江苏省高三英语考前赢分30天第01天.doc

江苏省2013年高三英语考前赢分30天第01天核心知识冠词的用法冠词分为定冠词 (the) 和不定冠词 (a, an)。一、定冠词the的用法1特指某些人或物，其意思接近指示代词this, that, 这种情况称为“特指”。2前面提到的名词，再度提到时前面要用the。如：there will be a video show tonight. the video show will begin at seven.6有些乐器的名称（一般指西洋乐器），表示单位的名词以及最高级的形容词或序数词前面要加the。如：the boy is learning to play the piano.7在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前，如：the yellow river, the himalayas.8在含有普通名词的专有名词前，如：the peoples republic of china9某些建筑物名词前，如：the summer palace.10在报纸、杂志、旅馆、经典等名词前，如：the peoples daily.11某些机关团体等组织名称前，如：the united nations.12在姓名复数形式前，指一家人，如：the wangs have left for qingdao.13球类前面不加定冠词the。二、不定冠词的用法1a用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。2不定冠词的基本用法是指人或事物的某一类，某一类人或事物中的任何一个，或指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物，这种情况称之为“泛指”。如：my father is an engineer.3不定冠词也可用来表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。4有些物质名词或抽象名词加a (n) 可具体化，变成普通 名词，表示一个具体情况或动作或某一类物质，如：maotai is a famous chinese liquor.5用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如：i have three books. i want to buy a fourth one. 我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。三、零冠词的用法1在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如：tianan men square天安门广场，water水。2可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词 (my, your, his, her等)、指示代词 (this / these, that / those)、不定代词 (some, any等) 及所有格限制时。例如：my book (); my the book (x)3复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：they are teachers. 他们是老师。tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉。4在星期，月份，季节，节日前。例如：on sunday在周日，in march在三月，in spring在春天，on womens day在妇女节。5在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：tom汤姆，mum妈妈6在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：i have lunch at school every day.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：no. 2 middle school 第二中学。8某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1) 与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词。(2) 名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹；hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处。(3) 介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上。(4) go短语：go home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼。四、用与不用冠词的差异in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里；go to sea出海/go to the sea去海边；on earth究竟/on the earth在地球上，在世上；in front of在(外部的) 前面/in the front of在(内部的) 前面；take place发生/take the place (of) 代替；at table进餐/at the table在桌子旁；by sea乘船/by the sea在海边；in future从今以后，将来/in the future未来；go to school上学/go to the school 到学校去；on horseback骑着马/on the horseback在马背上；two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)；out of question毫无疑问/out of the question不可能的，办不到的；next year明年/the next year 第二年；a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家。经典例题1. _ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lunch. (2007 广东卷 21)a. a; a b. the; 不填 c. the; a d. a; 不填 2. we went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. (2008 江苏卷 21)a. the; the b. 不填; the c. the; 不填 d. 不填; 不填考前赢分第1天 爱练才会赢当天巩固1. “talking about sports, what do you like?” “i think i like _.” a. football b. a football c. the football d. football game2. “did you come by air?” “no, i came by sea, i had a lovely voyage on _.”a. the queen elizabeth ii b. queen elizabeth iic. a queen elizabeth ii d. the ship of queen elizabeth ii3. john usually has tea for breakfast but he sometimes has coffee _.a. for change b. for the change c. for a change d. for changes4. she always looks her best in _ of that colour.a. dress b. that dress c. a dress d. the dress5. they usually go away on holiday _.a. one time the year b. once a year c. one time in a year d. once in a year6. “does li lin like _?” “i think she does.” a. to play the piano b. to play piano c. playing a piano d. playing piano7. the earthquake happened in _. a. late 1960s b. the late 1960s c. late of 1960s d. late of the 1960s 8. could you tell me _ to the railway station?a. the shortest way b. a shortest way c. that shortest way d. shortest way9. people like to see films on _tv instead of going to_ cinema.a. the, theb. 不填, the c. the, 不填 d. 不填, 不填10. what _ exciting football match! our team beat toms team at last.（2006 福州卷）a. a b. an c. the d. /11. the investigators found that more should be done for _ in india.a. those poor b. a poor c. poor d. the poor12. you look in high spirit. you must have _ during your holiday.a. wonderful time b. a wonderful time c. the wonderful time d. some wonderful time 13. the city assigned a policeman to the school crossing because _ traffic there was soheavy.a. a b. an c. the d. one14. a new teacher was sent to the