Unit 4 Cyberspace导学案 教师版.doc

Unit 4 Cyberspace 导学案主备人：Yuki 审核人：郭建霞姓名：_ 班级：_ 组别：_一、 词形变换1. 有可能的adj._ 像prep.；喜欢v._ 不像._ 不喜欢._2. 全球n._全球的，全世界的adj._全球变暖_3. 真实的adj ._现实，真实n._ 实现v._ 4. 影响vt. _ 效果，影响n._ 5. 增长，生长v._n._6. 恐怖分子n._恐怖主义n._ 恐怖n._ 使恐惧v._ 恐惧的adj._ 令人恐惧的adj._7. 娱乐，款待n._v._8. 消失vi._ n._ 出现v._ n._9. 伤害，损伤 vt&n._ 有害的adj._ 无害的adj._ 对是有害的_10. 明显的adj ._ 明显地 adv._11. 破坏，毁灭n._ 破坏的，毁灭性的adj._ v._12. 科学的adj._ 科学n._ 科学家n._13. 建议v._ n._ 建议做某事(1) _(2) _14. 安排v._ n._15. 吸引v._ 吸引人的地方n._吸引人的adj._16. 历史n._ 历史的，有关历史的adj._17. 吸烟v._ 吸烟者._ 非吸烟者._18. 定居vi._ 定居地n._ 移民者._19. 中心，中央 n._ 中心的adj._20. 正式地adv._ 官方的，正式的adj./官员n_ 办公室._二、 单词表中的短语1. 实现，成真_2. 全球变暖_3. 好像，仿佛_4. 取得联系_5. 别挂断_6. 做，从事于_7. 本人亲身_8. 也，又_9. 被认为是_三、 词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1. _想要，喜欢2. _受欢迎4. _平均5. _出版,发行6. _根本,全然7. _将来,未来8. _去露营9. _发现,查明10. _飞机坠毁11. _网上购物12. _抗议,反对13. since then _14. go back to _15. surf the Internet _ 16. historical sites _17. whats more _18. hang on _19. virtual reality _20. postal service _21. depend on _22. do water sports _ 23. plenty of _24. as well as _25. manage to do _26. 近三十年来_27.与. 相连_28. 对悲观/乐观 _29. 网络犯罪_30. 引起混乱_31. 订票_32. 得到各种信息_33. 巨大的增长_34. 得到娱乐_35. 邮政服务_36. 在虚拟现实中_37. 在真正的情景中_38. 当代生活的一部分_39. 电台节目_40. 提出建议_41. 进行预测_42. 变得糟糕_四、 重点知识1. She also believes that, in the future we will get entertainment and that television will disappear.eg. She thinks it is hard for her to do it well and that she should give it up.* 宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：(1) 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if (是否) (2) 代词：who, whose, what ,which (3) 副词：when ,where, how, why 等翻译：他说你还是太年轻了不能理解这件事，和你必须保守这个秘密。_2. as if 好像，仿佛(1) He was shaking with fright as if he_ (see)a ghost.(2) He talked as if he_ (go)to the moon.(3) He glanced about as if he _(be) in search of something.(4) It look as if it _(be not) clear enough to swim here.(5) It looked as if it_ (rain)this afternoon.* 主句谓语动词是：look; seem; taste; smell等连系动词 (并且是现在时),从句可用陈述语气. A. as if 从句用陈述语气的情况: 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能或存在的事实时。听起来像是在下雨。 It sounds as if _.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。He talks as if _.B1. as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况: 当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能或存在的情况时。（1）如果从句表示与现在事实 相反，谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词用were） 你看上去好像并不在乎。 You look as if _. 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。He talks as if_. 她高兴得就像一只自由的小鸟。She is so happy as if _. 他躺在地上，好像死去了一样。 He lays on the ground as if _.B2当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能或存在的情况时。（2）如果从句表示与将来事实 相反，谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 He opened his mouth as if _. 看来好像要下雪了。 It looks as if _.3. advise 与 suggest(1) Our teacher suggested _(buy) a good book.Our teacher advised us_(buy) a good book.(2) The teacher suggested that we _(buy) a good book.His cool response suggested that he _ (buy) a good book.(3) 一个好的建议: a good suggestion; a piece of good advice 4. affect vt. :have an influence or effect on (1) 雨量影响庄稼的生长._ (2) 他父亲去世的消息使他深受打击. _(3) 他的肾脏受到了严重影响. _influence: 潜移默化的影响 affect (vt.)，effect (n.) 即时见效Teachers words have a great _ on their students.The drug did not _ the disease, and it had several adverse side _. 你读的东西对你的思想有影响。 What you read _ your thinking. 事实胜于雄辩。 The_ speaks, the tongue needs not.5. In 1983, there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet. = which were connected to the Internet.真是令人惊奇, 地下埋了300 枚金币。 It is surprising that there were 300 gold coins_ (bury)underground. = which _(bury) underground. 考点：_6. Some experts are pessimistic about the future. 科学家对(计算机主宰的)未来表现出悲观的态度。 be pessimistic/optimistic about 对悲观/乐观 have a positive attitude to/towards sth 对抱乐观态度我对目前的局势感到悲观。 Im rather _ the present situation. 我对未来抱乐观态度。 I am _ our future. 7. Even now, young hackers can get into the computers of banks and governments. get into 进入到里 get into touch with sb.