湖南省常宁市高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习（一）.docVIP

湖南常宁市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（一）【2014新课标全国卷 】阅读理解bthe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.she is quiet but alert (警觉)twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.she stares at it carefully.a researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.as the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus until a third, with three black spots, is presented.her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? the same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.perhaps it is just the newness? when slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb, a key, an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? no again.babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.the effect even crosses between senses.babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.【试题分析】本文主要介绍了研究人员通过卡片或者击鼓等途径来检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感程度。结果表明，当婴儿发现数字比较多的时候，就会更加关注或变得更加兴奋。1. the experiment described in paragraph 1 is related to the babys_asense of hearing. bsense of sight.csense of touch. dsense of smell.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“she stares at it carefully.”可知，婴儿目不转睛地盯着看，故研究人员的研究与婴儿的视觉有关。答案：b2. babies are sensitive to the change in_athe size of cards.bthe colour of pictures.cthe shape of patterns.dthe number of objects.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“as the cards change from one to the other，her gaze starts to lose its focusuntil a third，with three black spots，is presented.”可知，随着卡片上黑点的变化，婴儿的视线也发生了变化，表明婴儿对于数字的变化比较敏感。答案：d3. why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?ato reduce the difficulty of the experiment.bto see how babies recognize sounds.cto carry their experiment further.dto keep the babies interest.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the effect even crosses between senses.babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two.”可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，发现婴儿的听觉对数字变化也同样敏感，其目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数字的敏感程度，故选c项。答案：c4. where does this text probably come from?ascience fiction. bchildrens literature.can advertisement. da science report.解析：推理判断题。通读全文，并结合多次提到的experiments和researchers等词可推断，研究人员做了一个检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感度的实验，故可推断本文为一篇科学报道。a项“科幻小说”、b项“儿童文学”和c项“广告”均与本文内容不符。答案：d写人记事（阅读理解）when frida kahlos paintings were on show in london,a poet described her paintings as “a ribbon (丝带)around a bomb”.such comments seem to suggest kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.sadly,she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.born in 1907 in a village near mexico city,kahlo suffered from polio (小儿麻痹症)at the age of seven.her spine (脊柱)became bent as she grew older.then,in 1925,her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.throughout the rest of her life,the artist had many operations,but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.however,the accident had an unexpected side effect.while lying in her bed recovering,kahlo taught herself to paint.in 1929,she got married to diego rivera,another famous mexican artist.riveras strong influence on kahlos style can be seen in her early works,but her later works from the 1940s,known today as her best works,show less influence from her husband.unfortunately,her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s,even in her home country.her first one-woman show in mexico was not held until 1953.for more than a decade after her death in 1954,kahlos works remained largely unnoticed by the world,but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.1.what does the phrase “a much bigger name” in paragraph 1 most nearly mean?()a.a far better artistb.a far more gifted artist c.a much stronger persond.a much more famous person2.the terrible pain kahlo suffered was caused by .a.poliob.her bent spinec.back injuriesd.the operations she had3.kahlos style had become increasingly independent since the .a.1930sb.1940sc.1950sd.1970s4.what is the authors attitude toward kahlo?()a.devotion.b.sympathy.c.worry.d.encouragement.语篇解读:本文为记叙文,题材是人物故事类。frida kahlo出生于1907年,7岁患小儿麻痹症,之后又遭遇了车祸,在病榻上自学绘画。然而,她的作品在她早年生活的那个时代却没有引起足够的重视,但最终在20世纪70年代逐步获得了国际赞誉。答案及剖析:1.d猜测词义题。通读全文可知,frida kahlo现在比当时出名;又根据name可知d项正确。a:一个更好的艺术家;b:一个更有天赋的艺术家;c:一个更强壮的人。2.c推理判断题。根据第二段可知,frida kahlo在车祸中脊柱断了几处,并为此进行了多次手术,但都无法治愈她的背痛。而背痛的罪魁祸首是那次车祸导致的背部伤害,故选c。a、b两项均未提及与背痛有关的内容。3.b事实细节题。根据第三段中.but her later works from the 1940s.show less influence from her husband.可知b项正确。4.b推理判断题。本文描述了frida kahlo“从小患病,之后出车祸,作品在早期未受到足够的重视”等一系列故事,从中可以体会到作者始终很同情frida kahlo。a:忠诚;c:担忧;d:鼓舞。