直接引语变间接引语的讲解56376.ppt

Directspeech直接引语Indirectspeech间接引语 直接引述别人的话 要加引号 用自己的话转述别人的话 不用引号 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式 原封不动地引用原话 把它放在括号内 这叫直接引语 二 用自己的话加以转述 这叫间接引语 人称的变化 一随主 二随宾 三不变 引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变 Shesaid IlikeTennis Shesaidthatshelikedtennis HesaidtoLily youmustgetupearly HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly Shesaidtome Theywanttohelphim Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim 一随主 二随宾 三不变 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变 一般将来时 过去将来时 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则 记住 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语和动词的变化 this that these those now then thatday today yesterday thedaybefore tomorrow thenextday nextweek month year thenextweek month year here there come go thisweek thatweek 一 如何变人称 口诀 一随主 二随宾 第三不变 一随主 是指在直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰 从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如 Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher Theboysaid I mreadingabook Theboysaid that hewasreadingabook Reportedspeech间接引语 二随宾 是指直接引语变间接引语时 若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致 如果引号外的主句没有宾语 也可以用第一人称 如 HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人称不更新 是指直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如 Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodboy Mr SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy Practice 1 Hesaid Mybrotherfailedintheexam Hesaid brotherhadfailedintheexam 2 HesaidtoMary Howisyourmothernow heaskedMaryhow motherwasthen 3 Myteachersaid sheisagoodstudent Myteachersaid wasagoodstudent4 Hesaidtome I veleftherbookinyourroom Hetoldmethat hadleft bookin room his her she he her my her she Hesays IsTomastudentorateacher HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher Heaskedme Doyoulikeplayingfootball Heaskedmeif whetherIlikedplayingfootball Mysisteraskedme Whatisyourfriend Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas Jackaskedme Howdoyoulikethefilm JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm Thesoliderordered Bequiet Thesoliderorderedustobequiet Hesaidtoher Openthedoor please Heaskedhertoopenthedoor Shesays IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth Shesays that shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth Heoftensays Ishalltellyouaboutthem Heoftentellsmethathewilltellmeaboutthem 记住 动词时态的变化 1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句 变为间接引语时 用连词that引导 that在口语中常省略 一般现在时Hesaid IcandowellinEnglish 现在进行时Hesaid I mwritingaletter 一般将来时Tomsaidtome Iwillcallyoutomorrow 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish Hesaidthathewaswritingaletter Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday 注 如果主句是一般现在时 直接引语变间接引语时 从句的时态不变 Hesays I mnotgoodatmath Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath 注意 1 如果在当天转述today yesterday tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变 2 如果在当地转述 here不必改为there 动词come不必改为go 3 当转述客观真理时 直接引语变为间接引语时 时态不变 如 1 Hesaid Themoonmovesaroundtheearth Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth 4 为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时 也经常用一般现在时 Myteachersaid Tomisagoodstudent MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent Icanspeakthreelanguages Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages Whatdidhesay IammadatMarcia HesaidhewasmadatMarcia Whatdidhesay Whatdidtheysay TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana shewashard working Iamhard working Whatdidshesay Shesaid shewasnotlazy Whatdidshesay Shesaid Iamnotlazy hewasgoodatplayingbasketball Whatdidhesay Hesaid I mgoodatplayingbasketball IamgoodatEnglish ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish Whatdidshesay Whatdidshesay IdowellinEnglish ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish dowellin IdowellinEnglish IgotobeacheverySunday Whatdidhesay Hesaidhe wenttobeacheverySunday Whatdidshesay Shesaidshe wouldcallmetomorrow Iwillcallyoutomorrow Whatareyoudoing Sheaskedme Iwasdoing what WhydoyoulikeEnglish Heaskedme IlikedEnglish why Wheredoeshelive Sheaskedme helived where Howdoesshegotoschool Sheaskedme Shewenttoschool how Doyouknowmyname