英语专业-专八-英美概况复习精华汇总.doc

填空题：1. Britain has a population of about 60.2 million, with some 248 persons living 2. The English people are descendents of Anglo-Saxons, while the Scots Celts.3. The major languages spoken in Britain are English, Caelic and Welsh.4. The church if England is the established church of5. Protestant churches not belonging to Free Baptists The United Reformed Church Quakers and Methodists.6. The British government is established on monarchy7. The present sovereign of British is Queen Elizabeth and Prince Charles8. British has no written constitution customs or conventions and ordinary laws.9. Theoretically, the Queen has all the power the ministers.10. Parliament is the supreme legislative 11. Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.12. The president of the house of lords is the Lord Chancellor, and the presiding “Mr. Speaker”13. Parliaments main functions are debating, making laws and supervising the government and finance.14. For the election purpose 651 one 15. In each constituency there may be majority16. The party the wins the majority17. Central responsibility for the the Lord Chancellor and partly with the Home Scotland Northern Ireland.18. In Britain the law as a whole statutes common19. The criminal law is contained in statutes while previous20. The central courts in Britain include the High Court of Justice Appeal Lords Privy21. The three divisions of the High Chancery Family Queens Bench22. The local courts in England are the magistrates23. In Britain the highest civil court House of Lords24. From the middle of the 5th three Teutonic Denmark25. The early Anglo-Saxons were worshipers of natural forces St. Augustine 7th26. In the late 8th century the Danes Alfred27. From 1017-1042 England Danish28. In early Saxon England the main classes nobles salves29. Feudalism was established in Norman30. Henry 2 is best laws courts.31. Wars of the Roses Lancastrians Yorkists weakened32. The 15th and 16th centuries decline rise33. The enclosure of land turned landless men34. The two major causes of the British Bourgeois Revolution economic Puritans35. The Commoners drew up the Grand Remonstrance in 1641.36. In the First Civil War, the kings Cavaliers Roundheads37. The Second Civil War was 164838. England was cruelly ruled by Cromwell39. In the 17th and 18th Holland France40. After the Seven Years War England become41. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, the Industrial increased cities42. The rapid growth of capitalism miseries disasters43. Oliver Twist was written by Charles Dickens44. The British Empire began Newfoundland end45. The East India Company enlist army enforce law declare war and make peace46. India served as a gangplank for47. The British Empire reached the pinnacle First48. The three features of imperialism expansion capital monopoly49. The two imperialist blocks Triple Alliance Triple Entente50. The Open University is open all51. The academic year for schools begins summer three52. The general pattern for school holidays 2 853. Each state school has a separately established54. Education in Britain is compulsory 55. Primary school pupils are formerly secondary eleven-plus56. Grammar schools are so called because Latin57. Mount Whitney is the highest peak in the US Death58. The central park of US plains59. Alaska includes the mainland Aleutian60. Of the five great lakes, lake Michigan61. The famous Niagara Falls are located62. New England states have a cold climate temperate warm63. Most Americans are of European origin.64. Originally, North America was sprinkled tribes 65. The first colonial people in present day WASPs66. Between 1820 and 1980 5067. Blake people in the US Negro Africa68. Black people were declared free Emancipation Proclamation69. The Constitution of the United federal separation70. The Constitution gives the executive President71. The Cabinet of the American government Department72. In legislation the Present has a veto73. In the United States treaties Senate74. The constitution says that only Congress75. The Department of state is headed Secretary of State76. The Department of Justice is headed Attorney General77. The national parks in the United States are managed Interior78. Congress has the power to make any Senate Representatives79. The two political parties that emerged in 1789 Federal Democratic-Republic/ Anti-Federal 1980. The two parties that have taken turns Democratic Republican81. National conventions of the two parties four Presidential Vice-President platform82. The national committees of the two parties election campaign money83. The party that wins a majority of popular votes84. The presidential candidate who gets electoral85. If no candidate receives a majority House of Representatives Senate86. In 1951 Congress passed an amendment two ten87. If a President dies or resigns the Vice-President88. The earliest inhabitants in America American Indians Asia Bering Strait89. Influenced by Marco Polos famous travel book90. Christopher Columbus discovered 1492 India91. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci92. In the early colonization of Americas Brazil South America Mexico St Lawrence Five Great Lake93. The two joint-stock companies Virginia Company of Plymouth Virginia Company of London94. The first English colony set up Jamestown95. In 1962 a group of Puritans sailed Pilgrims New England96. As a son of the Enlightenment, Benjamin Franklin97. The Enlightenment in America provided theoretical philosophical98. After the French and Indian War Mercantilist markets manufacturing99. One of the Navigation Acts British100. The Declaratory Act passed by Economic101. The British government developed a system of external102. The motto of the colonies was representation103. The United States purchased Louisiana104. In 1819, the United States Spain105. The United States annexed Texas106. The United States forced England Oregon107. In 1867, the United States purchased the territory Czarist Russia108. In February 1861, six of Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis109. The American Civil War began on April 12 Summer110. On September 22, 1862 Emancipation111. On April 9, 1865 Richmond Grant Appomattox112. The American Civil War is also called Bourgeois113. In 1899 US imperialism Open Door114. The united states entered the First World War 1917115. The fourteen-point program seas League116. The Japanese attacked Pearl117. In the first two decades after World War 2 Cold containment contention118. President Nixon visited China 72 1979119. Secondary education in the United States junior senior vocational technical academic120. It is the faculty of the colleges121. A major purpose of the land-grant provides services122. According to their year of study freshmen sophomores juniors seniors123. During the first two years of study, college students survey introductory124. Midyear exams are given at the end the next semester125. The number of credits for a course credits hours each week126. During the third and fourth years of college subject名词解释：1. The House of Lords 上议院2. The House of Commons 下议院3. The Lord Chancellor 大法官/上院议长4. The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Foods 农业，渔业和粮食部5. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office 外交和联邦事务部6. The Home Office 内政部7. The Chancellor of the Exchequer 财政大臣8. The Lord President of the Privy Council 枢密院长9. The Lord Privy Seal 掌玺大臣10. The Minister without Portfolio 不管（部）大臣11. Fabian Society 费边社12. High Court of Justice （英格兰）高等法院13. Returning Officer 负责选举的官员14. Crown Court 巡回法院15. Monster Raving Loony Party 怪物疯话疯子党16. The Lord Chancellor 大法官17. Home Secretary 内政大臣18. Secretary of State for Scotland 苏格兰国务大臣19. Magistrate courts 地方/治安法院20. Common law 习惯法21. The Chancery Division 大法官庭22. The Family Division 家事庭23. The Queens Bench division 王座庭24. Lord Chief Justice 高等法院院长25. The Court of Session 民事庭26. Justices of the Peace 治安推事27. CID 英国刑事侦缉厅28. Iberians 伊比利亚人29. Celts 凯尔特人30. Gaels盖尔人31. Roman Conquest 罗马征服32. Anglo-Saxon Heptarch盎格鲁-撒克逊七国33. Edward, the Confessor 爱德华（信教者）34. Battle at Hastings 哈斯丁斯战役35. Doomsday Book 末日审判书36. The Great Charter 大宪章37. All Estates Parliament 各级会议38. Model Parliament 模范会议39. Separation of powers 三权分立40. The National Security Council 国家安全委员会41. The Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局42. “pocket veto” 搁置否决权43. Congress 国会44. The United States Information Agency 美国新闻总署45. The Supreme Court 最高法院46. Judicial review 司法复审连线：1. Liverpool the district of Merseyside2. Hull the fishing center 3. Sheffield the steel manufact