重庆市渝中区高考英语阅读理解4月训练题（4）(1).doc

重庆市渝中区2014高考英语阅读理解4月训练题（4）及答案【2013界广东珠海市高三上期末质量监测】 anger is good for you as long as you control it properly，according to new psychology researcha new study from carnegie mellon university shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier“here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger，”said jennifer lerner of carnegie mellon“the more people display anger，the lower their stress responseslerner studied 92 ucla students by asking them to count back from 6，200they must say out loud every thirteenth numberresearchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questionsif they made any mistakes，they had to restart from the very beginningmany students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the testthe researchers describe their reactions as fear，anger and disgustother researchers recorded the students blood pressure，pulse and production of a highstress hormone（荷尔蒙）called cortis01people whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormoneboth can have lasting effects such as diabetes（糖尿病），heart disease，depression and extra weight gainwhen people feel fear，negative impacts increase, but when they get angry，those negatives go down，according to the study “having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening situation，”lerner saidlerner previously studied americans emotional response to the 911 terrorist attacks two months after the incidentshe found people who reacted with anger were more optimisticthese people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the eventso in maddening situations，anger is not a bad thing to haveits a healthier response than fear36which statement will jennifer lerner agree with?aits better to be angry than to be frightened in maddening situationsbdifferent reactions reflect different outlooks on lifecdont control your anger and it makes you powerfuldpessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。根据she found people who reacted with anger were more optimisticthese people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event生气比害怕对于健康来说要好的多，故选a。37what does the underlined word “both” in the fifth paragraph refer to according to the passage?afear and angerbblood pressure and pulsecblood pressure and cortisonedhigher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据people whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone可知这里指的是高血压和高的荷尔蒙的，故选d。 38the researchers made the experimented students angry by _arecording their performance secretlybasking them to count to 6,200 again and againcdisturbing them and making them start ail over againdcriticizing them when they made mistakes【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.通过打扰他们使他们生气，故选c。39in what ways can anger be beneficial to people?aby showing their optimistic sidebby reducing their stresscby reducing high blood pressuredby taking the place of fear【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据a new study from carnegie mellon university shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier可以减少压力，故选b。40 what is this passage mainly about?athe findings of new psychology researchbwhat you can do with anger in certain casescdifferent effects produced by anger and feardhealthier responses in maddening situations【答案】a 【解析】主旨大意题。根据a new study from carnegie mellon university shows anger可知这是一下短文主要叙述的是新的研究发现生气能够减轻人们的压力而使身体更加健康，故选a。passage twenty (ncb in interpol)the organization known to the world as interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. less flatteringly, interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.as with most generalities, there is some truth in both statements. there are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with interpol. there are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of paper whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life. consider the charisma of the name alone: interpol, the international police force. continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep. surprisingly, a lot of it happens almost that way.four groups coordinate and direct the activities of interpol. one of them is the national central bureaus, or ncbs, bodies designated by the member nations to serve as their link with interpol. these are the front-line troops, the action people. in the united states, the treasury department is the national central bureau. in the united kingdom, it is scotland yard; the questura in italy and the melbourne city police in australia. because police organization varies from country, the ncbs were established to act as the one special group to handle interpol chores and unsure maximum cooperation between nations. each ncb is usually an official government body with police powers if a country has only one central police authority, that body becomes the national centre bureau. of course, any service appointed as an ncb is bound to its nations law and authority and retains its national title.each ncb is connected by radio to the regional station for its geographic zone. the regional stations are connected to the central station in france. the radio network is versatile. network stations can monitor the central station or any regional station. because of this messages can be broadcast to more than one station at a time. a coding system determines the urgency of each message so that those with high priority can be given precedence. besides, other communication tools, such as radio-teleprinters and phototelegraphy equipment. permit rapid transfers of fingerprints and photographs. sometimes ever