行的动作 13 B 问句问的是前天回来之前去了哪儿 故用过去完成时 注意 had gone 表示人未回 来 与第一句相矛盾 14 D for 时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态 用现在完成时 meet 发生在 got to know 这一过去动作之前 用过去完成时 15 D 用一般现在时表示现在的特征或状态 16 B come go leave arrive take 等动词常用进行时表砂将来 17 D 表示过去没有做某事应用去时 又因句子没有 过去正在进行 之意 帮排除 A 18 B 问对方 去了哪里 指的是从过去某时到现在为止的动作 用现在完成时 第二 个空格是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和主句 条件状语从句 If I hadn t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略 19 C 在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去 20 B 此句为复杂特殊疑问句结构 即 疑问词 do you think believe suppose expect imagine say consider guess 等 其它 陈述语序 21 D 由 but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容 可知应选现在完成时的被动语态 22 C always often constantly forever all the time 等副词与现在 过去 进行时连用 表 示某种反复发生的动作 往往带有厌恶 不满 责备或赞扬等意味 23 B 这种电视产于上海是客观事实 故用一般现在时 24 C C 项是 was to have joined us in our discussion 的省略形式 was were to have done 表示原来计划 安排要做的事 而实际上并没有做 25 B 当时他在听收音机 26 D 表示按时刻表或日程安排要发生的事 应用一般现在时 27 D 从句用的是一般现在时 故主句要用将来时 将来进行时表示在将来某一时刻或 某段时间内正在进行的动作 28 A Look at this 说明东西已找到 紧接着说是怎样找到的 29 C 根据答语 问句中的 meet 是过去发生的动作 可排除 A D 但不能选 B 因为 没有构成 过去的过去 答语中用过去完成时的被动语态表示在我到达 过去动作 之前 他已被人用车接走 30 D 没听 发生在对方 过去 问问题时 故用过去进行时 模拟试题 31 I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I coffee A prefer B preferred C have preferred D am preferring 32 Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer No it for four days when we arrived so the roads were very muddy A was raining B had been raining C would be raining D rained 33 The vegetables didn t taste very good They too long A had been cooked B were cooked C had cooked D cooked 34 Remember the first time we met Jim Of course I do You in the library A were reading B had read C have read D read 35 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well A have told washes B have been told washes C was told washed D have been told is washed 36 What were you up to when your parents came in I for a while and some reading A was playing was going to do B played did C had played was going to do D had played did 37 Sorry I forget to post the letter for you Never mind it myself tonight A I m going to post B I ve decided to post C I ll post D I d rather post 38 I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs but A I m not invited B I was not invited C I have not been invited D I had not been invited 39 Is Tom still smoking No By next Saturday he for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette A will go B will have gone C will have been D has been going 40 All but one take part in the conference tomorrow A is going to that is to take place B are going to that is about to take place C are going to that is to be taken place D are going to which is to be held 41 Are you a visitor here That s right I round the world and now my dream of coming to China true A have traveled has come B was traveling had been come C am traveling has come D have traveled has been come 42 Betty this morning Not yet but she is sure to be here before noon A Have you seen B Will you see C Do you see D Did you see 43 Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday Never him talk so much A I heard B did I hear C I had heard D had I heard 44 The children very quiet I wonder what they up to A were are being B are being are C are do D are being do 45 Look at the black clouds It soon Sure If only we out A is raining didn t come B is to rain won t start C will rain haven t started D is going to rain hadn t come 46 He articles for our wall newspaper these three years and he about forty articles A has been writing has written B has been writing wrote C is writing has been writing D has written has written 47 She to the office than she got down to writing the report A has no sooner got B had hardly got C no sooner got D had no sooner got 48 When he was alive the old scientist used to say that knowledge from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work A was coming B had come C comes D would come 49 In this experiment they are woken up several times during the night and asked to report what they A had just been dreaming B are just dreaming C have just been dreaming D had just dreamt 50 What s the matter The shoes don t fi