河南开封市高考英语一轮 阅读理解训练（1）.doc

开封市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（1）附答案社会生活类-2012四川卷 on a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. the views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. each look reminds us where we are. there is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. as they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple(枫树)makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.the air is clean and fresh. the water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.the_seasons_change_just_outside_the_door. we watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars(杨树) putting out the first green leaves of spring. the rainbow smelt fills the local stream as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. a family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.41. what can be learned from paragraph 2?athe scenes are colorful and changeable.bthere are many windows in the wooden house.cthe views remind us that we are in a wooden house.dthe lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.42. by mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that _.athe kids like playing in treesbthe kids are very familiar with treescthe kids have learned much knowledgedthe kids find trees useful learning tools43. what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?athe change of seasons is easily felt.bthe seasons make the scenes change.cthe weather often changes in the forest.dthe door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.44. what is the main purpose of the author writing the text?ato describe the beauty of the scene around the house.bto introduce her childrens happy life in the forest.cto show that living in the forest is healthful.dto share the joy of living in the nature.【要点综述】本文为记叙文，描述了作者与家人身居大自然中的切身感受。文章主要展示了作者居住环境的优美和在此美景中生活的惬意。41. a推理判断题。本段中提到，每面窗户都会有一幅不同的风景，森林和湖泊与一小时之前所见到的都不一样。据此可知，作者身居的环境是多彩和变化的。故选a。42. c推理判断题。根据第四段话中“our kids have learned the names of the treesas they tell allwhite pines are the best climbing trees.”可知孩子们已经了解了周围环境包括树在内的很多知识。故答案选c。43. a推理判断题。根据本段对于周围大自然的变化的描述可知，作者身处此地，能够很容易地感觉到季节的变换。故答案为a。44. d推理判断题。此题推测文章的写作目的。通读全文，不难了解，作者是与读者分享身居大自然中的快乐生活。故答案为d。*结束 washington: a research conducted at the university of maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends. it suggests that the kids decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed. they take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. instead it has to do with what we refer to as group membership such as gender, race, nation, and culture, says professor melanie killen, the associate director of the centre for children relationships and culture at maryland, who led the 4-year project. reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness. the study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group - the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. while the former says that childrens rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion. it was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids acceptance as friends. with age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. with this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint, says killen. the researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.9. while making friends, kids think more about the following except _. a. social skills b. culture c. race d. gender10. the underlined word deficit in paragraph 5 may mean “_”. a. skill b. relationship c. weakness d. experience11. one of the major purposes of the research is to _. a. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion b. remind children to be careful while making friends c. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers d. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model12. while making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _. a. keep their groups purer b. make their groups more socially powerful c. refuse other customs and cultures d. prove their groups to be strict13. the proper title for this passage is _.a. techniques of making friends b. social communication among kids c. making friends - a special culture d. kids complex way of making friends参考答案 accbd *结束阅读下列短文，然后按要求完成读写任务microwaves may be great at warming up food，but what about warming people?using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture.and despite popular ideas about microwaves，this technique would be safe，according to charles rburlier of the microwave research center in marlborough，new hampshire.lowpower microwaves only penetrate (贯穿)the skin (lowpower microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches，for example)and with no negative effects.to test this idea，buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500watt,2,459 mhz magnetron (磁控管)he found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter (mw./ sq.cm.)；a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw./ sq.cm.by comparison，a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw./ sq.cm.and a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1,000 mw./ sq.cm.in houses of the future，each room could be provided with its own magnetron，says buffler.when you stepped into the living room，for example，a motion detector (运动感应器)would turn on the magnetron，filling the room with lowpower microwaves.in the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger，but not the plate its on，you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table.you could，however，make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiationabsorbing chemical.while it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up wholebody microwave heaters in houses，buffler says microwaves may attract livestock(家畜)farmers.lambs that are born outdoors in winter，for example，are frequently lost to cold.microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly.以约30词概括文章大意_.根据短文内容选择最佳答案1which of the following can tell the main idea of the passage?aa new heating system. ba new microwave oven.ca popular technique. dthe magnetron.2according to paragraph 2，which of the following does not describe the characteristics of a microwave heater?ait directly heats people in a room.bit heats walls and furniture in a room.cit is safe.dit saves energy.3the test conducted by buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth，he receives about _.a20 mw./ sq.cm. b40 mw./ sq.cm.c60 mw./ sq.cm. d85 mw./ sq.cm.4according to paragraph 4，which of the following fills the room with lowpower microwaves?athe magnetron.bthe motion detector.cthe microwave oven.dthe radiationabsorbing chemical.5which of the following statements about microwave heaters would buffler most probably agree with?amicrowave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners.bmicrowave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable.cperhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers，who wish to protect their lambs in winter.dmicrowave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are somewhat unsafe.参考答案the passages introduces a new heat system which can heat people directly by using a magnetron controlled by a motion detector.thus we can save energy wasted by heating walls and furniture.(32 words)1解析：全文介绍了一种新的加热系统， 包括它的工作原理、使用方法等。答案：a2解析：从第二段的第一句save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture可知答案。答案：b3解析：从a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw./ sq.cm.得知答案。答案：b 4.解析：从each room could be provided with its own magnetron可知答案。答案：a 5.解析：从最后一段可知答案。答案：c*结束passage 4intellectual property (ip) is a product of the mind that has commercial valuethe concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect ip rights was passedip rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by anotherfor example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by ip rightsif someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its useback in the 17th century, ip rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literaturein recent years, ip rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the internetmany years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book storein those day