定语从句PPT课件73614.ppt

定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 分词 不定式 介词短语等来担任 修饰名词 以分词 介词短语为例 例 ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk 定语从句在英语中 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句 例 ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk eg TheboywhoisreadingisTom 先行词 关系代词 Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks 先行词 关系副词 放在名词或代词后面 由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister SheworksinShanghai 代替sister普通代词 只起代替的作用 如上例she Ihaveasisterwho thatworksinShanghai 关系代词 如上例who which 1 代替先行词 2 它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分 3 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句 把主句和从句连起来 Thebuildingisourschool Thebuildingstandsbytheriver 关系代词的使用取决于先行词 它们的关系非常密切 因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词 所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后 而且它的人称 数必须和先行词一致 Thebuildingwhich thatstandsbytheriverisourschool 先行词关系词定语从句 which that是关系代词 它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding 同时担任从句中的主语 也起连词的作用 把两个简单句连接起来 关系词判断步骤 首先 要看先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系代词可用who that whom whose 如果先行词指物 关系代词可用which或that 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 最后 定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致 注 定语从句的时态不受主句的限制 Thewomanwho thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother 主句 Thewomanismymother 叙述客观事实用一般现在时 从句 Thewoman who that spokeatthemeetingyesterday 句中yesterday表示过去时间 thetallthestrongtheclever boy TheboyisTom TheboywhoistallisTom TheboywhoisstrongisTom TheboywhoiscleverisTom TheboyisTom Theboyissmiling TheboyisTom Theboyhasaroundface TheboywhoissmilingisTom 主语 TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom TheboyisTom Hesitsinfrontofme TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom Themaniskind Everyonelikeshim Theman who everyonelikesiskind 宾语 Thewomangotthejob Wesawheronthestreet Thewoman whom wesawonthestreetgotthejob Theteacherwillgiveusatalk Wemettheteacheryesterday Theteacher whom wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk 关系代词 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 Theman who Italkedwithisourteacher Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief 2 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Theman whom who ItalkedtoisMr Li ThemantowhomItalkedisMr Li 关系代词 3 whose是代词的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 Pleaseshowmethebook Itscoverisred Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred Isawawoman Herbagwasstolen Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen apple theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhichisredismine Theapplewhichisgreenisyours Theapplewhichisredissmall Theapplewhichisgreenisbig Canyoufindthepen Iwrotewithitjustnow CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow Canyoufindthepen which Iwrotewithjustnow 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear TheTVset which heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan Isthisthelibrary which youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks 1 Thisisthehero whom weareproudof Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud Thisisthehero that weareproudof 2 Theroom that Iliveinisverybig Theroom which Iliveinisverybig TheroominwhichIliveisverybig TheroomwhereIliveisverybig 注意 固定动介词组不可分割 介词不能提前 例如 lookafter lookat 关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前面时 介词宾语只能用which代物 用whom代人 介词在末尾时 关系词可以省略 定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that 而不宜用which1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory that Ihaveeverheard Thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行词是something nothing anything等不定代词时Hereissomething that Iwilltellyou 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that Isee 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little much few no all some any theonly thevery thesame thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant Ihaven tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用who 不用that1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 它和关系代词一样 在从句中代替先行词 在句中作状语 where 在从句中作地点状语 指代地点 when 在从句中作时间状语 指代时间 1 Thehotelwasn tclean Westayedatthehotel Thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn tclean Thehotel which westayedatwasn tclean 2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague I llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday Thescientist wemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld whomthat 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew which 3 Heisthekindperson Ihaveeverworkedwithhim 4 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseenthisfilm HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith whom ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 单项选择 1 Thisisthejob theylaughedat A whichB asC itD who2 BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago A wherewasB thatwereC whichwasD where3 Whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting A wesawhimB wesawC wesawwhoD shewasseen4 Theman ispaintingthehouseismyuncle A heB whomC whoseD who5 Whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket A whoB whoseC itsD which A C B D B 6 Thisbookisforthestudents nativelanguageisn tEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whoseD who s7 Therobbersshouted Handsup I llshootanyone moves A whomB thatC whoD whose8 Thedictionary hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful A whichB forwhichC onwhichD aboutwhich9Theboy parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow A whoseB whoC hisD 10 Theman issmokingisabusdriver A whomB whoC whichD what C C A A B 根据汉语完成句子 1 Thisistheengineer 给我们作关于计算机报告的 theotherday 2 Mynecklaceisnot 唯一不见的东西 3 Theman 在这间房子里工作的 isanEnglishteacher 4 Theoldbuilding 我们住的 hasbeenherefor30years 5 Thehistorybook 封皮是黄的 waslost whogaveusatalkaboutcomputers theonlythingthat smissing whoworksintheroom that which welivein whosecoverisyellow 根据汉语完成句子 6 Hereisthepen 你昨天丢失的 7 Thisisthebestbook 我读过的 8 Ihavelostthepen 我父亲给我买的 9