与某人取得联系 get into the habit of doing sth. 染上恶习他想尽一切办法与前方取得了联系。_青少年很容易染上吸烟的恶习。_8. We have to take immediate action. 我们得马上采取行动。= It is high time we took action.take action/step 采取行动 take measures 采取措施我们必须采取行动防止疾病的传播。_我们应该采取措施保护环境。_9. 拓展： It is + adj. + that常见形容词有: necessary, important, possible, impossible, clear, obvious, certain, hard, difficult, easy.我们必须采取措施保护环境是重要的。_很显然，台湾总有一天会回归祖国。 _Taiwan will return to our motherland one day in the future.10. 虚拟语气If从句主句与现在事实相反一般过去时 （be用1._）would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反2._或were to +动词原形或should +动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反3._would/should/could/might+have+过去分词If I had time ,I _(go) to the cinema with you .If he _(catch) the first bus this morning, he would not have been late for class.If it were to /should rain tomorrow, the meeting _(put off).如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。 If I_(be) you, I would accept the invitation to the party.如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情_如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。_如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。_如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。_如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。_ (错综时间条件句) 有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间是不一致的（如一个是过去发生的，一个是现在发生的）。这时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。 1.If the weather had been more favorable , the crops would be growing still better. 2.If you were in better health ,we would have allowed you to join them in the work. 3.If we hadnt got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow. Had I taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now. 如果我今天早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。 （从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情） If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be all right now. 如果你（那时）听从我的建议的话，现在就不会有事了。 （从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情） If I hadnt finished my composition by now, I would be working on it tomorrow. 如果到现在为止我还没有完成作文的话，我明天还要接着写。 （从句说的是现在的事情，而主句说的是将来的事情） 五句话作文： 人们无法忘记2010年3月23日发生在福建南平的校园血案，为了表达对这些小孩的沉痛哀思，你代表你班在校会上做了一下发言： 1. 如果这些孩子今天好活着，他们该合同办们一起快乐地学习生活了。 2.如果10年或是20年后他们活着，他们会是祖国的希望。 3. 如果父母们早知道会有这样的事故，他们会避免它发生的。 4. 如果整个社会能更加关心儿童，幼儿园或小学就不会有这么多的悲剧发生。 5. 我多么希望这件事情没有发生啊。（How I wish/ If only that ）The eight children left us suddenly, which made everyone of us grieved. If they were alive today, they would study and play happily with their peers. And if they should/were/were to live in the world in 10 or 20 years, they could be the hope of the country. Had their parents known the incident in advance, they would have prevented it from happening. In a word, if the whole society had been more concerned about children, there wouldnt have been so many tragedies in kindergartens or primary schools. How I wish that hadnt happened! (If only that hadnt happened!/I would rather that hadnt happened!) 用介词短语代替条件状语从句.例如: Without air ,there would be no living things . I would not have succeeded but for your help. 1) 用with, without，but for等介词短语来替代条件从句, 它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如： We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadnt helped us. Without the sun, nothing would grow. = If there was no the sun, nothing would grow. 2) 用or, otherwise, but that, suppose/ supposing (that), provided / providing (that) 等引导的虚拟语气。如： You didnt come yesterday, or you would have seen him. I was very busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. Supposing I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on. 3.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 （1）“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，“可惜/悔不该/但愿”从句中谓语动词形式： 与现在事实相反：动词过去式 与过去事实相反: had + done 或 could (would) + have +done 与将来事实相反： could/would + do 例如： .I wish you told me earlier. We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier. I wish we could go to the seaside today/tomorrow .虚拟语气用于表语从句/同位语从句. 作advice / idea /order /demand /plan /proposal /suggestion /request 等后面的宾语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“（ should ) + 动词原形” .例如： We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. My idea is that he (should) do exercises first. 虚拟语气用于主语从句。 在主语从句中，谓语动词的用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊讶/ 不相信 /惋惜 /理应如此等。例如： It is necessary ( important /natural /desirable 想要的/advisable 明智的/合理的/适当的/可行的/strange ,etc.) that we should clean the room every day . It was a pity (a shame /no wonder ,etc.) that you should be so careless . It will be desired (suggested /decided /ordered /requested / proposed ,etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 6.虚拟语气用于定语从句 “It is (high ) time (that ) ” 谓语动词用过去式，或 should动词原形(should不能省略,be 用were来) 表示，意为“（现在）该” It is time that I went and picked up my little girl from school. It is high time we were going. 7.虚拟语气用于if only 引导的感叹句： If only I had taken his advice . If only I were a bird . 虚拟语气在would rather 后面的从句中： A.从句用过去时指现在。 B.从句用过去时指将来。 C.从句用过去完成时指过去。例如 ： I would rather you paid (pay) me now. I would rather they came (come) tomorrow. Id rather she hadnt done ( not do) that. 五句话作文： 请根据所给的提示写一篇短文，谈论试下父母用钱鼓励孩子的做法：现象奇怪的是，试下很多父母用钱鼓励孩子上学孩子的观点他们乐于接受用钱来作为一种回报你的看法父母鼓励孩子努力学习是很有必要的，但是用钱作为途径是错误的。你的建议1. 父母应该引导孩子养成良好的学习习惯；2. 父母是时候用行动来鼓励自己的孩子了。It is strange that nowadays many parents should give their children money to encourage them to study hard. Of course, children are happy to receive money as a reward. In my opinion, it is necessary that parents should encourage children to study hard, but it is wrong to use money as a way. So I suggest parents should guide their children to form a good habit of learning. Whats more, it is high time that parents encouraged their children with action.五、 重要考点：1. In the last thirty years, the Internet has grown rapidly. 考点： _对比：Over 2000 years ago, many Europeans _ (live) in this area. Over the last 2000 years, great changes _ (took place) in this area.2. scenery: 自然景观 sight: 某地的名胜 view: 从远处、高处看到的景色 scene: 展现在眼前的景色，不限于自然景色 I enjoy the beautiful scenery of the Huang Mountain. A ship came into sight (view). You can get a good view on the top of the mountain.3. sometime: 在某一时候（时间不确定） some time： 一段时间（词组） sometimes： 有时（副词） I have been waiting some time. I saw him sometime in May.Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus. Sometimes they play football at the Childrens palace.有时候他们在少年宫踢足球。 Well take our holiday sometime in June.我们将在六月某一时候休假。 Ill be away for some time. 我将离开一段时间。1. offer vt. & n. 提供，出价，提议，主动提出搭配：用适当的词填空。(1) offer sb. sth. = offer sth. _to_sb. 提供某人某物(2) offer_to do_ = make an offer to do主动提出帮忙做联想: (1) provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.(2) supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb.运用：用offer翻译下列句子。(1) 老板主动提出要送我们去郊区。The boss_ us to the suburb. offered to send (2) 那个失主悬赏寻找他失去的小狗。 _for the return of his dog. The owner offered a reward(3) 看到我的麻烦，他表示要帮助我。_ Seeing my trouble, he offered to help me out. (4) 谢谢你提供的帮助。Thank you for_of help. your offer4. harm n. & v. 伤害，损害，危害搭配：熟记下列搭配。(1) do harm to sb./ sth.= do sb. / sth. harm对有害(2)be harmful to对有害(3) do no harm无害拓展:写出适当的单词。(1) _adj.有害的(2) _adj.无害的5. be known as作为而出名 be known for因为而出名 be known to sb.为某人所知运用：用适当的介词填空。(1) My cousin, who is known _a workaholic, always works overtime.(2) Shunde, a beautiful city in Guangdong, is known _electric appliances.(3) As is known_all, Tibet is part of China.As; For; to8. feel like想（干）某事用法:后面接名词、代词或动名词。联想: (1) would like to do sth. 想干某事 (2) would rather do sth. 宁愿干某事运用：一句多译。我想参观科学博物馆。I feel like visiting the Science Museum./ Id like to visit the Science Museum.巩固练习：请用倒装句改写句子1. 他不但是我的老师，还是我的好朋友。 He is not only my teacher, but also he is my good friend. Not only is he my teacher, but al