河北省邯郸市邯山区高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（3） (2).doc

河北省邯郸市邯山区2016高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（3）pas阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. for example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. one way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. but why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads? ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of arian de bondt, a dutch engineer. he finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. the result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside. the heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. some, however, dive deep into the ground. when the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. at a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been built. the hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. the aquifer is thus used as a heat store. in winter, the working system is changed slightly. water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. this water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. after performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice. 1. which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? a. arian de bondt got his idea from his boss. b. large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities. c. the dutch engineers system has been widely used. d. heat can also be collected from asphalt roads. 2. for what purpose are the diving pipes used? a. to absorb heat from the sun. b. to store heat for future use. c. to turn solar energy into heat energy. d. to carry heat down below the surface. 3. from the last paragraph we can learn that.a. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winterb. the system can do more than warming up the buildingc. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surfaced. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer4. what is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows? a. what we shall do if the system goes wrong. b. what we shall do if there are no asphalt roads. c. how the system cools the building in summer. d. how the system collects heat in spring and autumn. 【参考答案】1-4 ddbc 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省韶关市】 just as some people think that certain numbers are lucky or unlucky, others believe that we can use numbers to understand our personalities, or predict what will happen to us in the future. numerology is a way of using numbers to describe a persons character, and to make predictions about future life events. numerologists use the numbers 1-9, 11 and 22 also known as the “master” numbers to help a person understand his or her personality, life goals, and destiny. numerologists consider your life path number to be the most significant because this number describes your character. to find this number, add together all the numbers in your date of birth. for example, a person born on april 25, 1985 would add the month (4), to the numbers of the date (2+5), plus the numbers of the birth year (1+9+8+5). in this case the total is 34, so this persons life path number is 7(3+4). numerologists believe that people with this number are peaceful and affectionate but can also be very reserved. your expression number describes your talents and predicts how you should use these to fulfill your destiny in life. numerologists assign a number between 1 and 9 to each of the letters in your name. these numbers are then added together in the same way as before to find your expression number. numerologists can also do calculations to predict when the most challenging periods of your life will be. numerologists also believe that the day a person is born is important. each day of the month has a character description. people born on the fourth are said to be responsible, honest, and stubborn. people born on the fifteenth have very strong attachments to family and home. those who celebrate their birthday on the thirtieth are artistic, creative, and imaginative, and often make good writers. if we calculate the numerical value of our name and birth date, numerologists believe that we can learn more about our personalities. they also believe that we can predict our destinies, how our lives will progress, and what challenges we may face along the way. to the numerologist, numbers can be used in many more ways than we think. 26. if a person was born on november 8, 1995, what is his life path number? a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 11 【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。由“ for example, a person born on april 25, 1985 would add the month (4), to the numbers of the date (2+5), plus the numbers of the birth year (1+9+8+5). in this case the total is 34, so this persons life path number is 7(3+4).”可知选a。27. to understand your abilities and how to use them in your life, you should calculate your _. a. life path number b. expression number c. birthday d. name and birth date 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由“your expression number describes your talents and predicts how you should use these to fulfill your destiny in life. ”可知选b。28. according to the passage, a person born on the fifteenth tends to be _. a. stubborn b. home-loving c. artistic d. imaginative 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由“people born on the fifteenth have very strong attachments to family and home”可知选b。