翻译硕士英语7

Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar 1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people_. A. do B. hear C. do them D. hearing it 2. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _ left u untreated. A. after B. if C. since D.unless 3. The central provinces have floods in some years and _. A. drought in others B. droughts are others C. while other droughts D. others in drought 4. Do help yourself to some fruit,_ you? A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont 5. There_ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 6. My mother cant get _ because she has rheumatism (风湿病). A. about B.on C. through D. in 7. I was very much put _ by Marks rude behavior; it really annoy ed me. A.over B.off C.up D.by 8. You _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. A. neednt have told B. neednt tell C. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell 9. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ q uite such a crowd of people there. A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. w ouldnt be 10. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _ quality control can be substantially reduced. A.whose B.as C.what D.that 11. _ at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy. A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look 12. Many people are _ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital. A. insensitive B. allergic C. sensible D. infected 13. When youre driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right _. A.way B.track C.road D.lane 14. The motorist had to _to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road A. swerve B. twist C. depart D. swing 15. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from _ on icy roads. A. skating B. skidding C. sliding D. slipping 16. This project would _ a huge increase in defense spending. A. result B. assure C. entail D. accomplish 17. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are _ indeed.A. distant B. slim C. unlikely D. narrow 18. We should make a clear _ between competent and proficient for the purposes of our discussion. A. separation B. division C. distinction D. diffe fence 19. In the present economic _ we can make even greater progress than previously. A. air B. mood C. area D. climate 20. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;_, it should rank high on any list of science fiction. A. consistently B. consequently C. invariably D. fortunately Part II. Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Despite the general negative findings, it is important to remember that all children who live through a divorce do not behave in the same way. The specific behavior depends on the childs individual personality, characteristics, age at the time of divorce, and gender. In terms of personality, when compared to those rated as relaxed and easygoing, children described as temperamental and irritable have more difficulty coping with parental divorce, as indeed they have more difficulty adapting to life change in general. Stress, such as that found in disrupted families, seems to impair the ability of temperamental children to adapt to their surroundings, the greater the amount of stress, the less well they adapt. In contrast, a moderate amount of stress may actually help an easygoing, relaxed child learn to cope with adversity. There is some relationship between age and childrens characteristic reaction to divorce. As the child grows older, the greater is the likelihood of a free expression of a variety of complex feelings, an understanding of those feelings, and a realization that the decision to divorce cannot be attributed to any one simple cause. Self-blame virtually disappears after the age of 6, fear of abandonment diminishes after the age of 8, and the confusion and fear of the young child is replaced in the older child by shame, anger, and self-reflection. Gender of the child is also a factor that predicts the nature of reaction to divorce. The impact of divorce is initially greater on boys than on girls. They are more aggressive, less compliant, have greater difficulties in interpersonal relationships, and exhibit problem behaviors both at home and at school. Furthermore, the adjustment problems of boys are still noticeable even two years after the divorce. Girls adjustment problems are usually internalized rather than acted out, and are often resolved by the second year after the divorce. However, new problems may surface for girls as they enter adolescence and adulthood. How can the relatively greater impact of divorce on boys than on girls be explained? The greater male aggression and noncompliance may reflect the fact that such behaviors are tolerated and even encouraged in males in our culture more than they are in females. Furthermore, boys may have a particular need for a strong male model of self-control, as well as for a strong disciplinarian parent. Finally, boys are more likely to be exposed to their parents fights than girls are, and after the breakup, boys are less likely than girls to receive sympathy and support from mothers, teachers, or peers.21. Temperamental, irritable kids have difficulty adapting to parental divorce because.A they care too much about the life changeB the great stress of their families diminishes their abilityC they tend to lose temper easily and are sensitive to the life changeD they are faced with more parents fights than the relaxed, easygoing children22. The following statements are true EXCEPT.A divorce is usually caused by more than one reasonB a six-year-old boy may fear being deserted by his parentsC as the kids grow older, they have a better understanding of divorceD a young girl may feel more shameful on parental divorce than an older boy23. It can be inferred from the passage that the impact of divorce.A on kids of different sexes will probably change as they grow olderB may cause most kids difficulties in communicating with othersC on an irritable girl is greater than a noncompliant boyD is always greater on boys than on girls24. According to the author, the reason why parental divorce has greater effect on boys than on girls is that.A all cultures encourage male aggression and noncomplianceB boys are always involved in their parents fightsC males are usually viewed as the models in self-control and strong willD boys are basically more self-disciplined than girls25. What is the main idea of the passage?A Parental divorce has a negative effect on children all through their life.B The impact of parental divorce on children varies in personality, age and gender.C Boys may become more aggressive than girls in disrupted families.D Kids of different ages behave differently on parental divorce.Passage 2As a young bond trader, Buttonwood was given two pieces of advice, trading rules of thumb, if you will: that bad economic news is good news for bond markets and that every utterance dropping from the lips of Paul Volcker, the then chairman of the Federal Reserve, and the