虚拟语气老师整理.pptx

Grammar 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 听力和翻译重要考点 常见虚拟语气用法 if引导的非真实条件句asif asthough从句Wish后的that从句ifonly感叹句suggest等动词及相应名词后that从句itis was 形容词后that从句Wouldrather后that从句it s about high time后that从句wereitnotfor haditnotbeenfor if引导的非真实条件句 翻译 听力 表示与描述的事情相反或不可能发生与现在事实相反 if从句用过去时 主句should woulddoIfIhadabike Iwouldlendittoyou与过去事实相反 if从句haddone 主句should wouldhavedoneIfIhadhadabike Iwouldhavelentittoyou 未来也不可能 if从句should wereto 主句should woulddoIfitshould weretoraintomorrow whatwouldyoudo 虚拟语气中的倒装结构 Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim if从句部分含有were should 或had时 可省略if 再把were should或had移到从句的句首 实行倒装 Hadyoucomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim Ifitshouldrain thecropswouldbesaved Shoulditrain thecropswouldbesaved Ifitweretorain thecropswouldbesaved Wereittorain thecropswouldbesaved asif asthough从句 翻译 听力 作文 与if引导的非真实条件句用法相同 表示和事实相反 或不太可能发生的情况Shespoketomeasifiweredeaf注意 asif asthough还用陈述语气表示事实或有很大可能性 常常是在系动词之后 look seem taste smell sound等 例如 Therearecloudsinthesky itlooksasifitisgoingtorain Itseemsasiftheboyhaslosthisway Helooksasifheisgoingtopass Wish后的that从句 翻译 听力 作文 结构 主语 wish that 从句过去式wish接宾语从句有三种情况 1 现在 用过去式2 过去 用过去完成式 haddone 3 将来 用情态动词 would could doIwishIpassedCET4 I msorryIdon tpassCET4 Hewishedhehadn tsaidthat Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 如果wish改为wished that从句中动词形式不变IwishedIwereyoung 用was一般为非正式场合 Hope后面用陈述语气Ihopehearrivesontime Ifonly感叹句 翻译 听力 用法与wish一样 表示 但愿 要是 就好 IfonlyIpassedCET4Ifonlyshehadaskedsomeone sadvice I msorrythatshedidn taskanyone sadvice onlyif表示 只有 Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings Should 动词原形 表示虚拟 翻译 听力 作文 宾语从句 在suggest等表示命令 建议 要求等意义的动词后面Isuggestthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 一想要 desire 二宁愿 prefer 三命令 mand 四建议 advice suggest propose 五要求 demand require request desire insist 将上述动词转换为名词 宾语从句转换为主语 表语或同位语从句 同用虚拟 desire preference order command advice suggestion proposal demand requirement request insistenceMysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingnextweek Imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 主语从句Itisdemanded necessary apity that 结构表语可以是三类词 1 suggested ordered required proposed demanded requested insisted等表示命令 建议 要求等的动词的被动语态2 important necessary essential reasonable proper natural imperative strange 等表示主观看法的形容词3 apity ashame nowonder等表示感情色彩的名词Itissuggestedthatweshouldholdameetingnextweek Itisstrangethatsheshouldbeabsenttoday Itisnecessarythateveryonebehereontime 其他虚拟句式 it s about high timethat 主语 动词过去式 翻译 作文 表示 该是 的时候了 用过去式虚拟表示主观设想Itis about timeyouwereinbedIt s high time that youworkedhard句型对比 It stime for 宾语 todo陈述语气表示事实It sthefirst second third time that从句从句中的动词一般用完成时态表示过去的经历 Wouldratherthat 主语 动词过去式 翻译 听力 作文 表示 宁愿 用过去式表示不是事实Iwouldrather that Iwonthelottery forfearthat incase lest 以防万一should could might 动词原形PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowlestI should forget Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathiefshouldcomein forfearthat incase也可以用于陈述语气 后跟各种时态但是 lest后只接虚拟 介词短语butfor without 要不是 表示含蓄的条件 这时要用虚拟语气 翻译 听力 作文 Without Butforyourhelp wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress 固定句式wereitnotfor haditnotbeenfor 要不是 Wereitnotforyourhelp Iwouldneverbeagoodboss Haditnotbeenforyou Iwouldhavelostmyway 1 Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner要安装在窗户旁 2010062 Youwouldnothavefailedifyou 按照我的指令去做 2009123 Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier Mary 就不会被大雨淋湿了 2009064 You dbettertakeasweaterwithyou 以防天气变冷 2008125 Thevictim 本来会有机会活下来 ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime2006126 Theprofessorrequiredthat 我们交研究报告 byWednesday 2006067 Iwish 今天早晨能多睡一会 butIhadtogetupandcometoschool 8 如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票 wewouldhavehadquiteacomfortablejourney should beset fixed installedbythewindowhadfollowedmyinstructions orders wordswouldn thavebeencaughtint