more advanced technology is employed. when the police all over the world were looking for a canadian named george leray, they turned to the early bird satellite. leray had led his gang on a daring holdup of a montreal bank and gotten away with $4 million. scotland yard broadcast lerays photo to the world by satellite. an american who saw the picture in florida recognized leray as a man who was living on a yacht in fort lauderdale under an assumed name. the police were alerted and arrested leray.1. what is the best title for this passage?a. the function of the interpol. . the quality of the interpol.c. the organization of the interpol. d. the rapid development of the interpol.2. the organization of this passage is a. general to specific. . cause and effect.c. comparison and contrast. d. development.3. the sentence “stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to a. a lot of employees busying in their work. many office workers busying with various documents.c. crowded with office workers busying with their own collected data.d. workers busying in their own information.4. which is the easiest tool to communicate?a. satellite. . radio. teleprinter. d. phototelegraphy.vocabulary1. interpol 国际刑警组织2. outfit 全班人马，有组织团体3. chisel-jawed 仪表英俊的4. gimlet-eyed 目光锐利的5. jeopardy 危险6. flatteringly 奉承7. choke 闷死 choking on their own statistics 被自己的统计数字弄的喘不过气来8. as with most generalities 和大多数笼统说法一样9. grim 冷酷的10. drone 懒汉，懒洋洋的人11. shuffle 反复挪动，乱翻，洗（纸牌）12. charisma 超凡的魅力13. national central bureaus 国家中心局14. treasury department 财政部（美）15. questura 警察局（意）16. melbourne 墨尔本警察局17. chore 日常零星工作18. to be bound to 受的约束，义务，一定19. geographic zone 地区，地带20. versatile 有多方面用途的21. radio-teleprinter 无线电打印机22. phototelegraph 传真23. daring 大胆的24. holdup 抢劫25. alert 使警惕，使处于待命状态难句译注1. the organization known to the world as interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. less flatteringly, interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.结构简析 两个句子都是被动语气，都有分词短语。前一句known 修饰organization，后一句stuffed 修饰 cabinet.参考译文 闻名于世的国际刑警组织长被描述成一群仪表英俊，目光犀利和罪犯斗争的战士的群体组织。他们的生命无时无刻不处于危险之中。国际刑警组织也被描述为一个大型的档案室，里面挤满了工作人员，他们被自己的统计数字忙得喘不过气来。2. there are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with interpol. there are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of paper whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life.结构简析 这是两个句子，都是引导词there句型。参考译文 这里肯定能见到和罪犯斗争的冷酷无情的斗士在国际刑警组织工作，同样可以肯定，这里有那些懒洋洋的人在翻动如山的文件档案，他们的脸颊由于室内生活而消瘦如刀。3. continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep.结构简析 这是省略句。正常句型应该是continents are leaped in，oceans are crossed in, villains are watched by 。参考译文 大洲可一步跨过。大洋可以在转眼之间越过，坏蛋可以由日夜不眠的眼睛紧盯着。4. these are the front-line troops, the action people.参考译文 这些人是前线军，具体行动的人（执行人）。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍国际刑警组织的文章。采用一般到具体的写作方法。头二段是对国际刑警组织的一般介绍，后面是具体到ncb，组成国际刑警组织四个部门之一国家中心局是各国负责和国际刑警保持联系部门，如英国的苏格兰场，美国的财政部等，最后一段讲联系的多种渠道和方式方法。答案祥解1. c. 国际刑警组织。上面文章大意已经说明介绍国际刑警组织，其职能性质只是附带涉及。所以a. b. 不对。 d. 迅速发展，文章没有涉及。2. a. 文章是一般到具体的组织结构。b. 因果 和 c. 对比。 不对。 d. 展开，任何文章都得展开。3. c. stuff=crowd 办公室挤满了工作人员，忙于分析处理收集来的信息和数据。见难句译注1参考译文。a. 有许多雇员忙于工作； b. 许多办公室人员忙于各种文件； d. 忙于自己信息的工人。 这三项都没有。4. b. 无线电通讯。纵然第四段内提及种种手段：卫星，无线电，打印机，传真电报。但无线电通讯仍是他们运用的最方便和最得力的工具，因为他们的无线电网络灵活多用，网络站能监控中央和各地区站点，而且一次能把信息传至好几台。至于卫星，电报，传真电报只是在特殊情况下运行，如快速传送照片，指纹等。所以a. 卫星， c. 无线电打印机， d. 传真电报，不对。【2013界广东省深圳市一模】at railway stations all across britain next week, groups of students will gather with their backpacks to wait for the trains that will carry them home for christmas. this is as large a movement of human beings as before, but with more contradictory traffic flows, so that trains filled with the young pass each other travelling in every direction.at first, i went home every weekend with my washing, but then those visits became less regular. how did i let my parents know i was coming? they had no phone. perhaps i wrote to them (expect me with dirty shirts this friday afternoon), but more likely i didnt let them know, and just turned up or didnt turn up, not understanding that my parents dashed hopes of seeing me were a greater casualty of my carelessness than a spoiled tea. and in all this i suspect i was typical, at least of young men. as for our fathers and mothers, none of them talked of empty-nest syndrome, even though its implication that the principal human duty is to protect and feed the young would have suited their generation better than ours. then, the feelings of loss went without a name. today, its a condition with remedies, which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life. the mayo clinic, for example, suggests you try to maintain regular contact with your children through visits, phone calls, emails, texts or video chats. if you feel depressed, lean on loved ones or your mental health provider. above all, stay positive: thinking about the extra time and energy you might have to devote to your marriage or personal interests after your last child leaves home might help you adapt to this major life change.what cant be denied, however, is that children often leave home. in modern societies, this is what they do. christmas is the very time they can be depended on to return. for the non-religious, that may be this seasons true comfort and significance.文章大意：本文是一篇故事，讲述了圣诞前夕英国大批青年学生乘火车回家，由此引发了作者回顾自我的经历并意识到，当年他根本没有意识到父母对孩子的关爱。文章还给上了年纪的人如何排解空巢的孤独感和孩子们一些建议。31the main reason for the busy traffic across britain next week is that .ayoung students will travel home for christmasbyoung people will travel in every directioncit is a large movement of human beingsdthe traffic flows will be more contradic