语法讲解(一般将来时) (1).doc

初中英语语法讲解（一般将来时）编稿老师张春燕一校林卉二校黄楠审核潘亮一般将来时一、be going to 表示将来时【教材原句】Im going to study computer science. 我打算学习电脑科学。How are you going to do that? 你打算怎么去做？【概念】be going to，它是一般将来时的一种特殊结构。用来表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事，所以常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year(week, month, term etc), in a few years等连用。【用法】表示单纯的将来，通常是指事情在不久的将来就要发生，常用在口语中。What is going to happen?什么事将会发生呢？表示现在的打算，指人们现在打算将要做某事。Im going to be an actor.我打算当一名演员。表示估计或预料，指根据现在的客观情况或已有的迹象，推测某种事态将会发生，而且进程已经开始。Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.看那些乌云，天快下雨了。【句式】1. 肯定句：主语+ be going to + 动词原形+其他。（be随主语人称变化而变化）Bill is going to learn skating this winter. 比尔打算今年冬天学滑冰。2. 否定句：主语+be + not going to +动词原形+其他。Bill is not going to learn skating this winter. 比尔不打算今年冬天学滑冰。3. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：主语+ be.否定回答：主语+ be not.Is Bill going to learn skating this winter? 比尔打算今年冬天学滑冰吗？Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. 是的。/不。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be + 主语+ going to + 动词原形+ 其他？What is Bill going to do this winter? 比尔打算今冬做什么？ 【拓展】There be句型与be going to 结构连用时，表示为：There is(are) going to be+名词+其他。【例句】There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 下周将举行一次运动会。There are going to be two football matches this weekend. 这个周末将有两场足球比赛。【考题链接】1. Lets discuss the plan, shall we?Not now. I _ to an interview.A. go B. went C. am going D. was going中国教&*%育出版网答案：C思路分析：根据答语“不是现在”可知“我要去参加一次面试”，故用一般将来时。选C项。2. Why are you in such a hurry, John?There a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.A. is going to beB. is going to haveC. will haveD. will hold答案：A思路分析：根据in ten minutes可知用一般将来时；主语a basketball match是单数，故可用There is going to be或There will be，浏览各选项可知A项正确。二、will/shall动词原形表示将来时【教材原句】Kids will study at home on computers. 孩子们将通过电脑在家中学习。People wont use money. 人们将不使用金钱。Will people use money in 100 years? 100年后人们将使用金钱吗？No, they wont. 不，不会。Will people live to be 200 years old? 人们将活到200岁吗？Yes, they will. 是的。【概念】表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：My brother will watch a football match on TV this evening.我弟弟今天晚上将通过电视看一场足球比赛。【构成】主语+ will/ shall + 动词原形+其他。will 适用于所有人称，而shall只适用于第一人称I和we。在疑问句中，主语为第一人称(I 和we)时，用助动词shall。there be句型的一般将来时为：There will be +其他。Shall I go out for a walk? 我可以出去散步吗？There will be less pollution in the future. 将来会有更少的污染。【句式】否定句will/ shall 后接not，分别缩写为wont/ shant；疑问句将will/shall 提到主语前。简略肯定回答：Yes, 主语+will. 简略否定回答：No, 主语+wont.He wont go to school this afternoon. 今天下午他不去上学了。Will they visit their grandparents next weekend? 下个周末他们去探望他们的祖父母吗？Yes, they will. / No, they wont. 是的，他们去。/ 不，他们不去。【时间状语】这一时态常用的时间状语有：tomorrow( morning, afternoon, evening), next time, in a month, from now on, soon 等。Ill be more careful from now on. 从现在起我会更加小心的。【拓展】一般将来时的其他形式：除be going to 结构外，还有：现在进行时也可表示将来，通常表示已安排好的活动或事情。动词常为表示位置转移的动词，come, go, leave, start等。Hes leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天要出发去上海。【考题链接】1. Put your hands behind your back. Dont speak. Well _ in ten minutes.A. back B. be back C. are back D. are back to you答案：B思路分析：根据 “ll” 可知后接动词原形，故选B项。2. Were glad to hear that the Greens _to a new flat next week.A. move B. moved C. will move D. have moved答案：C思路分析：根据next week可知时态用一般将来时，故选C项。3. There _ a talk by Yang Liwei tomorrow morning in our school,A. was B. will be C. have D. has答案：B思路分析：根据There可知是考查There be的正确形式；tomorrow morning表示将来，故用一般将来时，B项正确。（答题时间：40分钟）. 单项选择1. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watch B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch 2. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to beD. will going to be3. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back4. _ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be5. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be6. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work 7. He _ very busy this week, but he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be 8. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be9. There _a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be 10. _you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be 11. Mother _me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give12. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. (不，不要。) A. No, you wont B. No, you arent C. No, please dont D. No, please13. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once. A. get B. is getting C. to get D. will get14. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there beC. There can be D. There are15. He _her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give16. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?No, _.A. they willnt B. they wont C. they arent D. they dont17. Who _we _swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. does; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go18. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing19. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go20. Next weekend, he _ a game show.A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch21. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to beD. will going to be22. He _there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. is C. will be D. be23. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _.A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming24. _ open the window?A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you 25. The train _ at 11.A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving. 句型转换1. Cheng Ling is going to be an engineer. (改为否定句) Cheng Ling _ _ to be an engineer.2. His mother is going to hold art exhibitions. (改为一般疑问句)_ his mother _ to hold art exhibitions?3. Were going to move to the seaside. (对画线部分提问)_ _ you going to move?4. Im going to move somewhere interesting. (对画线部分提问)_ _ _ going to move?5. Im going to be a pilot when I grow up. (对画线部分提问)_ are you going to _ when you grow up?6. China will be a modern and strong country in twenty years.(改为一般疑问句)_ China _ a modern and strong country in twenty years?7. Will you study hard from now on? (作肯定回答)_, I _.8. She will speak English at the meeting before long. (改为否定句)She _ _ English at the meeting before long.9. There will be two cinemas in that town next year. (改为否定句)There _ _ two cinemas in that town next year.10. He comes back late. (用in two days改写句子)He _ _ back late in two days. 1. A 解析：时间状语 the day after tomorrow表示将来，故用一般将来时，排除B, C两项；they是第三人称复数，故D项中的is改为are也正确，只有A项符合。2. B 解析：There be的一般将来时可以是：There will be，也可以是There is/ are going to be；浏览各选项可知B项正确。3. C 解析：in three days意为“三天后”，故用一般将来时；排除A, B两项；D项coming应为come，故选C项。4. B 解析：根据时间状语可判断用一般将来时；Will后接动词原形be，故B项正确。5. C 解析：主语是第三人称单数，故用there is going to be或there will be。选项C正确。6. D 解析：根据next month可知时态用一般将来时；C项中的working错误，只有D项正确。7. D 解析：next week是一般将来时的标志词，故排除A, B两项；前半句只是说明本周的情况，用一般现在时，故选D项。8. D 解析：句首有there，说明用there be的正确形式，B, C两项错误；tomorrow evening是一般将来时的标志，故排除A项。9. C 解析：根据tomorrow afternoon可知时态用一般将来时；故选C项。10. D 解析：根据时间状语tomorrow, th