29. according to the passage, numerologists believe that _. a. life path number can be used to predict a persons most challenging life periods b. expression number is the most meaningful for people to learn a persons character c. numbers can help people better understand themselves d. numbers can be used to change a persons future 【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由“numerologists use the numbers 1-9, 11 and 22 also known as the “master” numbers to help a person understand his or her personality, life goals, and destiny. ”可知选c。30. the function of the passage is _. a. to raise doubts about the usefulness of numerology b. to persuade readers about the benefits of the practices it describes c. to describe some of the numerological practices and their purpose d. to tease those who take such beliefs seriously 【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。纵观全文，可以推断出本文在于描述一些数字学家的实践和他们的用途。故选c。passsage thirty (fingerprints) the search for latent prints is done in a systematic and intelligent manner. investigators develop techniques to locate traces of fingerprints at a crime scene. the basic premise in searching for latent prints is to examine more carefully those areas, which would most likely be touched by persons who have been on the scene. the natural manner in which a person would use and place his hands in making an entrance or exit from a building or in handling any object is the key to the discovery of latent prints. where a forced entrance has been made, latent prints are likely to be found on any surface adjacent to or at that point. any object with a smooth, non-porous surface is likely to retain latent prints if touched. fingerprints on rough surfaces are usually of little value. if the fingermark does not disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value in identification is nil when photographed. where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons. places to search for prints on an automobile are the rear view mirror, steering wheel hub, steering column, windshield dashboard and the like. dusting of surface may be done with a fine brush or with an atomizer. the whit powders used are basically finely powdered white lead, talc, or chalk. another light powder is basically chemists gray. a good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. dragons blood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. in developing latent prints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. do not use powder if the fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. it can be photographed. a good policy for the novice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search in order to determine the powder best suited to the surface. fingerprints after dusting may be lifted by using fresh cellulose tape or commercially prepared material especially designed to lift and transfer dusted latent fingerprints. in addition to latent prints, the investigator must not overlook the possibility of two other types of fingerprint traces: molded impression and visible impression. molded impressions are formed by the pressure of the finger upon comparatively soft, pliable, or plastic surfaces producing an actual mold of the fingerprint pattern. these can be recorded by photograph without treating the surface, is usually most effective in revealing the impressions clearly. visible impressions are formed when the finger is covered with some substance which is transferred to the surface contacted. fingers smeared with blood, grease, dirt, paint, and the like will leave a visible impression. if these impressions are clear and sharp, they are photographed under light without ant treatment. ordinarily, prints of this type are blurred or smeared and do not contain enough detail for identification by comparison. however, they can not be overlooked or brushed aside without first being examined carefully.1. what is the best title for this passage?a. visible impressions. . moulded impressions.c. fingerprints. d. latent fingerprints.2. how many fingermarks are mentioned in this passage?a. 2. . 3. c. 4. d. 5.3. which type of fingerprints is most likely to retain?a. latent fingerprints. . visible impressions.c. moulded impressions. d. clear fingerprints.4. how many ways are there to develop fingerprints?a. 2. . 3. c. 4. d. 5.vocabulary1. latent print 潜在指纹2. premise 前提3. non-porous 无孔的，不渗透的4. ridge 脊，隆起部5. nil 无，零6. premise 房屋及其附属部件7. rear view mirror 后视镜8. steering wheel hub 驾驶盘9. steering column 转向柱10. windshield 挡风玻璃11. dashboard 仪表盘，挡泥板12. atomizer 喷雾器13. talc 滑石14. lampblack 灯黑，灯烟15. acacia 阿拉伯树胶，金合欢胶16. dragons blood 龙血树脂，麒麟血17. sparingly 少量的，节约的18. novice 新手，初学者19. cellulose tape 纤维带，指纹胶带20. lift 提起，拿起。这里指取下指纹。21. molded impression 模性压痕22. visible impression 可见压痕23. pliable 柔韧的，柔顺的24. smear 搽上，涂污，弄得模糊不清难句译注1. the basic premise in searching for latent prints is to examine more carefully those areas, which would most likely be touched by persons who have been on the scene.结构简析 句子长是因为有两个定语从句：which 和who； which 修饰areas; who 修饰persons.参考译文 搜寻潜手印的基本前提是：要非常仔细的检查那些最可能为曾到过现场的人所触摸的地方。2. if the fingermark does not disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value in identification is nil when photographed.结构简析 条件句，主从句中都有一个when +过去分词句型。第一个直接紧跟从句，第二个在主句的表语后面。译时根据其所在位置。参考译文 假如指印在放大镜下观察时没有显露隆起部分的细节（不显露指纹纹理），那很可能，在摄影时其鉴别价值等于零。3. where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons.结构简析 复合句，前面是主从句， whereit will be necessary, 从句so that 中又有一个条件句，if they 。参考译文 如果发现了指印，检查人员就必须把发现的指印和有权进入房屋的人的指印作比较。如果指印证实是来自这些人的，那么作为证据价值的线索就可排除掉。4. a good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. dragons blood is good powder f