Sheaskedme Iknewhername Whether if 是否 Whendoyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim when youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhenhehadmath Summary 总结 1 特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语 Doyouhavemath Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if youhavemath youhavemath he had Theyaskedhimwhether ifhehadmath 2 一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语 将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语 1 Lanasaid I mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria Canyouplaythepiano Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim Whether if Youcanplaythepiano youcanplaythepiano he could Theyaskedhimwhether ifhecouldplaythepiano Shesaidtome Whyareyouinterestedinscience Sheaskedme interestedinscience 2 Heaskedhim whenwillyoubuytheredcoat Heaskedhim buytheredcoat 3 Shirleyaskedme Wherewereyouborn Shirleyaskedme born 4 What swrongwithyou Lilyaskedme Lilyaskedme with 5 Thegirlaskedme Whathappened Thegirlaskedme Exercises whyIwas whenhewould whereIwas whatwaswrongme whathappened 1 Whereisshefrom Heaskedwhereshewasfrom 2 Howoldarethey Heaskedhowoldtheywere 3 What stheweatherliketoday Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday 4 Howdoyougotoschool Heaskedhowyouwenttoschool 5 Whoissinging Heaskedwhowassinging 6 Whendoyougetup HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup 直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化 hereoverheretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlastweek month year nextweek month year agothedayaftertomorrowthisthesecomebring thereovertherethatnightthenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaytheweek moth year before thenextweek month year beforetwodayslaterthatthosegotake 1 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则 2 直接引语中的指示代词转换规则 3 直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go 4 直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there 5 如果是在当天或在原地转达 则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变 注意 this that these those 2 Theteachersaid Mystudentsarehard working Theteachersaidthathis herstudentswerehardworking 3 TomtoldJane Iwilllendmybicycletoyou TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher Jane 5 Shesaidtohim It stimetogohome 4 Mr Wangsaid IwillleaveforShanghainextmonth Mr WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth Shetoldhimthatitwastimetogohome 2 直接引语如果是疑问句 变为间接引语时 要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 1 一般疑问句 用whether或if 是否 引导 主句中的动词是said时改为asked 没有间接宾语的 可以加一个间接宾语me him her Eg Hesaid Areyouastudent 疑问语序 Heaskedmewhether ifIwasastudent 陈述语序 2 特殊疑问句 由直接引语变为间接引语时 仍用原来的疑问词引导 要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 Eg Whereareyougoing Fatheraskedhisson Eg Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy Wheredoyoulive Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing 疑问语序 陈述语序 疑问语序 陈述语序 3 当直接引语是祈使句 变为间接引语时 间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell ask order 等 而把直接引语的祈使句变成带 not to的不定式短语 句型 tell ask ordersb not todosth如 1Theteachersaidtothestudents Stoptalking 老师对学生们说 不要讲话了 Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking 老师让学生们不要说话了 2 Theteachersaidtous Don tplayinclass Theteachertold askedusnottoplayinclass Changethedirectspeechintoreportedspeech 1Thegirlsaid Iwillhaveaparty Thegirlsaid that shewouldhaveaparty 2Heaskedme Isyourfatheradoctor Heaskedmeif whethermyfatherwasadoctor 3Thepoliceaskedtheman Whereareyougoing Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing 4MothersaidtoTom getupearlier Mothertold askedTomtogetupearlier 5Theteachersaidtous Don ttalkinclass Theteachertold askedusnottotalkinclass 6Theteachersaid Themoongoesaroundtheearth Theteachersaid that themoongoesaroundtheearth 1 IamgoodatEnglish Lucysaid 2 LiLeiisreadingabook PetersaidtoLucy 3 Wewillhaveafootballmatch hetoldhismother LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch 二 把下列句子变为间接引语 4 TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday theboysaid TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday 5 Sheaskedme Whydoyouwanttodothis SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat Summary1 当直接引语是陈述句 由 that 引导主语 said that 句子