河北省武邑中学高考英语一轮复习 Unit5 First aid导学案 新人教版必修5.doc

河北省武邑中学2016届高考英语一轮复习 unit5 first aid导学案 新人教版必修5 first aid for burnsthe skin is_1_ essential part of your body and its largest organ. you have three layers of skin _2_ act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the suns harmful rays. the functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. so as you can imagine, if your skin gets _3_(burn) it can be very serious. first aid is very important first step in the treatment of burns.causes of burnsyou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.types of burnsthere are three types of burns. burns _4_(call)first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.first degree burns these affect only the top layer of the skin. these burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by _5_(touch) a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.second degree burns these affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. these burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.third degree burns these affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. examples include burns _6_(cause) by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. these burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.characteristics of burnsfirst degree burnsdry, red and mildly swollen mildly painful turn white when pressedsecond degree burnsrough, red and swollen blisters watery surface extremely painfulthird degree burnsblack and white and charred swollen; often tissue under them can be seenlittle or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area.first aid treatment1.remove clothing using scissors if necessary _7_ it is stuck to the burn. take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2.cool burns_8_(immediate)with cool but not icy water. it is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (the cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) do not put cold water on third degree burns.3.for first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. for second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4.dry the burned area gently. do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5.cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. hold the bandage in place with tape. never put butter, oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6.if burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. if burns are on the face, the victim should sit up.7.if the injuries are second or third degree burns, _9_ is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. herolc teenager recelves awardseventeen-year-old teenager, john janson, was honoured at the lifesaver awards last night in rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.john was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.john was studying in his room when he heard screaming. when he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. they discovered that anne slade, mother of three, had been stabbed _1_(repeated) with a knife. she was lying in her front garden _2_(bleed) very heavily. her hands had almost been cut off.it was johns quick action and knowledge of first aid _3_ saved ms slades life. he immediately asked a number of nearby people _4_ bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. john used these to treat the most severe injuries to ms slades hands. he slowed the bleeding by applying pressure _5_ the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.“im proud _6_what i did but i was just doing_7_id been taught,” john said.john had taken part in the young lifesaver scheme at his high school. when congratulating john, mr alan southerton, director of the young lifesaver scheme said, “_8_ is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms slades life. it shows that _9_ knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.”before receiving their awards last night, john and the nine _10_ life savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the prime minister. 自学加油站1.present n.礼物；目前adj.在场;出席;当前的v.颁发;授予;赠给呈现，显示；阐述，表达；引见常用结构：be present at 出席 be absent from缺席 at presentat the present timenow 现在present sb. with sth=present sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人2. apply v.apply sth to sth 应用 apply (to sb)for sth 向.申请 apply oneself to 勤奋，专心于application n. 申请，申请书，应用 applicant n. 申请者，投保人3. fall ill 生病联想拓展：fall behind 落后 fall sick 生病 fall asleep 入睡 fall down 掉下；倒塌fall in love with . 爱上fall off 脱落；减少；从上掉下 fall into the habit of . 养成的习惯fall over 跌倒；翻倒；落到上f all silent 沉默 4.over and over again 反复；再三=over again =over and over=again and again 5. in place在适当的位置；适当i like everything to be in place. 我喜欢所有的东西都放在原来的地方。with everything in place, she started the slide show.一切就绪，她开始放幻灯片。联想拓展：out of place 不在适当的位置；不合适be in/out of order有条理/无条理坏了be in/out of control正常/失控be in/out of danger 有危险/脱离危险 in place of.take the place of. 代替；取代 .6. make a difference to有很大差别；有很大不同；有很大的关系/影响whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.他是否能得到父母的支持对这个计划的影响很大。7. remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。unless是连词，意为“如果不，除非”。在真实条件句中，unless引导的肯定条件状语从句，可以和if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。unless you change your mind，i wont be able to help you.=if you dont change your mind，i won t be able to help you. 除非你改变想法，否则我不能帮助你。i want you to keep working unless i tell you to stop.=i want you to keep working if i dont tell you to stop.如果我没说让你停，你就得继续干。8. john was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。此句型中when作并列连词,相当于and then,意为“正当时，突然”。常用结构：be doing.when. 正在做突然 had just done.when. 刚做了突然be about to do.when. 刚要做突然 be on the point of doing sth. when. 刚要做突然she had just finished her homework_her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. we were swimming in the lake_suddenly the storm started. 3.for second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water. 在第二等级的烧伤中，要让布保持冷却，可以通过把布放回一盆冷水中的方式。(1) this coat will keep you warm. (2) her illness kept her in bed for a week. (3) they