man who restored the central banks credibility by stomping on runaway inflation, should be respected than Popes orders. Todays traders are, of course, a more sophisticated bunch. But the advice still seems good, apart from two slight drawbacks. The first is that the well-chosen utterances from the present chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, is of more than passing difficulty. The second is that, of late, good news for the economy has not seemed to upset bond investors all that much. For all the cheer that has crackled down the wires, the yield on ten-year bonds-which you would expect to rise on good economic news-is now, at 4.2%, only two-fifths of a percentage point higher than it was at the start of the year. Pretty much unmoved, in other words.Yet the news from the economic front has been better by far than anyone could have expected. On Tuesday November 25th, revised numbers showed that Americas economy grew by an annual 8.2% in the third quarter, a full percentage point more than originally thought, driven by the ever-spendthrift American consumer and, for once, corporate investment. Just about every other piece of information coming out from special sources shows the same strength. New houses are still being built at a fair clip. Exports are rising, for all the protectionist crying. Even employment, in what had been mocked as a jobless recovery, increased by 125,000 or thereabouts in September and October. Rising corporate profits, low credit spreads and the biggest-ever rally in the junk-bond market do not, on the face of it, suggest anything other than a deep and long-lasting recovery. Yet Treasury-bond yields have fallen.If the rosy economic backdrop makes this odd, making it doubly odd is an apparent absence of foreign demand. Foreign buyers of Treasuries, especially Asian certral banks, who had been swallowing American government debt like there was no tomorrow, seem to have had second thoughts lately. In September, according to the latest available figures, foreigners bought only $56 billion of Treasuries, compared with $25.1 billion the previous month and an average of $38.7 billion in the preceding four months. In an effort to keep a lid on the yens rise, the Japanese central bank is still busy buying dollars and parking the money in government debt. Just about everybody else seems to have been selling.26. The advice for Buttonwood suggests that.A Paul Volcker enjoyed making comments on controlling inflationB the Federal Reserve has an all-capable power over inflation controlC economy has the greatest influence upon the daily life of ordinary peopleD the economic sphere and bond markets are indicative of each other27. The word passing(Line 7, Paragraph 1) most probably means.A instant B trivial C simple D negligible28. Which of the following is responsible for the rapid economic growth in the US?A Domestic consumers. B Foreign investments.C Real estate market. D Recovering bond market.29. According to the last paragraph, most Asian central banks are becoming.A rather regretful B less ambitiousC more cautious D speculative30. The phrase keep a lid on(Line 6, Paragraph 3) most probably means.A put an end to B set a limit onC tighten the control over D reduce the speed ofPassage 3Material culture refers to the touchable, material things-physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of things in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra. Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole. Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, peoples aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the information-revolution, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe. 31. Which of the following does not belong to material culture?A Instruments. B Music. C Paintings. D Sheet music.32. The word phonograph(Line 5-6, Paragraph 1) most probably means.A record player B radio C musical techniqueD music culture33. The main idea of the first paragraph is.A the importance of cultural tools and technologyB the cultural influence of the development of civilizationC the focus of the study of the material culture of musicD the significance of the research into the musical instruments34. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of printed music?A Reading of music notation has a great impact on musicians.B People may draw imspiration from it.C The music culture will be influenced by it in the end.D Songs tend to be standardized by it.35. From the third paragraph, we may infer that.A traditional cultural heritage is worthy of preservationB the universal features shared by all cultures arent worthy of noticeC musicians pay more attention to the preservation of traditional musicD the more developed a culture, the more valuable the music it has fosteredPassage 4Ive never met a human worth cloning, says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. Its a stupid endeavor. Thats an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year-or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of mans best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusins experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missys DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when youre dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous, he says.Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusins phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missys mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. Hes plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missys fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missys owners and the A&M team say they are both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusins work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. Why would you ever want to clone humans, Westhusin asks, when were not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet? 36. Which of the following best represents Mr. Westhusins attitude toward cloning?A Animal cloning is a stupid attempt.B Human cloning is not yet close to getting it worked out.C Cloning is too inefficient and should be stopped.D Animals cloning yes, and human cloning at least not now.37. The Missyplicity project does not seem very successful probably because.A there isnt enough fund to support the researchB cloning dogs is more complicated than cloning cats and bullsC Mr. Westhusin is too busy taking care of the businessD the owner is asking for an exact copy of his pet38. When Mr. Westhusin says . cloning is dangerous, he implies that.A lab technicians may be affected by chemicalsB cats and dogs in the lab may die of diseasesC experiments may waste lots of livesD cloned animals could outlive the natural ones39. We can infer from the third paragraph that.A rich people are more interested in cloning humans than animalsB cloning of animal pets is becoming a prosperous industryC there is no distinction between a cloned and a natural dogD Missys master pays a lot in a hope to revive the dog40. We may conclude fr