湖北省黄冈市高考英语阅读理解及信息匹配选练（4）.docVIP

湖北省黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解及信息匹配选练（4）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesnt mean that we let them rule our lives forever. one day or the other, youll have to stand up and say problem, i dont want you in my life. 36 problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children the list goes on. apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. these keep adding to our problems. problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.but good news is that all problems can be dealt with. now read on to know how to solve your problems.talk, it really helps. what most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. 37 talking helps you move on and let go.write your problems. 38 when you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. you can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. by doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.dont lose faith and hope. no matter what you lose in life, dont lose faith and hope. even if you lose all your money, family you should still have faith. 39 your problems arent the worst. no matter what problem you get in life, therere another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. 40 your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.a. but the truth is that when you talk about it, youre setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you. b. when we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it?c. tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why cant i?d. of course, weve been fighting troubles ever since we were born.e. we can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.f. having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you dont want a real person to talk with.g. with faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.【参考答案】七选五3640 dafgc【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】下面文章中有5处（第6165题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（a、b、c、d、e和f）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。a. raise children with multiple (多种的) languagesb. adults prefer basic grammar pointsc. children learn languages fasterd. learn two languages at the same timee. learn a language as an adultf. learn your native languagelanguage learning for young childrenif youve ever tried to learn a second language as an adult, you probably know that it isnt easy. you have to study hard. cards, papers, hours of listening and speaking practice are a minimum (最低限度) for adult language learners. for children, however, learning a language, is much easier.61. _do you remember the process of learning your native language? as a baby, you began to learn your native language before you began to form long-term memories. you first began to understand the spoken language. after that, you started repeating what you heard and making sounds that still had no meaning. soon you learned to pronounce words in your native language. as time went by, you learned more words and began to speak with correct grammar. all this happened to you without thinking.62. _if you have ever taken language classes as an adult, you are probably well aware that language learning becomes much more difficult as you age. adults rarely pick up a language without thinking. you have to study hard to learn grammar rules and practice your pronunciation and listening skills as much as you possibly can. many adults desire to be able to learn a language as easily as children can, but, unfortunately, the days of easy language learning are over for most of them.63. _why is language learning so much easier for children than it is for adults? it turns out that this question still doesnt have a clear scientific answer. when it comes to human behavior, language is one of the most strange aspects of our lives. its clear that there is a period during childhood that is good for learning languages, and that it becomes more difficult afterwards. the areas of the brain that rule language learning become much less active as we age. what is understood is that children learn not only their native language but also foreign languages much faster than adults.64. _children who grow up in an environment where multiple languages are spoken can easily pick up different languages, sometimes even without realizing that they are different languages. for example, children whose parents speak two different languages will learn to speak to mom in one way and to dad in a different way, but they do not understand these are two different languages. according to a study, these children will learn both languages easily and wont even have a preference for one or the other.65. _so whats the suggestion for parenting? if you want your children to speak more than one language, no advice is more important than this start early! the earlier children start learning a second or foreign language, the easier it will be for them to learn that language. sending small children to bilingual (双语) schools is one way to put them on the path towards being successful people who speak multiple languages. but remember, no matter how early children start learning a language, they can lose their language ability if they dont continue to use and practice the language as they grow. language is like anything else if you dont use it, you lose it!【参考答案】：61. f 62. e 63. c 64. d 65. a阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。plants cant communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. a flowers sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees. plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. a tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. in response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs awayor even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies. now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. the“e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when theyre attacked. scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. but today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. this is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants. the research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software. to test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. these plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). the e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, peper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. it could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. but even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damageby insects or with a hole punchhad been done to the tomato leaves. with some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. a device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says natalia dudareva, a biochemist at purdue university in west lafayette, ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future. 1. we learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by.a. making some soundsb. waving their leavesc. producing some chemicals d. sending out electronic signals2. what did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked? a. they presented it with all common crops.b. they fixed 13 sensors inside the device.c. they collected different damaged leaves.d. they made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.3. according to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can.a. pick out ripe fruits b. spot the insects quicklyc. distinguish different damages to the leaves d. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves4. we can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose.a. is unable to tell the smell of flowers b. is not yet used in greenhousesc. is designed by scientists at purdue d. is helpful in killing harmful insects【参考答案】14、cdcb阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。as the railroads and the highways shaped the american west in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the west, for better or worse. much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. the same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.the 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. in much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. with the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west. this is not an argument against building them. we need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.so tradeoffs will have to be made. some scenic sports will be sacrificed. some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.the lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter. the 21st century development of the american west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. there are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.the money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institution that control it will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. so lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west.本文是一篇说明文。19世纪，美国政府拨款修建铁路和公路，这既带来了好处，也带来了一些不利。现在21世纪，一种新型的电力系统会给美国带来好处还是坏处，这是值得考虑的一个问题。在建这种新型的电力系统时，我们要记住铁路和公路的影响。1what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?a. small towns along the railways became abandoned.b. some railroad stops remained underused.c. land in the west was hard to manage.d. land grants went into private hands.答案：c。细节理解题。根据第二段的“.and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.”可知，建铁路导致的问题是“土地所有权给土地管理带来了挑战”。a项是修建公路的影响；b项说一些铁路站一直未被充分利用，是错误的；d项原文未说。2what is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?a. the transmission of power. b. the use of money and power.c. the conservation of solar energy. d. the selection of an ideal place. 答案：b。推理判断题。细读最后两段可知，对于可替代能源的发展主要的担忧是钱和力，钱和力可能带来一些好处，有可能被浪费掉，并且带来一些其他的问题。3what is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?a. cautious. b. approving. c. doubtful. d. disapproving.答案：a。推理判断题。根据全文以及文章的最后一句话“so lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highroads as we construct these new power plants in the west.”可知，对正在建立新的电力系统是比较谨慎的。4which is the best title for the passage?a. how the railways have affected the westb. how solar energy could reshape the westc. how the effects of power plants can be reducedd. how the problems of the highways have been settled答案：b。主旨大意题。文章借助于铁路和公路对美国的影响，要说明的是太阳能这种新的电力系统对美国西部地区会有什么的影响。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。as a solo artist, brightman has sold 26 million albums and two million dvds in 34 countries. her musical styles put opera, pop and jazz together. she is popular in the states but not here(britain) the image of her and her second husband, andrew lloyd webber (he much older, she his muse) seems for ever frozen. the 47-year-old singer talks about the new album symphony that came out of a “very dark time”, including her decision to give up trying to have children. “people have suggested i could adopt,” brightman says. “but work is central to my life now. and so i am going to put it to one side. after a while not having children becomes the norm and perhaps that might sound alarming, to parents especially, but i have never known anything different. im not hurt by not having children. my life and career are incredibly rich.” talking about growing up in a large family in berkhamsted (father a property developer who later committed suicide), she says: “i was gifted as a child, and very musical. i seemed to be good at anything to do with the arts. at 5 i understood the music i was dancing to and had an eye for costume.” she first appeared in a west end musical at 11 and hated boarding school. brightman led the saucy dance troupe（辣妹三人舞） hot gossip and had her first hit with i lost my heart to a starship trooper in 1978. at 18 she married a music manager called andrew graham stewart. “i was probably in love but i cant remember. girls change such a lot between 18 and 22. it didnt really work out.” in 1981 she was spotted by lloyd webber. she became his leading lady in song and dance, requiem and phantom of the opera. they married in 1984. brightman says she felt hostility(敌意) “from the beginning. i havent tried to understand it. ive done very well everywhere else, especially the us, where i now live, i just accept it for what it is. the more you are away from britain, the more you appreciate it. but i dont miss it, although i miss my family. our profession can be uncomfortable but i enjoy what i do. i get on with it.” 1. the first paragraph tells us that _. a. brightman is very popular around the world except in americab. brightmans musical style is a mixture of opera, pop and jazz c. the british people dont like her for her style of music d. brightman is much older than andrew lloyd webber2. brightman decided to give up having children because _. a. she could adopt one b. her life and career were unbelievably rich without childrenc. she felt it normal not to have children d. she was too busy 3. the following statements are true except _. a. brightman first appeared in a west end musical at 5 b. brightman disliked life on the campus c. brightman was very gifted when she was young d.the saucy dance troupe made brightman famous4. the underlined word in the fourth paragraph probably means _.a. located b. admired c. followed d. found5. what does the author try to say in the last paragraph by quoting brightmans words? a. brightman has to accept the fact that she is not liked in britain b. brightman lives in america but she loves her own country c. the british coldness towards brightman led to her hatred to her homelandd. brightman was at a loss why she was not welcome in britain 【参考答案】bcada阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。i am a german by birth and descent. my name is schmidt. but by education i am quite as much an englishman as a deutscher, and by affection much more the former. my life has been spent pretty equally between the two countries, and i flatter myself i speak both languages without any foreign accent. i count england my headquarters now: it is “home” to me. but a few years ago i was resident in germany, only going over to london now and then on business. i will not mention the town where i lived. it is unnecessary to do so, and in the peculiar experience i am about to relate i think real names of people and places are just as well, or better avoided. i was connected with a large and important firm of engineers. i had been bred up to the profession, and was credited with a certain amount of “talent”; and i was consideredand, with all modesty, i think i deserved the opinionsteady and reliable, so that i had already attained a fair position in the house, and was looked upon as a “rising man”. but i was still young, and not quite so wise as i thought myself. i came close once to making a great mess of a certain affair. it is this story which i am going to tell. our house went in largely for patentsrather too largely, some thought. but the head partners son was a bit of a genius in his way, and his father was growing old, and let herr wilhelm - moritz we will call the family namedo pretty much as he chose. and on the whole herr wilhelm did well. he was cautious, and he had the be