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省揭阳市二模】 i usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.while any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. still, 1 was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. in fact, the analysis showed, normal children between 9 and 17 have a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago. why are americas kids so stressed? the report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation (孤独) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope. at the top of the list,nurturing (培育) is a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. no child is an island. strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. to help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on tvs and computers. your family will thank you later.they will then have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep. limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. its not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. keep your expectations for your children reasonable. many highly successful people never attended harvard or yale. make exercise part of your daily routine. it will help you deal with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,but it doesnt have to ruin your life.31.what does the author thinks of the conclusion that people in america are unhappier than 50 years ago?a. surprisingb. confusingc. illogicald. questionable【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据surprising令人吃惊的；confusing令人困惑的；illogical不合唱里的；questionable可疑的。i usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.作者对于调查结果持怀疑的态度，故选d。32.what does the author mean by saying “ we cant turn the clock back(para. 3)?a. its impossible to slow down the pace of the change.b. the social reality children are facing cannot be changed.c. lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.d. its impossible to forget the past.【答案】b【解析】句意理解题。根据adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope.孩子们面临的社会不能被改变，故选b。33. according to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children 50 years ago _.a. were less isolated physicallyb. were probably less self-centeredc. probably suffered less from anxietyd. were considered less individualistic【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s今天的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，故选c。34.what is the first and most important thing parents should do to help their children?a. to provide them with a safer environment.b. to lower their expectations for them.c. to get them more involved socially. d. to set a good model for them to follow.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.父母应该让孩子多参加社会活动，故选c。35.what conclusion can be drawn from the passage?a. anxiety, though always unavoidable, can be coped with.b. childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated(夸大).c. childrens anxiety can be removed with more parental care.d. anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,在父母的关怀下孩子们的焦虑是可以消除的，故选c。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省揭阳市二模】 the television news feature about ben heckmann, an eighth grader from farmington, minn, was breathless in its praise. “at 14, he has accomplished something many adults cant achieve,” the reporter said, “ben is a twice-published author.” but bens two “velvet black” books, describing a fictional rock band, were not picked from a pile of manuscripts（手稿）by an eagle eyed publisher. they were self-published, at the cost of $400 by bens parents.over the past five years, print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.”the mothers and fathers who foot the bill say they are simply trying to encourage their children, in the same way that other parents buy equipment for a promising baseball player. but others see self-publishing as a lost opportunity to teach children about hardship and perseverance. mr. robbins, a critic, thinks it is wonderful to start writing at a young age, but worries self-publishing sends the wrong message. “there are no prodigies(神童) in literature,” he said. “literature requires experience, in a way that mathematics and music do not.” alan rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better. bens father, ken, said bens ambitions “werent to knock harry potter off the list,” but “to get that good feeling inside that youve done something.”ajla dizdarevic, 12, who has self-published two books of poetry, has been on television and in local newspapers. “being a published author,” she said, “was always a dream of mine.” her new dream: three books by age 15.36. which of the following is true of ben?a. he has achieved something unusual for his age.b. his self-published books were well received.c. his manuscripts were favored by the publisher.d. he was thought little of by the public media.【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。根据细节理解题。根据at 14, he has accomplished something many adults cant achieve, 14岁时,他已经完成了一些许多成年人不能实现,的目标，故选a。37. what makes it possible for writers of all ages to self-publish their works?a. the rapid increase of online readership.b. the increasing number of publishers.c. the immediate access to marketing agencies.d. the development of printing and publishing.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspir