河北省石家庄市栾城县高考英语 阅读理解及书面表达练习（13） (2).doc

河北省石家庄市栾城县2016高考英语 阅读理解及书面表达练习（13）阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁：议论文话题：历史故事时间：6分钟the movies just wouldnt be the same without the warm buttery taste of popcorn.amazingly，this delicious treat started its life as a corn kernel(玉米粒)and not from just any corn.popcorn is a type of sweet corn that was originally grown in mexico and spread to china，india and elsewhere.it is the only kind of corn that will pop.today，most of the worlds popcorn is grown in the united states.every popcorn kernel contains a tiny drop of water，surrounded by soft starch(淀粉)when the popcorn is heated，the water turns into steam.this puts pressure on the surrounding hard kernel，forcing it to explode.the soft starch increases about 40 times in size as the corn kernel turns itself inside out.in the 1500s popcorn was an important food source for the aztec indians of central and southern mexico.but it wasnt only food.it was also used in ceremonies or in headdresses and necklaces.by the time the europeans arrived in america，popcorn had spread through most of the american indians.some early american settlers ate popcorn with cream and sugar for breakfast.but it wasnt until the late 1800s that popcorn became popular.the demand for popcorn increased and farmers began farming popcorn.the first mobile popping machine was invented in 1885，and popcorn was sold by street sellers much like hot dogs are sold today.during the great depression of the 1930s，the popcorn business still thrived as people could still afford it.then in the 1950s television arrived and popcorn consumption decreased.people stayed home and stopped going to the theatre.but the link between movies and popcorn had already existed.soon people began making popcorn at home on the stove.later，microwave popcorn was introduced.today the movies have regained popularity and popcorn has once again become the favorite.【语篇导读】没有温热香甜的爆米花，电影似乎也会失去味道吧。那么，关于爆米花你又了解多少呢？1popcorn was first planted in _.achina bamericacindia dmexico解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。答案d 2why does the corn kernel pop when heated?abecause it is covered with soft starch.bbecause the pressure inside is too big.cbecause the starch becomes bigger in size.dbecause there is water inside the kernel.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三两句可知，玉米粒内的水并不能直接导致它炸开，而是水蒸气产生的压力作用于四周坚硬的内核上，造成它爆炸。故答案选b。答案b3we can know from the passage that _.apopcorn began to be farmed in the late 1800sbpopcorn was only a kind of food in the 1500s chot dogs used to be sold by street sellersdpeople stopped going to the movies without popcorn解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知，是在19世纪末期，随着人们对爆米花需求的增长，农民们才开始种植这种玉米。答案a4the underlined word“thrived” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_ ”astarted to be popularbwas seriously affectedcsuffered a lot ddeveloped very well解析词义猜测题。根据上文的still以及下文的as people could still afford it可推断出，这里指即使是在经济大萧条时期，因为爆米花仍然是人们买得起的食品，所以爆米花产业仍然发展得很好。答案d阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013陕西，c)according to sociologists(社会学家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层). class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.class means a persons economic position in society. a commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class. while sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the united states quite well. one study shows that 53% of americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class. interestingly, a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people. obviously, people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power, but people who take orders from others have less power. power and class do not always go hand in hand, however. for example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class. generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. to our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the us. senate!status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society. it can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so. for example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，阐明了阶级、权力、地位的定义以及三者之间的关系。13what can we learn about “the middle class” from paragraph 2?apeople earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.bnearly half americans belong to the middle class.cpeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.dsociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.答案：b细节理解题。由第二段第四句话可知美国中产阶级占46%，差不多一半，故b项正确。由第五句话“有趣的是年收入五十万美元的外科医生和五万美元的公交车司机都自认为是中产阶级”，是“自认为”，所以ac项都不对。由第三句话可知d项错误。14according to the text, we know that _.apower and class do not always correspond with each otherbstatus refers to a persons economic position in societycpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersdclass is less important in deciding a persons social rank答案：a细节理解题。由第三段第三句话power and class do not always go hand in hand，可知a项正确。由第四段第一句话可知b项错误；由第四段最后一句话可知c项错误；由第一段第二句话可知d项错误。15which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?答案：a语篇结构题。第一段总体介绍阶级、权力、地位在确定一个人的社会等级方面都很重要，第二三四段分别说明了阶级、权力、和地位，采用了总分结构。故选a项。