河北省隆化县存瑞中学高中英语《Unit 1 Friendship》学案4（无答案）新人教版必修1.doc

unit 1 friendshipperiod four：grammar-direct speech and indirect speechteaching aims:learn about direct speech and indirect speech and how to change them.teaching procedure:一、自主学习：_，叫直接引语。_，叫间接引语。直接引语一般前后要加_，间接引语不用加引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成_。注意：_和_的变化二、师生合作探究：（一）陈述句：直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词_（可省）引导，从句中的_、_、_、_、_等要作相应变化。在作直接引语和间接引语转换时要注意句子的意义。eg：1. lao yang said, “ im not free.” 2. he said, “ im doing my homework.”3. she said (to me), “ your pronunciation is better than mine.”4. xiaoming said, “ i have seen the film.”5. he said, “ these books are mine.”6. she said, “ i was late for school yesterday.”7. she said, “ i will come here this evening.”总结：（学生小组讨论完成）人称直接引语间接引语一主二宾三不变时态一般现在时现在完成时一般过去时现在进行时一般将来时过去完成时指代thisthese时间状语now/ today/ tonightthen/that day/that nightyesterday/tomorrow/the next dayagobeforelast month(week)the month(week) beforenext month(week)the next month (week)the day before yesterdaytwo days before地状here动词come/ bringgo/take（二）、疑问句：疑问句转换成间接引语时除了注意以上变化之外，还要注意语序的变化，即要用陈述语序。由一般疑问句转换成间接引语，通常用_或_引导，引述动词为asked, 没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语me，him等。引述选择疑问句只能用_。特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述句语序。eg：1) he said, “do you want to come here again?” he asked (me) if/ whether i wanted to go there again.2) she asked, “ is this book yours or his?she asked me whether that book was mine.3) “ what is your name”? the teacher asked.the teacher asked me what my name was.模拟练习：she said, “ its 8 oclock now.”“is the door open or closed?” he asked.“ tom didnt like sports, did he?” he asked.“ what do you call your diary?” annes sister asked her.（三）、祈使句1.祈使句由直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的动词常由的say酌情改为tell,ask,order,advise,beg,warn等动词。原句若有表示客气的please,通常将say改为ask, 并去掉please，原句若有表示强调的动词do，应去掉do。eg：1）he said, “ open the windows,please.” he asked me to open the windows. 2）she said to me, “ do study hard.” she told me to study hard. 2.祈使句由直接引语变为间接引语时，通常将祈使句变为动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。eg. she said, “ john, stop talking.” she told john to stop talking. 3.否定形式的祈使句变为间接引语时，要将dont 或never 变为not to.eg. he said to the boy, “ dont do that again.”he told the boy not to do that again.4. 祈使语气委婉的句型“ will/would/can/could you please +v.也改为不定式的形式。eg。she said to me, “ will you please close the door?” she asked me to close the door.模拟练习：he said, “ get everything ready before 8:00.” “dont make so much noise, children!” she said. “would you mind opening the door?:” he asked.温馨提示：1.直接引语的时间状语是纯粹的过去时间，间接引语也可仍用一般过去时，而不必改为过去完成时。eg. tom said, “ i came to the school in 2000.”tom said that he _to the school in 2000.2.直接引语是现在的习惯动作、客观真理、格言等，间接为阴雨仍用一般现在时。eg. professor chen said, “ light travels faster than sound.” professor chen said that light travels faster than sound. 3.主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时时态不变。 eg. he says, “ i am very happy.”he says that he is very happy.三、课堂演练：把下列直接引语改为间接引语 1. she said,“ the earth goes around the sun.”_. 2. he said, “ my sister was here three days ago.”_. 3. they asked me, “ when did you finish your homework.”_. 4. tom said to me, “ are you from australia?”_. 5. “ ive been there twice,” he said._. 6. she said, “ mother, is the boy very clever?”_. 7. he said, “ who will take you to the office?:”_. 8.jack said to me, “ dont for