自己整理直接引语变间接.doc

直接引语和间接引语A 陈述句的间接引语 The foreigner said to me, I like Beijing very much. The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. She said,We are very fond of sports. She said that they were very fond of sports.。 Ill go over the grammar lesson once again,he said.。 He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again.B.疑问句的间接引语 1一般疑问句和反意疑问句 一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didnt know等。句末不用问号。 My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. You havent been to Beijing, have you asked he. He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 2特殊疑问句 间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。 He asked,” How do you like it” He asked me how I liked it. She asked me,” Whats the matter with you” She asked me what was the matter with me. “ How many books do you have” she asked. She asked me how many books I had. C.祈使句的间接引语 直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定式）。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。 She said to me,” Please have a rest.” She asked me to have a rest. “ Dont all answer at once”, she said to the pupils.。 She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 间接引语表示的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、客观事实、格言等。保持原来时态不变 The geography teacher said to the students, The earth moves round the sun. Th geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun. He said, Every dog has his day. The teacher said to us,Knowledge is power. The teacher told us that knowledge is power.间接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，仍可用一般过去时，不必改为过去完成时。 The girl said, Iwas born in 1978. The girl said that she was born in 1978.那女孩说她生于1978年。 She said, My teacher was busy yesterday. She said that her teacher was busy yesterday. 她说她老师昨天很忙。二、 间接引语中的词语变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语以及主谓语词序往往要作相应的变化。A 时态的变化 1时态的变化 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时（不变） 过去进行时过去进行时（不变）cancould may might must must/ had to The old man said, I have lived in this street since 1960. The old man said that he had lived in that street since 1960. He said, Is it raining He asked if it was raining.。 She said to me, I wrote a letter to my parents three days ago. She told me that she had written a letter to her parents three days before. What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday he asked He asked me what I was doing at seven p.m. the day before. 1人称代词的变化 He said to Tom, Ill do my best to catch up with others. He told Tom that he would do his best to catch up with others.You should not overlook your fault, Mum said to me. Mum told me that I should not overlook my fault.The two boys said, We have lost ur dog. The two boys said they had lost their dog.2时间状语，地点状语，指示代词和动词的变化直接引语间接引语 now 现在then 那时；当时 today 今天that day 那天 tonight 今晚 that night 那天晚上 this week 本周that week 上周 yesterday 昨天 the day before前一天 时间状语the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 前两天 two days ago 两天前three days before 三天前 last week 上周 the last week 前一周 tomorrow 明天the next day 第二天 next week 下周the next week 第二个星期 指示代词this 这that 那these 这些those 那些地点状语here 这里there 那里动词come 来go 去She said, This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. She said that that wa the house in which Lu Xun had once lived. I bought these flowers for you, Jane said. Jane said that she had bought those flowers for me. I grow these tomatoes myself, he said. He aid that he grew those tomatoes himself.He said, I spoke to them yesterday. He said that h had spoken to them the day before.Come here, please, he said. He asked me to go there.直接引语变间接引语练习题1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19I said to him, “I have finished it.”20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.25“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.直接引语变间接引语专练题（二）.单项选择1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The engineer said he was at college in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22 The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.23 The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.24 Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.25 The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.答案与简析：1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 2. D 一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句. 3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask (请求), tell (告诉), order (命令), invite (邀请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. D直接引语为陈述句, 变间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)。 5. C 6. B反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。7. C 选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。8. C直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引语时, 用特殊疑问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9. D注意时态的一致。What作主语，the matter（=wrong）作表语。10. D直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用。.巩固练习：1. Our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school.A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing3. _ Tom didnt go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how5. Betty asked her sister _ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon wentC. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li _ Wang Ling _ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take8. She asked him _.A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary that wasC. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is9. Marys mother asked her _.A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework10. Do you know _?A. what is he doing B. what he doingC. what he is doing D. what does he do now11. I dont know _ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins12. He asked me _.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day13. You cant imagine _ when they received th