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013湖南，c)its such a happylooking library, painted yellow, decorated with palmtree stickers and sheltered from the florida sun by its own roof. about the size of a microwave oven, its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in palm beach country estates, along the northern boundary of palm beach gardens.its a library built with love.a year ago, shortly after janey henriksen saw a brian williams report about the little free library organization, a wisconsinbased nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “thats what were going to do for our spring break！”son austin, now a 10thgrader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. but janey insisted, and husband peter unwillingly got to work. the 51yearold owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that hed built years earlier for daughter abbies toy horses, and made a door of glass.after adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book，” and making the henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only little free library in palm beach county.they stocked it with 20 or so books theyd already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids favorites. “i told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again，” said janey, a stayathome mom.since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. the library now gets an average of five visits a day.the projects best payoff, says peter, are the thankyou notes left behind. “we had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了little free library这家图书馆的由来及其发展。16in what way is the library “pedestrianfriendly”？ait owns a yellow roof.bit stands near a sidewalk.cit protects book lovers from the sun.dit uses palmtree stickers as decorations.答案：b细节理解题。文章第一段信息its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in palm beach country estates表明这家图书馆是方便到达的，他就在人行道一侧等待读书爱好者。17janey got the idea to build a library from _.aa visit to brian williamsba spring break with her familyca book sent by one of her neighborsda report on a wisconsinbased organization答案：d细节理解题。janey henriksen读了brian williams关于little free library organization(一个威斯康辛州的非盈利组织)的报告，该组旨在促进文学，通过在社区提供可得到的免费书籍，普及这项文学意识)的一篇报告后，对家人说那就是春假期间他们一家四口要做的事。d项正确。18the library was built _.aby a ship supply companybon the basis of toy horsesclike a mailboxdwith glass答案：c细节理解题。第四段首句son austin, now a 10thgrader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox.表明这个“图书馆”像个“邮箱”。19what can we infer about the signboard?ait was made by a user of the library.bit marked a final touch to the library.cit aimed at making the library last long.dit indicated the library was a family property.答案：c推理判断题。a它是由使用者建造的图书馆；b那标志着对图书馆的最后装点；c那是为了让图书馆延续下去；d那表明这家图书馆是家庭财产。结合第五段信息(尤其是instructing users to “take a book, return a book，” and making the henriksen library)可知c项正确。20the passage tells us that the users _.adonate books to the librarybget paid to collect books for the librarycreceive thankyou notes for using the librarydvisit the library over 5 times on average daily答案：a细节理解题。倒数第二段表明，多亏了来自借阅者们不断的图书捐赠，图书供给得以补充，因此现在图书馆平均每天有5次借阅量。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（4）】基础写作（共1小题，满分15分） 你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇中国扇子文化的简介。【写作内容】 请根据以下信息，写一篇关于中国扇子文化的介绍。1扇子历史：(1)大约出现在三千年前的殷朝； (2)在中国流行的具体时间难以确定； (3)历来中国被誉为“制扇王国”。2扇子原料：羽毛、丝绸、纸、骨头、棕榈叶。3扇子产地：(l)中国浙江杭州市以做扇子而闻名； (2) 1857年成立的王兴记扇子店是其中一个老品牌。4扇子特点：(1)集中国书法、绘画与诗歌为一体； (2)种类繁多，是生活用具，更是艺术品。*棕榈叶palm leaf*书法calligraphy【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。【参考范文】基础写作(one possible version )china has been honored as the “fan-making kingdom” in the world. the earliest chinese fans appeared during the yin dynasty about 3,000 years ago, but it is hard to say the exact time when fans became popular in chinese history. the fans are usually made of such materials as feathers, silk, paper, bone and palm leaves. in china, hangzhou city, zhejiang province is well-known for its fan-making and there has been an old famous brand wangxingji fan shop which was first established in 1857. speaking of their characteristics, the various fans are art works more than daily tools since they are combined with chinese calligraphy, paintings and poems as a whole.【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（4）】读写任务（共l小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。we all know that blood donation is a beneficial social act: we help other people who need blood in a way that is not really troublesome. besides, blood donation means that you are participating in public screening program, which helps local health officials to review the general health trends and supports easier monitoring activities concerning disease trends or epidemics in your area. however, do you know that there are other more personal benefits related to donating your blood? they prove that donating blood is not only beneficial to other people, but also to yourself. the most obvious benefit of donating blood is the free health screening process. before donating your blood, you will be tested for possible health problems or infectious diseases, and officers will tell you if you are qualified for blood donation. by this screening test, you will get the information if there is something wrong with your health. other health benefits related to blood donation are the reduction of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease. a high level of iron in the blood has been related to cardiovascular disease, which explains why men and post-menopausa